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Tropaeolum
''Tropaeolum'' , commonly known as nasturtium (; literally "nose-twister" or "nose-tweaker"), is a genus of roughly 80 species of annual and perennial herbaceous flowering plants. It was named by Carl Linnaeus in his book ''Species Plantarum'', and is the only genus in the family Tropaeolaceae. The nasturtiums received their common name because they produce an oil similar to that of watercress (''Nasturtium officinale''). The genus ''Tropaeolum'', native to South and Central America, includes several very popular garden plants, the most common being '' T. majus'', '' T. peregrinum'' and '' T. speciosum''. One of the hardiest species is '' T. polyphyllum'' from Chile, the perennial roots of which can survive the winter underground at elevations of . Plants in this genus have showy, often intensely bright flowers and rounded, peltate (shield-shaped) leaves with the petiole in the centre. The flowers are bisexual and zygomorphic, with five petals, a superior three-carpelled ov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tropaeolum Majus
''Tropaeolum majus'', the garden nasturtium, nasturtium, Indian cress or monks cress, is a species of flowering plant in the family Tropaeolaceae, originating in the Andes from Bolivia north to Colombia. An easily-grown annual or short-lived perennial with disc-shaped leaves and brilliant yellow, orange or red flowers, it is of cultivated, probably hybrid origin.Huxley, A., ed. (1992). ''New RHS Dictionary of Gardening''. Macmillan . It is not closely related to the genus '' Nasturtium'' (which includes watercress). Etymology The species was originally called ''Nasturtium indicum'' ("Indian nasturtium") but the plant is not related to the true ''Nasturtium'' genus. The current genus name ''Tropaeolum'', coined by Linnaeus, means "little trophy". ''Tropaeolum'' is the diminutive form of the Latin ''tropaeum'', itself borrowed from Ancient Greek τρόπαιον : trópaion "trophy". The Latin specific epithet ''majus'' means “larger” (the neuter form of ''major''). Descript ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tropaeolum Polyphyllum
''Tropaeolum polyphyllum'' is a species of flowering plant in the nasturtium family Tropaeolaceae. It is endemic to mountainous regions of Chile and Argentina where it is called in Spanish soldadito grande de la cordillera (great soldier of the mountains). Description This herbaceous perennial overwinters as a tuber deep in the soil. It sends out long rhizomes from which shoots develop which trail over the ground. These are densely covered with silvery green, deeply lobed leaves. The flower buds have inflated pale green calyces and the sepals are extended backwards into a short spur. The relatively large and showy flowers are borne on long slender stalks and are golden yellow. After flowering, which takes place in mid-summer, the shoots die back and the plant remains dormant until the following year. Distribution and habitat ''Tropaeolum polyphyllum'' is endemic to the central Andes in Chile and Argentina where it grows at heights of up to above sea level. Its typical habitat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tropaeolum Peregrinum
''Tropaeolum peregrinum'', the canary-creeper, canarybird flower, canarybird vine, or canary nasturtium, is a species of ''Tropaeolum'' native to western South America in Peru and possibly also Ecuador.Huxley, A., ed. (1992). ''New RHS Dictionary of Gardening''. Macmillan . Description It is a climbing plant growing to 2.5 m high by scrambling over other vegetation. The leaves are 2–5 cm diameter, palmately lobed with three to seven (mostly five) lobes; they are subpeltate, with the petiole attached within the leaf (not at the edge), though near the edge. The flowers are 2–4 cm diameter, with five frilled petals, bright pale yellow (canary-coloured, hence the English name), often with red spots at the base of the petals, eight stamens, and a 12 mm nectar spur at the rear. Cultivation It is a frost-tender perennial widely grown as an annual ornamental plant Ornamental plants or garden plants are plants that are primarily grown for their beauty but also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tropaeolum Speciosum
