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Chris Von Saltza
Susan Christina von Saltza (born January 13, 1944), also known by her married name Christina Olmstead, is an American former competition swimmer, Olympic champion, and former world record-holder in four events. As an age group swimmer, von Saltza swam for coach George Haines' Santa Clara Swim Club and led the club to multiple team championships at the nationals, in addition to winning nineteen individual Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) titles.Sports-Reference.com, Olympic Sports, Athletes Chris von Saltza Retrieved September 29, 2012. She was featured on the July 21, 1958 cover of ''Sports Illustrated'' magazine as the "No. 1 U.S. Swimmer at the Age of 14." Sports Illustrated' (July 21, 1958). Retrieved September 29, 2012. At the age of 16, she set the world record in the 400-meter freestyle at the U.S. Olympic trials, and proceeded to win four medals at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome. Individually, she won a gold medal in the women's 400-meter freestyle, and a silver in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Freestyle Swimming
Freestyle is a category of swimming competition, defined by the rules of the International Swimming Federation (FINA), in which competitors are subject to a few limited restrictions on their swimming stroke. Freestyle races are the most common of all swimming competitions, with distances beginning with 50 meters (50 yards) and reaching 1500 meters (1650 yards), also known as the mile. The term 'freestyle stroke' is sometimes used as a synonym for 'front crawl', as front crawl is the fastest surface swimming stroke. It is now the most common stroke used in freestyle competitions. The first Olympics held open water swimming events, but after a few Olympics, closed water swimming was introduced. The front crawl or freestyle was the first event that was introduced. Technique Freestyle swimming implies the use of legs and arms for competitive swimming, except in the case of the individual medley or medley relay events. The front crawl is most commonly chosen by swimmers, as th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Title IX
Title IX is the most commonly used name for the federal civil rights law in the United States that was enacted as part (Title IX) of the Education Amendments of 1972. It prohibits sex-based discrimination in any school or any other education program that receives funding from the Federal government of the United States, federal government. This is Public Law No. 92‑318, 86 Stat. 235 (June 23, 1972), codified at 20 U.S.C. §§ 1681–1688. Senator Birch Bayh wrote the 37 words of Title IX. Bayh first introduced an amendment to the Higher Education Act to ban discrimination on the basis of sex on August 6, 1971 and again on February 28, 1972, when it passed the Senate. Representative Edith Green, chair of the Subcommittee on Education, had held hearings on discrimination against women, and introduced legislation in the House on May 11, 1972. The full Congress passed Title IX on June 8, 1972. Representative Patsy Mink emerged in the House to lead efforts to protect Title I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marilyn Ramenofsky
Marilyn Ramenofsky (born August 20, 1946) is an American former competition swimmer, Olympic medalist, and former world record-holder. She is currently a researcher at the University of California at Davis, studying the physiology and behavior of bird migration. She has previously done research at the University of Washington in Seattle. Swimming career Ramenofsky was named to the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) All-America women's swimming teams in 1962, 1963 and 1964. International Swimming Hall of Fame national director Buck Dawson wrote: " amenofskywas the first female to swim a perfect freestyle stroke." She attended Pomona College in Claremont, California, and trained with the Pomona College men's swim team because the college had no women's team. Ramenofsky set new world-record times for the 400-meter freestyle three times in 1964, including once at the U.S. Olympic Trials, reducing the record to 4:39.5. She also set a new U.S. record in the 220-yard freestyle in 196 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ilsa Konrads
Ilsa Konrads ( lv, Ilze Konrade; born 29 March 1944) is an Australian former freestyle swimmer of the 1950s and 1960s, who won a silver medal in the 4×100-metre freestyle relay at the 1960 Summer Olympics. In her career, she set 13 individual world records, and after her swimming career ended, was the Australasian editor of '' Belle'' magazine. Along with her brother John Konrads, who also set multiple world records, and won gold in the 1500-metre freestyle, they were known as the ''Konrad Kids''. Career Born in Riga, Latvia, Konrads emigrated with her parents Jānis and Elza, grandmother, elder sister Eve, and elder brother John (Jānis) in August 1944, initially to Germany. This came after Latvia's occupation by German troops during the Second World War and then re-occupation by Soviet troops. Living in Germany until 1949, their application to immigrate to the United States was refused on account of the large size of the family. They were relocated to a camp at Uranq ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Satoko Tanaka
is a retired Japanese backstroke swimmer. She competed at the 1960 and 1964 Olympics in the 100 m backstroke and 4×100 m medley relay. She won individual bronze in 1960 and finished fourth in both events in 1964. Between 1959 and 1964 she set 10 world records in the 200 m backstroke, but did not have a chance to compete in this discipline. She set five more world records in the 110 yd and 220 yd backstroke. Tanaka held the national records in the 100 m and 200 m backstroke for 12 years. In retirement for many decades she worked as a swimming coach, and also competed in the masters category. In 1991 she was inducted into the International Swimming Hall of Fame The International Swimming Hall of Fame and Museum (ISHOF) is a history museum and hall of fame, located at One Hall of Fame Drive, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, United States, operated by private interests and serving as the central point for the s .... See also * List of members of the International Swimming Hall of Fam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lenie De Nijs
