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Camptosomata
Camptosomata are the case-bearing leaf beetles or camptosomates, named for their larval habit of carrying a case of waste material. This group consists of two subfamilies of Chrysomelidae (leaf beetles): Lamprosomatinae and Cryptocephalinae (which include the former Chlamisinae and Clytrinae The Clytrini are a tribe within the leaf beetle subfamily Cryptocephalinae, though historically they were often treated as a distinct subfamily, Clytrinae. As the other Cryptocephalinae, they belong to the group of case-bearing leaf beetles known ...). Each case begins as a wrapping that the mother creates by laying plates of fecal material around each egg. She begins at one end of the egg and turns it with the addition of each plate. She then closes it by creating a "roof" at the other end. When the larva hatches from the egg, it opens the roof of the egg case. it then extends it head and legs from this opening, flips the case over its back and crawls away. Larval camptosomates add ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cryptocephalinae
The Cryptocephalinae are a subfamily of the leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae), and belong to the group of case-bearing leaf beetles called the Camptosomata. The tribes Fulcidacini and Clytrini The Clytrini are a tribe within the leaf beetle subfamily Cryptocephalinae, though historically they were often treated as a distinct subfamily, Clytrinae. As the other Cryptocephalinae, they belong to the group of case-bearing leaf beetles know ... were formerly considered subfamilies of their own, and are presently treated only as tribes. Species in at least 14 genera of Clytrini and Cryptocephalini are myrmecophilous, living with ants.Agrain F.A., M. Buffington, C.S. Chaboo, M.L. Chamorro, & M.E. Schöller. 2015. Leaf beetles are ant-nest beetles: the curious life histories of the juvenile stages of case-bearers (Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae). ZooKeys 547:133–164. File:Exema larval case.jpg, '' Exema'', fecal case File:Exema larva.jpg, ''Exema'', larva File:Neochlamisus larval case ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lamprosomatinae
The Lamprosomatinae are a small subfamily of leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae). They belong to the case-bearing Camptosomata. Tribes and genera The subfamily contains 14 extant genera, and 3 extinct genera, in four tribes: Tribe Cachiporrini Chamorro & Konstantinov, 2011: * '' Cachiporra'' Chamorro & Konstantinov, 2011 Tribe Lamprosomatini Lacordaire, 1848: * †'' Archelamprosomius'' Bukejs & Nadein, 2015 * '' Asisia'' Bezděk, Löbl & Konstantinov, 2010 (replacement name for ''Guggenheimia'' Monrós, 1956) * †'' Damzenius'' Bukejs, 2019 * '' Dorisina'' Monrós, 1956 * '' Lamprosoma'' Kirby, 1819 * '' Lamprosomoides'' Monrós, 1958 * '' Lychnophaes'' Lacordaire, 1848 * '' Oomorphoides'' Monrós, 1956 * '' Oomorphus'' Curtis Curtis or Curtiss is a common English given name and surname of Anglo-Norman origin from the Old French ''curteis'' (Modern French ''courtois'') which derived from the Spanish Cortés (of which Cortez is a variation) and the Portuguese and Gali ..., 1831 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clytrinae
The Clytrini are a tribe within the leaf beetle subfamily Cryptocephalinae, though historically they were often treated as a distinct subfamily, Clytrinae. As the other Cryptocephalinae, they belong to the group of case-bearing leaf beetles known as Camptosomata. Clytrini are known for their myrmecophily. Selected genera and species * '' Anomoea'' Agassiz, 1846 ** '' Anomoea flavokansiensis'' Moldenke, 1970 ** '' Anomoea laticlavia'' Forster, 1771 ** '' Anomoea nitidicollis'' Schaeffer, 1919 ** '' Anomoea rufifrons'' Lacordaire, 1848 * '' Babia'' Chevrolat, 1836 ** '' Babia quadriguttatus'' Olivier, 1796 ** '' Babia tetraspilota'' Leconte, 1858 * ''Cheilotoma'' Chevrolat, 1836 * '' Chilotomina'' * ''Clytra'' Laicharting, 1781 **''Clytra laeviuscula'' Ratzeburg, 1837 * ''Coleorozena'' Moldenke, 1981 ** ''Coleorozena alicula'' Fall, 1927 ** ''Coleorozena fulvilabris'' Jacoby, 1888 ** ''Coleorozena lecontii'' Crotch, 1873 ** '' Coleorozena longicollis'' Jacoby, 1888 ** ''Coleoroz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neochlamisus
''Neochlamisus'' is a genus of leaf beetles in the tribe Fulcidacini (the warty leaf beetles). They are members of the case-bearing leaf beetle group, the Camptosomata. Measuring 3–4 millimeters in length as adults, they are cryptic, superficially resembling caterpillar frass. Seventeen, sometimes 18 species are presently accepted in this genus, all of them occurring in North America (including Mexico; some were previously in the genus '' Chlamisus''). Life history In the spring, female ''Neochlamisus'' lay eggs singly on the leaves or stems of their host plant and then form a case of fecal material around each. The larvae remain on the natal host plant and add to and enlarge their fecal cases as they grow. Case enlargement in ''Neochlamisus'' is an elaborate process that larvae perform regularly until the case is sealed to the substrate prior to pupation. During this stage of the life cycle, beetles are immobile and are particularly vulnerable to predation. After about twe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Subfamilies
