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Castles In Iran
Throughout history, especially in prehistoric and early history, castles have played an important role in the fortification of Iran. They were usually maintained by officials on important routes or cities, and most of them were in unmarked heights with steep slopes or cliffs. Such places have always served as a natural defenses against enemies and offer a panoramic view of the surrounding lands, so cities and surrounding lands can be defended. Most of Iran's castles had spring or Wells, except for those that were previously surrounded by water. Important castles List of castles in Iran This is a list of castles in Iran. A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T V Y Z See also *List of castles References {{Castles in Iran * Iran Iran Castles Iran Castles A castle is a type of fortified structure built during the Middle Ages predominantly by the nobility or royalty a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fortaleza De Bam, Irán, 2016-09-23, DD 09
Fortaleza (, locally , Portuguese language, Portuguese for ''Fortress'') is the state capital of Ceará, located in Northeast Region, Brazil, Northeastern Brazil. It belongs to the Metropolitan mesoregion of Fortaleza and microregion of Fortaleza. It is Brazil's 5th largest city and the twelfth richest city in the country in GDP. It also has the third richest metropolitan area in the North and Northeast regions. It is an important industrial and commercial center of Brazil, the nation's eighth largest municipality in purchasing power. According to the Ministry of Tourism (Brazil), Ministry of Tourism, the city reached the mark of second most desired destination of Brazil and fourth among Brazilian cities in tourists received. The BR-116, the most important highway of the country, starts in Fortaleza. The municipality is part of the Common Market of Mercosur Cities, and also the Brazilian state capital which is closest to Europe, from Lisbon, Portugal. To the north of the city ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zaydi Shi'ism
Zaydism (''h'') is a unique branch of Shia Islam that emerged in the eighth century following Zayd ibn Ali‘s unsuccessful rebellion against the Umayyad Caliphate. In contrast to other Shia Muslims of Twelver Shi'ism and Isma'ilism, Zaydis, also called Fivers, consider Zayd to be the fifth imam and successor to Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin, instead of his half-brother Muhammad al-Baqir. Origin The Zaydi madhhab emerged in reverence of Zayd's failed uprising against the Umayyad Caliph, Hisham (ruling 724–743 AD), which set a precedent for revolution against corrupt rulers. According to Hussein Badreddin al-Houthi, Zaydis find it difficult to "sit in their houses" and remain passive in an unjust world. Zaydis are the oldest branch of the Shia and are currently the second largest group after Twelvers. Zaydis do not believe in the infallibility of Imāms and do not ascribe them with any supernatural qualities, but promote their leadership. They also reject the notion of na ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Irania Encyclopedia
The ''Irania Encyclopedia'' (Persian: فرهنگنامه ایران Farhangnameh Iran) is a reference book for the culture and civilization of the Persian and Iranian Plateau. The encyclopedia has 5,000 entries and 500 photos, and it was written by Reza Moradi Ghiasabadi. References {{ReflistExternal links Irania Encyclopedia (Persian) [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kaleybar
Kaleybar ( fa, كليبر) ( az, كليبر); also Romanized as Kalībar, Kalipar, Keleibar, and Keleivar) is a city and capital of Kaleybar County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. According to the 2006 census, Kaleybar, with a population of 9,030 in 2,397 families, is the 25th most populated city of the province. In recent years, the city has become a tourist destination thanks to its proximity to Babak Castle. In addition, as a result of geopolitical developments Kaleybar is gradually replacing Ahar as the capital city of Qareh Dagh region. History Kaleybar, known as Badd or Baddayn (or Badhdh) in Islamic chronicles, was the stronghold of Babak Khorramdin who, in 816 AD, revolted against Islamic Caliphate. Babak's resistance was ended in 836 when he was defeated by the Iranian General Afshin, acting on behalf of the Caliphate. The events of the two decades long tumultuous times subjected the town to the reports of early Islamic historians. The first reference t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Babak Fort
Pāpak Fort ( fa, دژ بابک) or Babak CastleBurke, Andrew and Elliott. Mark (2008) ''Iran'' Lonely Planet, Footscray, Victoria, Australiapage 159 ( fa, قلعه بابک), ″Ghal’eh-e Baz″ is a large citadel on the top of a mountain in the Arasbaran forests, 50 km from Ahar, one parasang from Ardabil, 6 km southwest of Kalibar City in northwestern Iran. According to Ibn al- Nadim, it was the stronghold of Javidhan and Babak Khorramdin, the leaders of the Khurramites in Iranian Azerbaijan who fought the Islamic caliphate of Abbassids. The fort was conquered and ruined by Afshin′s army in 837. Access The castle is built on 2300–2600 meter heights and is surrounded by 400 to 600 meter gorges. Access to the castle can be found using a long series of broken steps that lead to the top of a hill. After that, the easiest route is a long dirt track. At the end of the dirt track, the route turns left. The first sign of the ruins appears on the left, lea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atashgah Castle2021 , a Ca ...
