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Carnivoramorpha
Carnivoramorpha ("carnivoran-like forms") is a clade of placental mammals that includes the modern order Carnivora and its extinct stem-relatives.Bryant, H.N., and M. Wolson (2004“Phylogenetic Nomenclature of Carnivoran Mammals.”''First International Phylogenetic Nomenclature Meeting''. Paris, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle Classification and phylogeny Traditional classification * Clade: Carnivoramorpha basal clades to Carnivora, but without Creodont">Basal_(phylogenetics).html" ;"title="arnivora + all Basal (phylogenetics)">basal clades to Carnivora, but without Creodonts] ** Order: Carnivora (carnivorans) *** Suborder: Caniformia ("dog-like" carnivorans) *** Suborder: Feliformia ("cat-like" carnivorans) *** ''Incertae sedis'': **** Genus: †'' Palaeogale'' ** Superfamily: † Miacoidea *** Family: † Miacidae *** Family: †Viverravidae *** ''Incertae sedis'': **** †'' "Sinopa" insectivorus'' ** ''Incertae sedis'': *** Genus: †'' Ravenictis'' *** ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carnivoramorpha Sp
Carnivoramorpha ("carnivoran-like forms") is a clade of placental mammals that includes the modern order Carnivora and its extinct stem-relatives.Bryant, H.N., and M. Wolson (2004“Phylogenetic Nomenclature of Carnivoran Mammals.”''First International Phylogenetic Nomenclature Meeting''. Paris, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle Classification and phylogeny Traditional classification * Clade: Carnivoramorpha basal clades to Carnivora, but without Creodont">Basal_(phylogenetics).html" ;"title="arnivora + all Basal (phylogenetics)">basal clades to Carnivora, but without Creodonts] ** Order: Carnivora (carnivorans) *** Suborder: Caniformia ("dog-like" carnivorans) *** Suborder: Feliformia ("cat-like" carnivorans) *** ''Incertae sedis'': **** Genus: †'' Palaeogale'' ** Superfamily: †Miacoidea *** Family: †Miacidae *** Family: †Viverravidae *** ''Incertae sedis'': **** †'' "Sinopa" insectivorus'' ** ''Incertae sedis'': *** Genus: †'' Ravenictis'' *** ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carnivoraformes
Carnivoraformes ("carnivoran-like forms") is a clade of Placentalia, placental mammals that includes the modern order Carnivora and its extinct stem-relatives. Classification and phylogeny Classification In 2010 Flynn, Finarelli & Spaulding named a new clade Carnivoraformes within Carnivoramorpha, containing carnivorans and "Miacidae, miacids" but not Viverravidae, viverravids. The authors defined Carnivoraformes as the clade containing Carnivora and all taxa that are more closely related to Carnivora (represented by ''Wolf, Canis lupus'') than to viverravids (represented by ''Viverravus, Viverravus gracilis''). * ''Clade'': Carnivoraformes ** Order: Carnivora (carnivorans) *** Suborder: Caniformia ("dog-like" carnivorans) *** Suborder: Feliformia ("cat-like" carnivorans) ** Family: †Quercygale, Quercygalidae ** (unranked): †''Gracilocyon''/''Oodectes'' clade *** Genus: †''Eogale'' *** Genus: †''Gracilocyon''(Paraphyly, paraphyletic genus) *** Genus: †''Oodectes'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viverravidae
Viverravidae ("ancestors of viverrids") is an extinct monophyletic family of mammals from extinct superfamily Viverravoidea within the clade Carnivoramorpha, that lived from the early Palaeocene to the late Eocene in North America, Europe and Asia.Malcolm C. McKenna, Susan K. Bell: ''Classification of Mammals: Above the Species Level'' in Columbia University Press, New York (1997), 631 Seiten. They were once thought to be earliest carnivorans and ancestral to extant carnivorans, but now are placed outside the order Carnivora based on cranial morphology as a relatives (a plesion-group) to extant carnivorans. General characteristics Wang and Tedford propose that they arose in North America 66-60 million years ago, spread to Asia then later to Europe, and were the first carnivoramorphans and possessed the first true pair of carnassial teeth.Wang, Xiaoming; Tedford, Richard H. (2008.) "Dogs: Their Fossil Relatives and Evolutionary History." New York: Columbia University Press In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carnivora
