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Wola
Wola (, ) is a district in western Warsaw, Poland, formerly the village of Wielka Wola, incorporated into Warsaw in 1916. An industrial area with traditions reaching back to the early 19th century, it underwent a transformation into an office (commercial) and residential district. Several museums are located in Wola, notably the Warsaw Uprising Museum. History First mentioned in the 14th century, it became the site of the elections, from 1573 to 1764, of Polish kings by the szlachta (nobility) of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The Wola district later became famous for the Polish Army's defence of Warsaw in 1794 during the Kościuszko Uprising and in 1831 during the November Uprising, when Józef Sowiński and Józef Bem defended the city against Tsarist forces. During the Warsaw Uprising (August–October 1944), fierce battles raged in Wola. Around 8 August, Wola was the scene of the largest single massacre by German forces in Poland, of 40,000 to 50,000 civilians. The a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wola Massacre
The Wola massacre ( pl, Rzeź Woli, lit=Wola slaughter) was the systematic killing of between 40,000 and 50,000 Poles in the Wola neighbourhood of the Polish capital city, Warsaw, by the German Wehrmacht and fellow Axis collaborators in the Azerbaijani Legion, as well as the mostly-Russian RONA forces, which took place from 5 to 12 August 1944. The massacre was ordered by Adolf Hitler, who directed to kill "anything that moves" to stop the Warsaw Uprising soon after it began. Tens of thousands of Polish civilians along with captured Home Army resistance fighters were brutally murdered by the Germans in organised mass executions throughout Wola. Whole families, including babies, children and the elderly, were often shot on the spot, but some were killed after torture and sexual assault. Soldiers murdered patients in hospitals, killing them in their beds, as well as the doctors and nurses caring for them. Dead bodies were piled up to be burned by the ''Verbrennungskommando'' ("b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Warsaw Uprising
The Warsaw Uprising ( pl, powstanie warszawskie; german: Warschauer Aufstand) was a major World War II operation by the Polish resistance movement in World War II, Polish underground resistance to liberate Warsaw from German occupation. It occurred in the summer of 1944, and it was led by the Polish resistance Home Army ( pl, Armia Krajowa). The uprising was timed to coincide with the retreat of the German forces from Poland ahead of the Soviet advance. While approaching the eastern suburbs of the city, the Red Army temporarily halted combat operations, enabling the Germans to regroup and defeat the Polish resistance and to Planned destruction of Warsaw, destroy the city in retaliation. The Uprising was fought for 63 days with little outside support. It was the single largest military effort taken by any European Resistance during World War II, resistance movement during World War II. The Uprising began on 1 August 1944 as part of a nationwide Operation Tempest, launched at the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sub-district III Of Wola (of Armia Krajowa)
The Sub-district III of Wola (of Armia Krajowa) (Polish: ''Obwód III Wola'') – a territorial organisational unit of the District of Warsaw of ''Armia Krajowa'', acting during the German occupation of Poland. Military units of the district took part in the Warsaw Uprising. During the house-to-house fighting, Nazi troops from the ''S.S. Sturmbrigade R.O.N.A.'' and the '' SS-Dirlewanger Brigade'' committed the Wola Massacre killing between 40,000 and 50,000 Polish civilians. The chief of the sub-district was lieutenant-colonel Jan Tarnowski pseudonym ''"Waligóra"''. Under his command the sub-district's military units fought in Wola from 1 until 6 August 1944, when prevailing German units forced them to withdraw to Old Town, Śródmieście and to Kampinos Forest. Organisation The Sub-district of Wola included: *Region I - commanded by lieutenant Stanisław Gawryszewski pseudonym ''"Balbo-Wieczorek"'', **1st company - commanded by lieutenant Kazimierz Wierzbicki pseudonym '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Warsaw
Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officially estimated at 1.86 million residents within a greater metropolitan area of 3.1 million residents, which makes Warsaw the 7th most-populous city in the European Union. The city area measures and comprises 18 districts, while the metropolitan area covers . Warsaw is an Alpha global city, a major cultural, political and economic hub, and the country's seat of government. Warsaw traces its origins to a small fishing town in Masovia. The city rose to prominence in the late 16th century, when Sigismund III decided to move the Polish capital and his royal court from Kraków. Warsaw served as the de facto capital of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth until 1795, and subsequently as the seat of Napoleon's Duchy of Warsaw. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Czyste
Czyste is one of the neighborhoods of the Wola district of Warsaw, Poland. It is limited by Wolska and Towarowa streets from the north and east and by railway lines from the west and south. Originally Czyste was a village located right outside the Lubomirski Ramparts, that is the outer city defences of Warsaw, between Jerozolimskie Gate and Wola Gate. In 1827 it had 16 houses and 223 inhabitants and was a seat of a gmina. During the Battle of Warsaw of 1831 the village was the focal point of Polish defence of the city. By the end of 19th century rapid expansion of the city of Warsaw led to the village of Czyste virtually merging with the nearby villages of Wielka Wola, Koło and Ochota. The four combined villages had 512 houses and 8000 inhabitants. The new suburb was variously referred to by names of former villages. It was mostly industrial, with many manufactures and factories located there, in addition to over 90 windmills A windmill is a structure that converts wind ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Młynów, Warsaw
