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Christianity In Xinjiang
Christianity is a minority religion in the Xinjiang region of the People's Republic of China. The dominant ethnic group, the Uyghur, are predominantly Muslim and very few are known to be Christian. Christianity in Xinjiang is the religion of 1% of the population according to the Chinese General Social Survey of 2009. Pre-history The Church of the East, commonly known as Nestorians, reached Central Asia, Mongolia and China by the seventh century CE. The Turfan texts dating to the ninth and tenth centuries include translations of Christian sacred texts into several languages, including Christian Old Turkic. The tribe of the Keraites was known to be predominantly Christian from the 11th century and to the time of Genghis Khan. Likewise the Naiman and Ongud tribes were evangelised from the 11th century. The Uighur people were later Islamised. History In 1904, George W. Hunter with the China Inland Mission opened the first mission station for CIM in Xinjiang. But already in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christian Church Hami, Xinjiang - 2011 - Panoramio
Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a Monotheism, monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus in Christianity, Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ (title), Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χριστός), a translation of the Biblical Hebrew term ''mashiach'' (מָשִׁיחַ) (usually rendered as ''messiah'' in English). While there are diverse interpretations of Christianity which sometimes conflict, they are united in believing that Jesus has a unique significance. The term ''Christian'' used as an adjective is descriptive of anything associated with Christianity or Christian churches, or in a proverbial sense "all that is noble, and good, and Christ-like." It does not have a meaning of 'of Christ' or 'related or pertaining to Christ'. According to a 2011 Pew Research Center survey, there were 2.2 billion Christians around the world in 2010, up from about 600 million in 1910. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mission Covenant Church Of Sweden
The Mission Covenant Church of Sweden ( sv, Svenska Missionskyrkan), founded in 1878, was a Swedish evangelical free church. It was the second-largest Protestant denomination in Sweden, after the national church, the Church of Sweden. In 2011, the Mission Covenant Church of Sweden completed a merger with two other denominations, resulting in the new denomination Uniting Church in Sweden (in Swedish: Equmeniakyrkan). The denomination is a member of the Swedish Free Church Council, the International Federation of Free Evangelical Churches, and the World Communion of Reformed Churches. History The Mission Covenant Church of Sweden is a breakaway from the Lutheran Church of Sweden. As a movement it had roots in Pietism and the spiritual awakenings of the 19th century such as ''Nyevangelism''. When Swedish Covenanters emigrated to the United States and Canada in the last half of the 19th century, they formed the Evangelical Covenant Church. The denominations are independent of each ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stina Mårtensson
Stina Mårtensson (3 June 1882 – 1962) was a Swedish missionary. She served with the Swedish Missionary Society in Chinese Turkestan (present day Xinjiang) and India. Mårtensson was born in Ovanåker in Hälsingland, Sweden. She worked as a nurse midwife in Yarkand and Kashgar for more than 22 years in various periods during the years 1907–1936. From 1939 until 1946 she worked in India. She died in Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic country located on ... 1962 at the age of 80. See alsoMission and Change in Eastern Turkestan(English Translation of select chapters of ''Mission och revolution i Centralasien'')''has some pictures.''Missionskyrkan 2003''contains article that mentions her'' Swedish Protestant missionaries Protestant missionaries in China Christian medical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gustaf Ahlbert