In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end subfamily botanical names with "-oideae", and zoological names with "-inae". See also * International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants * International Code of Zoological Nomenclature * Rank (botany) * Rank (zoology) In biological classification, taxonomic rank is the relative level of a group of organisms (a taxon) in an ancestral or hereditary hierarchy. A common system consists of species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, domain. While olde ... Sources {{biology-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chrysomelidae
The insects of the beetle family Chrysomelidae are commonly known as leaf beetles, and include over 37,000 (and probably at least 50,000) species in more than 2,500 genera, making up one of the largest and most commonly encountered of all beetle families. Numerous subfamilies are recognized, but the precise taxonomy and systematics are likely to change with ongoing research. Leaf beetles are partially recognizable by their tarsal formula, which appears to be 4-4-4, but is actually 5-5-5 as the fourth tarsal segment is very small and hidden by the third. As with many taxa, no single character defines the Chrysomelidae; instead, the family is delineated by a set of characters. Some lineages are only distinguished with difficulty from longhorn beetles (family Cerambycidae), namely by the antennae not arising from frontal tubercles. Adult and larval leaf beetles feed on all sorts of plant tissue, and all species are fully herbivorous. Many are serious pests of cultivated plants, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chlamisinae
The Fulcidacini, sometimes known as the warty leaf beetles, are a tribe within the leaf beetle subfamily Cryptocephalinae, though historically they were often treated as a distinct subfamily, Chlamisinae. 11 genera with altogether about 400 species are currently placed here; some four-fifths of the species are found in the Neotropics, but the rest is distributed over all other continents except Antarctica. Genera and some selected species include: * '' Chlamisus'' Rafinesque, 1815 ** '' Chlamisus amyemae'' Reid, 1991 ** '' Chlamisus arizonensis'' Linell, 1898 ** '' Chlamisus aterrimus'' Lea, 1904 ** '' Chlamisus flavidus'' Karren, 1972 ** ''Chlamisus foveolatus'' Knoch, 1801 ** ''Chlamisus huachucae'' Schaeffer, 1906 ** ''Chlamisus maculipes'' Chevrolat, 1835 ** ''Chlamisus mimosae'' Karren, 1989 ** ''Chlamisus minax'' Lacordaire ** ''Chlamisus nigromaculatus'' Karren, 1972 ** ''Chlamisus quadrilobatus'' Schaeffer, 1926 ** '' Chlamisus texanus'' Schaeffer, 1906 * '' Diplacaspis' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exema
''Exema'' is a genus of leaf beetles in the tribe Fulcidacini. They occur worldwide, with 9 species in North America North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Car ... for example. Selected species *'' Exema byersi'' Karren, 1966Balsbaugh & Hays (1972) *'' Exema canadensis'' Pierce, 1940Insect Photo Album''Exema'' Species Retrieved 2006-DEC-17. *''Exema chiricahuana'' Pierce, 1941 *'' Exema conspersa'' Mannerheim, 1843 *'' Exema deserti'' Pierce, 1940 *'' Exema dispar'' Lacordaire, 1848 *'' Exema elliptica'' Karren, 1966 *'' Exema gibber'' Fabricius, 1798 *''Exema globensis'' Pierce, 1940 *''Exema inyoensis'' Pierce, 1940 *''Exema jenksi'' Pierce, 1940 *'' Exema mormona'' Karren, 1966 *'' Exema neglecta'' Blatchley, 1920 *''Exema parvisaxi'' Pierce 1940 Footnotes References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Digital Object Identifier
A digital object identifier (DOI) is a persistent identifier or handle used to uniquely identify various objects, standardized by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). DOIs are an implementation of the Handle System; they also fit within the URI system ( Uniform Resource Identifier). They are widely used to identify academic, professional, and government information, such as journal articles, research reports, data sets, and official publications. DOIs have also been used to identify other types of information resources, such as commercial videos. A DOI aims to resolve to its target, the information object to which the DOI refers. This is achieved by binding the DOI to metadata about the object, such as a URL where the object is located. Thus, by being actionable and interoperable, a DOI differs from ISBNs or ISRCs which are identifiers only. The DOI system uses the indecs Content Model for representing metadata. The DOI for a document remains fixed over t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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