Młynów (pronounced ) is a neighbourhood of the western borough of Wola in Warsaw, the capital of Poland. History Since late Middle Ages the area of modern Młynów belonged to the nearby village of Wielka Wola. Initially mostly occupied by arable land, in 1792 the Evangelical Cemetery of the Augsburg Confession was founded there. Soon afterwards additional cemeteries were built nearby: Christian Powązki Cemetery and the Okopowa Street Jewish Cemetery (both in modern times located in the neighbourhood of Powązki). In the 19th century the rapidly growing city swallowed Wola and its fields, located right outside the city limits were a convenient location for numerous windmills, which became the namesake for the entire area: Młynów's literal translation is "Place of Mills". Opening of the Warsaw–Vienna railway saw many granaries constructed there as well. During World War I, in 1916 Młynów, along with the rest of the suburb of Wola, was incorporated into the city of Wars ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mirów, Warsaw
Mirów (pronounced ) is one of the central neighbourhoods in the Wola district of Warsaw, the capital of Poland. History The neighbourhood is situated between Towarowa Street to west, Solidarity Avenue to the north, John Paul II Avenue to the east and Jerusalem Avenue to the south. The principal thoroughfare of the area is Prosta Street. 18th century The present-day territory of Mirów was once occupied by a ''jurydyka'' called Wielopole, a self-governing town and exclave of Warsaw, just outside the city's borders. By the 18th century, the town lost its independent status and was incorporated into the city limits. The area was named after William Mier, a Scottish officer in Polish service and the commanding officer of the Horse Guard of the Polish Crown Regiment stationed in what became known as the Mirów Barracks. The barracks and stables were completed in 1732. Contemporary Much like the rest of Wola, Mirów was an industrial suburb inhabited by the working classes until th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Royal Elections In Poland
Royal elections in Poland (Polish: ''wolna elekcja'', lit. ''free election'') were the elections of individual kings, rather than dynasties, to the Polish throne. Based on traditions dating to the very beginning of the Polish statehood, strengthened during the Piast and Jagiellon dynasties, they reached their final form in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth period between 1572 and 1791. The "free election" was abolished by the Constitution of 3 May 1791, which established a constitutional-parliamentary monarchy. Evolution The tradition of electing the country's ruler, which occurred either when there was no clear heir to the throne, or to confirm the heir's appointment, dates to the very beginning of Polish statehood. Legends survive of the 9th-century election of the legendary founder of the first Polish royal family, Piast the Wheelwright of the Piast dynasty, and similar voting of his son, Siemowit (that would place a Polish ruler's vote a century before the earliest I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Koło, Warsaw
Koło is one of the neighbourhoods of the Wola district of Warsaw, Poland. It is bounded to the north and west by the border with Bemowo, to the south by Górczewska Street and to the east by the Warsaw Circumferal railway line.
Neighbourhoods of Warsaw
Wola
{{Warsaw-geo-stub ...
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Józef Sowiński
Józef Sowiński (1777–1831) was a Polish artillery general and one of the heroes of Poland's November 1830 Uprising. Biography Józef Longin Sowiński was born on 15 March 1777 in Warsaw. After graduating from the famous Corps of Cadets in Warsaw, he joined the Polish Army as a lieutenant during the Kościuszko Uprising (1794). After its suppression and the dismemberment of Poland by her neighbor states, Sowiński's regiment was drafted into the Prussian army. In 1807 he fought at the Battle of Eylau and received the highest military decoration of Prussia, the Pour le Mérite. However, after the Duchy of Warsaw was proclaimed by Napoleon Bonaparte, Sowiński in 1811 returned into Polish service. He fought in various battles of the Napoleonic wars. During Napoleon's invasion of Russia (1812) he lost a leg at the Battle of Borodino, near the village of Mozhaysk. He was awarded the Virtuti Militari and Legion of Honor. After the Congress of Vienna he returned to Poland ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populous member state of the European Union. Warsaw is the nation's capital and largest metropolis. Other major cities include Kraków, Wrocław, Łódź, Poznań, Gdańsk, and Szczecin. Poland has a temperate transitional climate and its territory traverses the Central European Plain, extending from Baltic Sea in the north to Sudeten and Carpathian Mountains in the south. The longest Polish river is the Vistula, and Poland's highest point is Mount Rysy, situated in the Tatra mountain range of the Carpathians. The country is bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukraine to the east, Slovakia and the Czech Republic to the south, and Germany to the west. It also shares maritime boundaries with Denmark and Sweden. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electio Viritim Monument
The Electio Viritim Monument is located in Warsaw, Wola Wola (, ) is a district in western Warsaw, Poland, formerly the village of Wielka Wola, incorporated into Warsaw in 1916. An industrial area with traditions reaching back to the early 19th century, it underwent a transformation into an office (co ... in the area where Polish Kings were elected during 1575-1764 period in the First Republic of Poland. Inscription External links * http://www.przewodnik.wola.waw.pl/page/2069,pomnik-electio-viritim.html {{Warsaw-stub Monuments and memorials in Warsaw 1997 sculptures 1997 establishments in Poland ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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