|
Squaliformes
The Squaliformes are an order of sharks that includes about 126 species in seven families. Members of the order have two dorsal fins, which usually possess spines, they usually have a sharp head, no anal fin or nictitating membrane, and five to seven gill slits. In most other respects, however, they are quite variable in form and size. Most species of the squaliform order live in saltwater or brackish water. They are found worldwide, from northern to tropical waters, and from shallow coastal seas to the open ocean. All members of the family Etmoperidae and Dalatiidae and ''Zameus squamulosus'' possess photophores, luminous organs, and exhibit intrinsic bioluminescence. Bioluminescence evolved once in Squaliformes, approximately 111–153 million years ago, and helped the Squaliformes radiate and adapt to the deep sea. The common ancestor of Dalatiidae, Etmopteridae, Somniosidae, and Oxynotidae possessed a luminous organ and used bioluminescence for camouflage by co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Etmopterus
''Etmopterus'' is a genus of Etmopteridae, lantern sharks in the Squaliformes, squaliform family (biology), family Etmopteridae. They are found in deep sea ecosystems of the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Oceans. Ecology A number of species in this genus function as Host (biology), host to the specialized parasitic barnacle ''Anelasma squalicola'', which embeds itself into the skin of the shark and extracts nutrients from its bloodstream. Species There are currently 45 recognized species in this genus: * ''Etmopterus alphus'' David A. Ebert, Ebert, Nicolas Straube, Straube, Robin W. Leslie, Leslie & Simon Weigmann, Weigmann, 2016 (whitecheek lanternshark) * ''Etmopterus baxteri'' Jack Garrick, Garrick, 1957 (New Zealand lanternshark) * ''Etmopterus benchleyi'' Victoria Elena Vásquez, Vásquez, David A. Ebert, Ebert & Douglas J. Long, D. J. Long, 2015 (ninja lanternshark) * ''Etmopterus bigelowi'' Shigeru Shirai, Shirai & Hiroyuki Tachikawa, Tachika ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shark
Sharks are a group of elasmobranch cartilaginous fish characterized by a ribless endoskeleton, dermal denticles, five to seven gill slits on each side, and pectoral fins that are not fused to the head. Modern sharks are classified within the Division (taxonomy), division Selachii and are the sister group to the Batoidea, Batomorphi (Batoidea, rays and skate (fish), skates). Some sources extend the term "shark" as an informal category including Extinction, extinct members of Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fish) with a shark-like morphology, such as hybodonts. Shark-like chondrichthyans such as ''Cladoselache'' and ''Doliodus'' first appeared in the Devonian Period (419–359 million years), though some fossilized chondrichthyan-like scales are as old as the Ordovician, Late Ordovician (458–444 million years ago). The earliest confirmed modern sharks (Selachii) are known from the Early Jurassic around , with the oldest known member being ''Agaleus'', though records of true shar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Squalus Acanthias
The spiny dogfish (''Squalus acanthias''), spurdog, mud shark, or piked dogfish is one of the best known species of the Squalidae (dogfish) family of sharks, which is part of the Squaliformes order. While these common names may apply to several species, ''Squalus acanthias'' is distinguished by two spines (one anterior to each dorsal fin) and no anal fin. It lives in shallow waters and further offshore in most parts of the world, especially in temperate waters. Those in the northern Pacific Ocean were reevaluated in 2010 and found to constitute a separate species, now called the Pacific spiny dogfish (''Squalus suckleyi''). Description and behaviour The spiny dogfish has dorsal fins, no anal fin, and white spots along its back. The caudal fin has asymmetrical lobes, forming a heterocercal tail. The species name ''acanthias'' refers to the shark's two spines. These are used defensively. If captured, the shark can arch its back to pierce its captor with spines near the d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euprotomicroides