Gustaf Albert Ahlbert (26 January 1884 – 1943) was a Swedish missionary and linguist. He served with the Mission Union of Sweden in Chinese Turkestan (present day Xinjiang). Ahlbert had a competent knowledge of Hebrew, Greek, Arabic Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C. E.Watson; Walter ... and Uyghur. He was one of the last three missionaries to be expelled from Kashgar in 1939. After he was expelled, he worked among Muslims in India, and worked together with Oskar Hermansson and Dr. Nur Luke on the Uyghur Bible translation, until his death in Bombay in 1943. References Bibliography *''Gustaf Ahlbert, Bachta Chan eller Lyckobarnet, Stockholm, 1934'' *''Gustaf Ahlbert, Habil: En Kristen Martyr i Östturkestan, Stockholm,. (1934)'' *''Gustaf Ahlbert, Letter specimens. The manner ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albert Andersson (missionary)
Albert Andersson (8 February 1865 – 11 March 1915) was a Swedish missionary to Chinese Turkestan (modern day Xinjiang) with the Mission Covenant Church of Sweden. He also worked in Northern China with the Fransonska Mission. Early life He was born in Rasberg Parish, Skaraborg County, Sweden. After studying from 1887-88 at the Mission Covenant Church of Sweden's school in Kristinehamn. He then preached at Sköfde, till he got an invitation from the Fransonska Mission to work in Northern China, where he went on January 12, 1893. In 1895 he married Maria Lovisa Mattsson. He returned to Sweden on October 10, 1898. Mission in China At this time the Swedish missionaries in Xinjiang, who worked mainly with the Muslim Uyghur people, were looking for somebody who had already been in China proper, and who knew some Chinese to join the team and work with the Chinese people. Andersson resigned from the Fransonska Mission, and joined to Mission Covenant Church of Sweden. On his way to Xi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anna Mässrur
Anna Nyström-Mässrur (9 December 1849-December 1913) was a Swedish missionary. She served in the Caucasus and in Persia, and in 1894 moved to the Xinjiang region of China. She married Persian-born doctor Josef Mässrur in Kashgar in May 1895, and they worked together in Yarkant County, Yarkand. They made many Uyghur people, Uyghur friends, and Raquette writes that fifteen years later that they were well remembered by many Uyghurs. The couple left in 1900 for a visit to Sweden, arriving there on November 2 of that year. In the autumn of 1901 they left Sweden, and returned to Persia, Josef's homeland, where Anna lived until just before her death, when she returned to Sweden. Her health had been weakened during a cholera epidemic in Persia in 1892. On arriving back in Sweden in December 1913, she was so weakened by her illness that she was immediately hospitalized, and died soon after. Bibliography *J. Lundahl (editor), På obanade stigar: Tjugofem år i Ost-Turkestan. Stockho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Josef Mässrur
Josef Mässrur (born Ghäsim Khan) (also sometimes spelled Josef MessrurIn Tibet and Chinese Turkestan: Being the Record of Three Years' Exploration By Henry Hugh Peter Deasy pg. 284) was a Christian Persian missionary to Xinjiang, Chinese Turkestan with the Mission Union of Sweden. Mässrur was born in Tehran, Persia, of Persian parents. He studied medicine and French from a French doctor in Tehran. Afterwards, he set up an independent practice. While he was practising as a doctor a Lutheran Swedish missionary gave him a New Testament, and he soon made the decision to give his life to Jesus. He was baptised and took the name Josef. In 1894 he joined the Mission Union of Sweden, and went to Xinjiang with Anna Nystrom to operate within the Covenant Church Östturkestanmission. On 5 May 1895, after arriving in Kashgar, he married Anna Nyström, whom he had met in Persia. They worked in Yarkant County, Yarkand, where they founded the Mission League's mission station, and later built ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Father Hendricks
Father Hendricks (March 17, 1846 in Venlo – June 22, 1906 in Kashgar) was a Dutch Roman Catholic missionary. Accompanied by a Polish nobleman called Adam Ignatovich whom he had met in Omsk on his way to Chinese Turkestan,John Avetaranian, Richard Schafer and John Bechard, "A Muslim who became a Christian", 2003, page 83 Hendricks arrived in Kashgar in 1885 and remained there until his death. During his stay in Kashgar, Hendricks clashed with Nikolai Petrovsky, the Russian consul-general, and lived for a time with George Macartney at Chini-Bagh.Ruins of Desert Cathay – Personal Narrative of Explorations in Central Asia and Westernmost China , Volume 1, M A Stein [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nils Fredrik Höijer