Helena Elisabeth "Lenie" de Nijs (April 1939 – 22 January 2023) was a Dutch swimmer. In July-August 1955 she broke three freestyle world records over 1500 m, 880 yd and 1760 yd distances. She then changed to backstroke, winning three national titles over 100 m (1956–1958) and setting world records in the 200 m backstroke (1957) and 4×100 m medley relay events (1956 and 1958); she set her last record while winning the European title in Budapest, together with Ada den Haan, Cocky Gastelaars and Atie Voorbij. She qualified for the 1956 Summer Olympics, but could not participate due to the boycott of those games by the Netherlands. As a child, de Nijs was diagnosed with chronic asthma and bronchitis and the doctor advised her to join a sport club to improve health. After retiring from swimming she married the Dutch water polo player Harry Vriend on 4 October 1963. Her younger sister Judith was also a world-level swimmer. De Nijs died on 22 January 2023, at the age of 83. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World Record Progression 4 × 100 Metres Medley Relay
This article includes the world record progression for the 4×100 metres medley relay, and it shows the chronological history of world record times in that competitive swimming event. The 4×100 metres medley relay is a medley race in which each of four swimmers on a team swims a 100-metre leg of the relay, each swimming a different stroke, in the following sequence: # Backstroke (this can only be the first stroke, due to the necessity of starting this leg in the pool rather than by diving in); # Breaststroke; # Butterfly; # Freestyle ("freestyle" means any stroke other than backstroke, breaststroke or butterfly – most swimmers use the front crawl). Swimming world records are recognized by and maintained by FINA ("Fédération Internationale de Natation"), the international competitive swimming and aquatics federation that oversees the sport in international competition. World records in the medley relay event were first recognized by FINA in 1953. The long course (50-metre po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World Record Progression 4 × 100 Metres Freestyle Relay
This article includes the world record progression for the 4×100 metres freestyle relay, and it shows the chronological history of world record times in that competitive swimming event. The 4×100 metres freestyle relay is a relay event in which each of four swimmers on a team swims a 100-metre freestyle leg in sequence. The world records are recognized by and maintained by FINA (french: Fédération Internationale de Natation), the international competitive swimming and aquatics federation that overseas the sport in international competition. World records in swimming were first recognized by FINA in 1908. The long course (50-metre pool) world records are historically older than the short course (25-metre pool) records. FINA amended its regulations governing the recognition of world records in 1956; specifically, FINA mandated that only record times that were contested in 50-metre (or 55-yard) pools were eligible for recognition after that time. The short-course world record ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World Record Progression 400 Metres Freestyle
The first world record in the men's 400 metres freestyle in long course (50 metres) swimming was recognised by the International Swimming Federation (FINA) in 1908. In the short course (25 metres) swimming events the world's governing body recognizes world records since 3 March 1991. Men Long course *Murray Rose's 4:25.9 set in a 25-metre pool on 12 Jan 1957 was only valid until 1 May the same year. Due to the new rule that records must be set in a 50-metre pool, and the fact that neither John Marshall's 4:26.9 from 1951, nor Ford Konno's 4:26.7 from 1954 were set in 50-metre pools, the WR reverted to Rose's 4:27.0 from 1956. Short course Women Long course Short course All-time top 25 Men long course *Correct as of June 2022 Notes Below is a list of other times equal or superior to 3:43.75: *Ian Thorpe also swam 3:40.17 (2001), 3:40.54 (2002), 3:40.59 (2000), 3:40.76 (2001), 3:41.33 (2000), 3:41.71 (2001), 3:41.83 (1999), 3:42.41 (2003), 3:42.58 (2003), 3:4 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World Record Progression 200 Metres Backstroke
This is a history of the progression of the world record for the 200-meter backstroke event. It is a listing of the fastest-time-ever swum in the event, in both long course (50-meter) and short course (25-meter) swimming pools. These records are maintained/recognized by FINA, which oversees international competitive swimming and aquatics. The long course records are historically older than the short course records; the latter having only been recognized since the early 1990s. Men Long course Old regulations New regulations Short course Women Long course Old Regulations New Regulations Short course All-time top 25 Men long course *Correct as of December 2022 Notes Below is a list of other times equal or superior to 1:55.54: *Ryosuke Irie also swam 1:52.86 (2009), 1:53.26 (2014), 1:53.78 (2012), 1:53.91 (2014), 1:54.02 (2009, 2012), 1:54.03 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Stanford University People
This page lists the members of Stanford University, including students, alumni, faculty and academic affiliates associated. Stanford office Presidents Acting presidents were temporary appointments. Swain served while Wilbur was United States Secretary of the Interior under Herbert Hoover; Eurich and Faust after the unexpected death of Tresidder. ;Color key Provosts The position was created in 1952. Chancellors This position is often empty and has always been held by a former president. School Deans Though Stanford did not originally have schools, over the years the departments have all been collected into schools. ;Color key Alumni Academics Presidents and chancellors of universities and colleges * Gene D. Block (A.B. 1970), 8th chancellor of University of California, Los Angeles *Derek Bok (A.B. 1951), 25th president of Harvard University * José Antonio Bowen (A.B., M.S., Ph.D. 1994), 11th president of Goucher College *Avishay Braverman (Ph.D. 1976), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Olympic Medalists In Swimming (women)
This is the complete list of women's Olympic medalists in swimming. Current program 50 metre freestyle 100 metre freestyle 200 metre freestyle 400 metre freestyle 800 metre freestyle 1500 metre freestyle 100 metre backstroke 200 metre backstroke 100 metre breaststroke 200 metre breaststroke 100 metre butterfly 200 metre butterfly 200 metre individual medley 400 metre individual medley 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay Note: since 1992, swimmers who swam only in preliminary rounds also received medals. 4 × 200 metre freestyle relay Note: swimmers who swam only in preliminary rounds also received medals. 4 × 100 metre medley relay Note: since 1992, swimmers who swam only in preliminary rounds also received medals. Mixed Events 4 × 100 metre medley relay Open water 10 km marathon Discontinued event 300 metre freestyle All-time medal table 1912–2020 See also * List of Olympic medalists in swimming (men) * List of individual gold medal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