''Tropaeolum speciosum'', the flame flower or flame nasturtium, is a species of flowering plant in the family Tropaeolaceae native to Chile, where it is known locally as ''coralito'', ''quintralito'', or ''voqui''. Description It is a hardy herbaceous tuberous perennial with a wiry stem that grows up to tall. It climbs through or over other plants to a sunlit position where it flowers profusely. The leaves are palmately lobed with five to seven obovate leaflets. The scarlet, funnel-shaped flowers are spurred and grow on long stalks from the leaf axils. They have widely separated, clawed petals. After the flowers fade, the red calyces persist, curling back to reveal the three blue berries.''Tropaeolum speciosum''. Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 2012-06-22. Cultivation The flame flower i ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Watercress
Watercress or yellowcress (''Nasturtium officinale'') is a species of aquatic flowering plant in the cabbage family Brassicaceae. Watercress is a rapidly growing perennial plant native to Europe and Asia. It is one of the oldest known leaf vegetables consumed by humans. Watercress and many of its relatives, such as garden cress, mustard, radish, and wasabi, are noteworthy for their piquant flavors. The hollow stems of watercress float in water. The leaf structure is pinnately compound. Small, white, and green inflorescences are produced in clusters and are frequently visited by insects, especially hoverflies, such as ''Eristalis'' flies. Taxonomy Watercress is listed in some sources as belonging to the genus ''Rorippa'', although molecular evidence shows those aquatic species with hollow stems are more closely related to ''Cardamine'' than ''Rorippa''. Despite the Latin name, watercress is not particularly closely related to the flowers popularly known as nasturtiums (''Trop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shield
A shield is a piece of personal armour held in the hand, which may or may not be strapped to the wrist or forearm. Shields are used to intercept specific attacks, whether from close-ranged weaponry or projectiles such as arrows, by means of active blocks, as well as to provide passive protection by closing one or more lines of engagement during combat. Shields vary greatly in size and shape, ranging from large panels that protect the user's whole body to small models (such as the buckler) that were intended for hand-to-hand-combat use. Shields also vary a great deal in thickness; whereas some shields were made of relatively deep, absorbent, wooden planking to protect soldiers from the impact of spears and crossbow bolts, others were thinner and lighter and designed mainly for deflecting blade strikes (like the roromaraugi or qauata). Finally, shields vary greatly in shape, ranging in roundness to angularity, proportional length and width, symmetry and edge pattern; different s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petiole (botany)
In botany, the petiole () is the stalk that attaches the leaf blade to the stem, and is able to twist the leaf to face the sun. This gives a characteristic foliage arrangement to the plant. Outgrowths appearing on each side of the petiole in some species are called stipules. Leaves with a petiole are said to be petiolate, while leaves lacking a petiole are called sessile or apetiolate. Description The petiole is a stalk that attaches a leaf to the plant stem. In petiolate leaves, the leaf stalk may be long, as in the leaves of celery and rhubarb, or short. When completely absent, the blade attaches directly to the stem and is said to be sessile. Subpetiolate leaves have an extremely short petiole, and may appear sessile. The broomrape family Orobanchaceae is an example of a family in which the leaves are always sessile. In some other plant groups, such as the speedwell genus '' Veronica'', petiolate and sessile leaves may occur in different species. In the grasses (Poaceae), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zygomorphic
Floral symmetry describes whether, and how, a flower, in particular its perianth, can be divided into two or more identical or mirror-image parts. Uncommonly, flowers may have no axis of symmetry at all, typically because their parts are spirally arranged. Actinomorphic Most flowers are actinomorphic ("star shaped", "radial"), meaning they can be divided into 3 or more identical sectors which are related to each other by rotation about the center of the flower. Typically, each sector might contain one tepal or one petal and one sepal and so on. It may or may not be possible to divide the flower into symmetrical halves by the same number of longitudinal planes passing through the axis: Oleander is an example of a flower without such mirror planes. Actinomorphic flowers are also called radially symmetrical or regular flowers. Other examples of actinomorphic flowers are the lily (''Lilium'', Liliaceae) and the buttercup (''Ranunculus'', Ranunculaceae). Zygomorphic Zygomorp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicolás Monardes