Nils Fredrik Höijer (1857 – 20 November 1925) was a Swedish missionary to Central Asia. In 1892 he accompanied Johannes Avetaranian to Kashgar. He did not however, stay in Kashgar. In 1903 he founded Swedish Slavic Mission (today known as Ljus i Öster ''Light for the Peoples''), a missionary organization that today has missionaries in works in the CIS, Eastern Europe, Turkey, Mongolia and China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and .... Bibliography *''Avateranian, Johannes & Bechard, John (tr); A Muslim Who Became A Christian'' (Hertford: Authors Online Ltd.) *''Ann-Charlotte Fritzon, Passion för det omöjliga Om pionjären Nils Fredrik Höijer Slaviska Missionen - Bromma Malmö 1993'' *''Ann-Charlotte Fritzon, Passion for the Impossible'' External linksLju ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magnus Bäcklund
Magnus Bäcklund (12 December 1866 – 26 June 1903) was a Swedish missionary to Chinese Turkestan with the Mission Covenant Church of Sweden. Magnus was born in Alstakan, Gunnarskog parish, Värmland Värmland () also known as Wermeland, is a '' landskap'' (historical province) in west-central Sweden. It borders Västergötland, Dalsland, Dalarna, Västmanland, and Närke, and is bounded by Norway in the west. Latin name versions are '' .... He grew up in a poor family and had to work hard. He found employment at ''Östlund & Almqvist'' in Arvika. He studied German, French, and Greek during this time. In 1895 he travelled to Kashgar, but being delayed, he studied Uyghur in Bukhara, and only arrived in Kashgar June the following year, 1897. In Xinjiang, he worked at the Mission hospital. On 26 June 1903 he died of typhoid,Hartmann, Martin. Chinesisch-Turkestan; geschichte, verwaltung, geistesleben, und wirtschaft. Halle a.S.: Gebauer-Schwetschke druckerei und Verlag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johannes Avetaranian
Johannes Avetaranian (Erzurum, Ottoman Empire, 30 June 1861 – Wiesbaden, Germany, 11 December 1919), born Muhammad Shukri ( tr, Mehmet Şükri), was, according to his autobiography, a Turkish descendant of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Avetaranian was originally a mullah in Turkey who converted from Islam to Christianity, and later became a missionary for the Swedish Mission Covenant Church in Southern Xinjiang (1892–1938). He translated the New Testament into the Uyghur language. He preached Christianity in Xinjiang and at a Swedish Protestant mission. He died in 1919, aged 58, in Wiesbaden. Biography Avetaranian was born in Erzurum, in 1861, to a Muslim family. His mother was deaf, blind, and mute, and died when Avetaranian was only two years old. His father was a dervish. He took the Armenian name of Johannes (John) Avetaranian (Avetaran means 'Gospel') and was baptised in Tiflis, Russia (modern-day Tbilisi, Georgia) on 28 February 1885.John Avetaranian and Richard Sc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kumul Rebellion
The Kumul Rebellion (, "Hami Uprising") was a rebellion of Hami, Kumulik Uyghurs from 1931 to 1934 who conspired with Hui people, Hui Islam in China, Chinese Muslim Gen. Ma Zhongying to overthrow Jin Shuren, governor of Xinjiang. The Kumul Uyghurs were loyalists of the Kumul Khanate and wanted to restore the heir to the Khanate and overthrow Jin. The Kuomintang wanted Jin removed because of his ties to the Soviet Union, so it approved of the operation while pretending to acknowledge Jin as governor. The rebellion then catapulted into large-scale fighting as Hotan, Khotanlik Uyghurs, Uyghur rebels in southern Xinjiang started a separate rebellion for independence in collusion with Kirghiz rebels. Various groups rebelled, and were not united (some even fought each other). The main part of the war was waged by Ma Zhongying against the Xinjiang government. He was supported by Chiang Kai-shek, the Premier of China, who secretly agreed to let Ma seize Xinjiang. Background Gov. Jin Shu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