Carnivora is a Clade, monophyletic order of Placentalia, placental mammals consisting of the most recent common ancestor of all felidae, cat-like and canidae, dog-like animals, and all descendants of that ancestor. Members of this group are formally referred to as carnivorans, and have evolved to specialize in eating flesh. The order is the fifth largest order of mammals, comprising at least 279 species. Carnivorans live on every major landmass and in a variety of habitats, ranging from the cold polar regions to the hyper-arid region of the Sahara Desert to the open seas. They come in a very large array of different body plans in contrasting shapes and sizes. Carnivora can be divided into two subclades: the cat-like Feliformia and the dog-like Caniformia, which are differentiated based on the structure of their ear bones and cranial features. The feliforms include families such as the felidae, cats, the hyenas, the mongooses and the viverridae, civets. The majority of felifor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miacis Sp
''Miacis'' is a genus of extinct carnivorous mammals that appeared in the late Paleocene and continued through the Eocene. The genus ''Miacis'' is not monophyletic but a diverse collection of species that belong to the stemgroup within the Carnivoramorpha.Wesley-Hunt, G.D.; Flynn J.J. (2005). Phylogeny of the Carnivora: Basal Relationships Among the Carnivoramorphans, and Assessment of the Position of 'Miacoidea' Relative to Carnivora. ''Journal of Systematic Palaeontology'', 3: 1-28. As such, most ''Miacis'' species belong to the group of early carnivores that represent the ancestors of the modern order, the crown-group Carnivora. However, the species '' Miacis cognitus'' (now ''Gustafsonia'') is placed not in the stem-group but among the Caniformia,Spaulding, M.; Flynn J.J.; Stucky, R.K. (2010) Anew basal Carnivoramorphan (Mammalia) from the ‘Bridger B’ (Black’s Fork Member, Bridger Formation, Bridgerian NALMA, Middel Eocene) of Wyoming, USA. ''Paleontology'' 53: 8 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viverravus
''Viverravus'' ("ancestor of ''Viverra''") is an extinct genus of placental mammals from extinct subfamily Viverravinae within extinct family Viverravidae, that lived in North America, Europe and Asia from the middle Paleocene to middle Eocene. Classification and phylogeny Taxonomy Phylogeny The phylogenetic relationships of genus ''Viverravus'' are shown in the following cladogram:P. D. Gingerich and D. A. Winkler (1985."Systematics of Paleocene Viverravidae (Mammalia, Carnivora) in the Bighorn Basin and Clark's Fork Basin, Wyoming."Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 27(4):87-128P. D. Polly (1997."Ancestry and Species Definition in Paleontology: A Stratocladistic Analysis of Paleocene-Eocene Viverravidae (Mammalia, Carnivora) from Wyoming."Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 30(1):1-53S. Faurby, L. Werdelin, A. Antonelli (2019."Dispersal ability predicts evolutionary success among mammalian carnivores"Depa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miacoidea
Miacoidea ("small points") is a former paraphyletic superfamily of extinct placental mammals that lived during the Paleocene and Eocene epochs, about 66-33,9 million years ago.K. D. Rose, A. E. Chew, R. H. Dunn, M. J. Kraus, H. C. Fricke and S. P. Zack (2012"Earliest Eocene mammalian fauna from the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum at Sand Creek Divide, southern Bighorn Basin, Wyoming."University of Michigan Papers on Paleontology 36:1-122 This group had been traditionally divided into two families of primitive carnivorous mammals: Miacidae (the miacids) and Viverravidae (the viverravids). These mammals were basal to order Carnivora, the crown-group within the Carnivoramorpha. Biology Miacoids were mostly small carnivorous mammals, superficially reminiscent of martens or civets. They probably fed on invertebrates, lizards, birds and smaller mammals like shrews and rodents, while others may have been insectivores. Some species were arboreal, others lived on the ground. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miacidae
Miacids are extinct primitive carnivoramorphans within the family Miacidae that lived during the Paleocene and Eocene epochs, about 62–34 million years ago. Miacids existed for approximately . Miacids are thought to have evolved into the modern carnivorous mammals of the order Carnivora. They were small carnivores, superficially marten-like or civet-like with long, lithe bodies and long tails. Some species were arboreal, while others lived on the ground. They probably fed on invertebrates, lizards, birds, and smaller mammals like shrews and opossums. Their teeth and skulls show that the miacids were less developed than modern carnivorans. They had carnivoran-type carnassials, but lacked fully ossified auditory bullae (rounded protrusions). Classification Miacidae as traditionally conceived is not a monophyletic group; it is a paraphyletic array of stem taxa. Traditionally, Miacidae and Viverravidae had been classified in a superfamily, Miacoidea. Today, Carnivora a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Creodont