Nicolás Bautista Monardes (1493 – 10 October 1588) was a Spanish physician and botanist. Monardes published several books of varying importance. In ''Diálogo llamado pharmacodilosis'' (1536), he examines humanism and suggests studying several classical authors, principally Pedanius Dioscorides. He discusses the importance of Greek and Arab medicine in ''De Secanda Vena in pleuriti Inter Grecos et Arabes Concordia'' (1539). ''De Rosa et partibus eius'' (1540) is about roses and citrus fruits. It is known that Monardes also believed that tobacco smoke was an infallible panacea. Monardes' most significant and well known work was ''Historia medicinal de las cosas que se traen de nuestras Indias Occidentales'', published in three parts under varying titles (in 1565, 1569 and completed in 1574; unchanged reprint in 1580). This was translated into Latin by Charles de l'Écluse and into English by John Frampton with the title "Joyfull Newes out of the newfound world". Backgro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ovary (botany)
In the flowering plants, an ovary is a part of the female reproductive organ of the flower or gynoecium. Specifically, it is the part of the pistil which holds the ovule(s) and is located above or below or at the point of connection with the base of the petals and sepals. The pistil may be made up of one carpel or of several fused carpels (e.g. dicarpel or tricarpel), and therefore the ovary can contain part of one carpel or parts of several fused carpels. Above the ovary is the style and the stigma, which is where the pollen lands and germinates to grow down through the style to the ovary, and, for each individual pollen grain, to fertilize one individual ovule. Some wind pollinated flowers have much reduced and modified ovaries. Fruits A fruit is the mature, ripened ovary of a flower following double fertilization in an angiosperm. Because gymnosperms do not have an ovary but reproduce through double fertilization of unprotected ovules, they produce naked seeds that do not ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Historia Medicinal De Las Cosas Que Se Traen De Nuestras Indias Occidentales
''Historia medicinal de las cosas que se traen de nuestras Indias Occidentales'' ("Medical study of the products imported from our West Indian possessions") is the standard title for a survey by Nicolás Monardes (1493–1588), Spanish physician and botanist. It appeared in successive editions under varying titles, gradually enlarged, in 1565, 1569 and 1574, followed by an unchanged reprint in 1580. Publication details The full titles and publication details are: * 1565: ''Dos libros'' ... * 1569: . Sevilla: Hernando Diaz * 1574: . Sevilla: Alonso Escrivano * 1580: Reprint of the 1574 publication. Sevilla: Fernando Diaz English translation An English translation, by John Frampton, appeared under the title ''Joyful News out of the New Found World''. Publication details: * 1577: , translated from the 1565 Spanish edition. London * 1580: a new edition enlarged on the basis of the 1574 Spanish edition. London * 1925: (cover title: ''Frampton's Monardes''), edited by Stephen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Frampton
John Frampton was a 16th-century English merchant from the West Country, who settled in Spain, was imprisoned and tortured by the Inquisition, and escaped from Cádiz in 1567. He became a translator of Spanish works, partly inspired by revenge. His publications have a markedly anti-Spanish tone and include: * 1577: Nicolás Monardes, , translated from the 1565 Spanish edition * 1578: Fernández de Enciso, ''Geography'' * 1579: ''The most noble and famous travels of Marco Polo'' * 1579: Bernardino de Escalante, ''A discourse of the Navigation which the Portugales doe Make to the Realmes and Provinces of the East Partes of the Worlde, and of the knowledge that growes by them of the great thinges, which are in the Dominion of China'': thought to be the second European book (although small) primarily dedicated to China, and the first of them to be made available in English * 1580: Nicolás Monardes, '' Ioyfull newes out of the newe founde worlde: a new edition enlarged on the basis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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