Atashgah or Ateshgah ( fa, آتشگاه) may refer to: * Fire temple, a Zoroastrian worship place * Atashgah, Alborz, a village in Iran * Atashgah, Ardabil, a village in Iran * Atashgah-e Jadid, a village in Ardabil Province, Iran * Atashgah, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, a village in Iran * Ateshgah, Gilan, a village in Iran * Ateshgah-e Bozorg, a village in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran * Atashgah of Isfahan, a tower-like construction located in Iran *Ateshgah of Baku, also known as ''Fire Temple of Baku'', is a museum now in Baku Azerbaijan * Atashgah of Tbilisi, also known as ''Fire Temple of Tbilisi'', is a museum now in Tbilisi Georgia *Atashgah Castle, a castle in the city of Kashmar *Atashgah Manmade-Cave The Atashgah Manmade-Cave or Atashgah Cave is located 20 km northwest of Kashmar city, Razavi Khorasan province, Iran and the cave has two entrance passages. See also * Atashgah Castle Atashgah Castle ( fa, قلعه آتشگاه) is a castle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kashmar
Kashmar () ( fa, کاشمر, also Romanized as ''Kāshmar''; formerly ''Keshmar'', '' Torshīz'' or ''Soltanabad'') is a city and the capital of Kashmar County, in Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. Kashmar is located near the river Shesh Taraz in the western part of the province, and south of the province's capital Mashhad, in Iran, from east to Bardaskan, west to Torbat-e Heydarieh, north to Nishapur, south to Gonabad. Until two centuries ago, this city was named Torshiz (). At the 2006 census, its population was 81,527, in 21,947 families. Historical legends Kashmar is a city with ancient history and many legendary stories Among the historical legends are about the Cypress of Kashmar. Cypress of Kashmar The Cypress of Kashmar is a mythical cypress tree of legendary beauty and gargantuan dimensions. It is said to have sprung from a branch brought by Zoroaster from Paradise and to have stood in today's Kashmar in northeastern Iran and to have been planted by Zoroa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atashgah Castle
Atashgah Castle ( fa, قلعه آتشگاه) is a castle in the city of Kashmar, and is one of the attractions of Kashmar. This castle was built by the Sasanian government and it was famous in ancient times. Location The location of the castle is strategically interesting. This fort is one of the most prominent and superior ancient forts of Iran in terms of inaccessibility and resistance against invaders and easily competes with the fortifications of Babak Fort in Kaleybar and Alamut Castle in Alamut. This shows that the builders of the castle have carried out extensive field studies to locate it. In total, Atashgah Castle is built on a high rocky cliff and difficult to cross, three sides of which are high and dangerous precipices. Around this cliff, shortly after the precipices, the walls of other high cliffs have re-enclosed it in the form of impenetrable and inaccessible fortifications. See also * Atashgah Manmade-Cave * Sasanian Empire * Adur Burzen-Mihr Adur Burzen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nizari
The Nizaris ( ar, النزاريون, al-Nizāriyyūn, fa, نزاریان, Nezāriyān) are the largest segment of the Ismaili Muslims, who are the second-largest branch of Shia Islam after the Twelvers. Nizari teachings emphasize independent reasoning or ''ijtihad''; pluralism—the acceptance of racial, ethnic, cultural and inter-religious differences; and social justice. Nizaris, along with Twelvers, adhere to the Jaʽfari school of jurisprudence. The Aga Khan, currently Aga Khan IV, is the spiritual leader and Imam of the Nizaris. The global seat of the Ismaili Imamate is in Lisbon, Portugal. Early history Nizari Isma'ili history is often traced through the unbroken hereditary chain of guardianship, or ''walayah'', beginning with Ali Ibn Abi Talib, who was declared Muhammad's successor as Imam during the latter's final pilgrimage to Mecca, and continues in an unbroken chain to the current Imam, Shah Karim Al-Husayni, the Aga Khan. Fatimid usurpation, schism, and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hasan-i Sabbah
Hasan-i Sabbāh ( fa, حسن صباح) or Hassan as-Sabbāh ( ar, حسن بن الصباح الحميري, full name: Hassan bin Ali bin Muhammad bin Ja'far bin al-Husayn bin Muhammad bin al-Sabbah Himyarite Kingdom, al-Himyari; c. 1050 – 12 June 1124) was the founder of the Nizari Ismaili state, Nizari Isma'ili state and its fedayeen, ''fidā'i'' military groupLewis, Bernard (1967), ''The Assassins: a Radical Sect of Islam'', pp 38-65, Oxford University Press known as the Order of Assassins, often referred also as the ''Hashshashin''. Since Marco Polo, he has been known in the Western culture, West as the Old Man of the Mountain. He later seized a mountain fortress called Alamut Castle, Alamut. Sources Hasan is thought to have written an autobiography, which did not survive but seems to underlie the first part of an anonymous Isma'ili biography entitled ''Sargozasht-e Seyyednā'' ( fa, سرگذشت سیدنا). The latter is known only from quotations made by later Persian au ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Da’i
A da'i ( ar, داعي, dāʿī, inviter, caller, ) is generally someone who engages in Dawah, the act of inviting people to Islam. See also * Dawah * Da'i al-Mutlaq The term Da'i al-Mutlaq ( ar, الداعي المطلق, al-Dā'ī al-Mutlaq; pl. , ) literally meaning 'the absolute, or unrestricted, missionary', is the most senior spiritual rank and office in Tayyibi Isma'ilism. The Da'i al-Mutlaq has heade ..., "the absolute (unrestricted) missionary" (Arabic: الداعي المطلق) * Hujja * List of da'is References {{Reflist Arabic words and phrases Islamic terminology Religious titles ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