Creodonta ("meat teeth") is a former order of extinct carnivorous placental mammals that lived from the early Paleocene to the late Miocene epochs in North America, Europe, Asia and Africa. Originally thought to be a single group of animals ancestral to the modern Carnivora, this order is now usually considered a polyphyletic assemblage of two different groups, the Oxyaenids and the Hyenodonts, not a natural group. Oxyaenids are first known from the Palaeocene of North America, while hyaenodonts hail from the Palaeocene of Africa. Creodonts were the dominant carnivorous mammals from , peaking in diversity and prevalence during the Eocene. The first large, obviously carnivorous mammals appeared with the radiation of the oxyaenids in the late Paleocene. During the Paleogene, "creodont" species were the most abundant terrestrial carnivores in the Old World. In Oligocene Africa, hyaenodonts were the dominant group of large flesh-eaters, persisting until the middle of the Miocene. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Feliformia
Feliformia is a suborder within the order Carnivora consisting of "cat-like" carnivorans, including cats (large and small), hyenas, mongooses, viverrids, and related taxa. Feliformia stands in contrast to the other suborder of Carnivora, Caniformia (also Canoidea, "dog-like" carnivorans). The separation of the Carnivora into the broad groups of feliforms and caniforms is widely accepted, as is the definition of Feliformia and Caniformia as suborders (sometimes superfamilies). The classification of feliforms as part of the Feliformia suborder or under separate groupings continues to evolve. Systematic classifications dealing with only extant taxa include all feliforms into the Feliformia suborder, though variations exist in the definition and grouping of families and genera.Taxonomic references - extant species (1): Supporting descriptive information and picturesDiversity Web (online) – Feliformia/ref>Taxonomic references - extant species (2)Integrated Taxonomic Information Sy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wolf
The wolf (''Canis lupus''; : wolves), also known as the gray wolf or grey wolf, is a large canine native to Eurasia and North America. More than thirty subspecies of ''Canis lupus'' have been recognized, and gray wolves, as popularly understood, comprise wild subspecies. The wolf is the largest extant member of the family Canidae. It is also distinguished from other '' Canis'' species by its less pointed ears and muzzle, as well as a shorter torso and a longer tail. The wolf is nonetheless related closely enough to smaller ''Canis'' species, such as the coyote and the golden jackal, to produce fertile hybrids with them. The banded fur of a wolf is usually mottled white, brown, gray, and black, although subspecies in the arctic region may be nearly all white. Of all members of the genus ''Canis'', the wolf is most specialized for cooperative game hunting as demonstrated by its physical adaptations to tackling large prey, its more social nature, and its highly adv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paleocene
The Paleocene, ( ) or Palaeocene, is a geological epoch that lasted from about 66 to 56 million years ago (mya). It is the first epoch of the Paleogene Period in the modern Cenozoic Era. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek ''palaiós'' meaning "old" and the Eocene Epoch (which succeeds the Paleocene), translating to "the old part of the Eocene". The epoch is bracketed by two major events in Earth's history. The K–Pg extinction event, brought on by an asteroid impact and possibly volcanism, marked the beginning of the Paleocene and killed off 75% of living species, most famously the non-avian dinosaurs. The end of the epoch was marked by the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), which was a major climatic event wherein about 2,500–4,500 gigatons of carbon were released into the atmosphere and ocean systems, causing a spike in global temperatures and ocean acidification. In the Paleocene, the continents of the Northern Hemisphere were still connected ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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