The taillight shark (''Euprotomicroides zantedeschia'') is a little-known species of shark in the family Dalatiidae and the only member of its genus.Stehmann, M.F.W., Van Oijen, M. & Kamminga, P. (2016): Re-description of the rare taillight shark ''Euprotomicroides zantedeschia'' (Squaliformes, Dalatiidae), based on third and fourth record from off Chile. ''Cybium, 40 (3): 187–197.'' It is known from only four specimens collected from deep oceanic waters in the southern Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean. A small shark with a laterally compressed body and a bulbous snout, this species has unusual adaptations that indicate a specialized lifestyle: its pectoral fins are paddle-like and may be used for propulsion, unlike other sharks and it has a pouch-like gland on its abdomen that emits clouds of luminescent blue fluid. This shark is likely aplacental viviparous and a formidable predator for its size. Taxonomy and phylogeny The first specimen of the taillight shark was c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deania
''Deania'' is a genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ... of long-snouted, deepwater dogfish sharks in the family Centrophoridae. Species * '' Deania calcea'' R. T. Lowe, 1839 (birdbeak dogfish) * '' Deania hystricosa'' Garman, 1906 (rough longnose dogfish) * '' Deania profundorum'' H. M. Smith & Radcliffe, 1912 (arrowhead dogfish) * '' Deania quadrispinosa'' McCulloch, 1915 (longsnout dogfish) Habitats In the North Atlantic Waters, three species of the genus ''Deania'' have been reported; ''Deania calcea'', ''Deania hystricosa'' and ''Deania profundorum''. However, in the North Spanish waters, only ''Deania calcea'' and ''Deania profundorum'' have been caught. Taxonomy ''Deania'' species have two dorsal fins with strong grooved spines, no anal fin, and a s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Centroscyllium
''Centroscyllium'' is a genus of big-eyed, deepwater dogfishes with no anal fin, a grey or black-brown body, and dorsal spines, with the second one being much larger than the first. Seven extant species are described. Species * '' Centroscyllium excelsum'' Shirai & Nakaya, 1990 (highfin dogfish) * '' Centroscyllium fabricii'' J. C. H. Reinhardt, 1825 (black dogfish) * '' Centroscyllium granulatum'' Günther, 1887 (granular dogfish) * '' Centroscyllium kamoharai'' T. Abe, 1966 (bareskin dogfish) * '' Centroscyllium nigrum'' Garman, 1899 (combtooth dogfish) * '' Centroscyllium ornatum'' Alcock, 1889 (ornate dogfish) * '' Centroscyllium ritteri'' Jordan Jordan, officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, is a country in the Southern Levant region of West Asia. Jordan is bordered by Syria to the north, Iraq to the east, Saudi Arabia to the south, and Israel and the occupied Palestinian ter ... & Fowler, 1903 (whitefin dogfish) References Shark genera Tax ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aculeola
The hooktooth dogfish, ''Aculeola nigra'', is a small, little-known dogfish, the only member of the genus ''Aculeola''. The type specimen is held at the National Natural History Museum, Santiago, Chile. Description The hooktooth dogfish has a blunt, flattened snout, very large eyes, a relatively long distance from the eye to the first gill slit, small grooved dorsal spines, a first dorsal fin about halfway between the pectoral and pelvic fins, and a broad caudal fin. They are black with a maximum length of only 60 cm. Distribution They are found in the eastern South Pacific along the coast of South America from Peru to central Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in western South America. It is the southernmost country in the world and the closest to Antarctica, stretching along a narrow strip of land between the Andes, Andes Mountains and the Paci .... Habits and habitat This shark is a little-known, yet common, shark that lives at depths ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Etmopteridae
The Etmopteridae are a family of sharks in the order Squaliformes, commonly known as lantern sharks. Their name comes from the presence of light-producing photophores on their bodies. The members of this family are small, under long, and are found in deep waters worldwide. The 45 species are placed in five genera. Three-quarters of the species are in the genus ''Etmopterus''. Genera * ''Aculeola'' * ''Centroscyllium'' * ''Etmopterus ''Etmopterus'' is a genus of Etmopteridae, lantern sharks in the Squaliformes, squaliform family (biology), family Etmopteridae. They are found in deep sea ecosystems of the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Oceans. Ecol ...'' * †'' Paraetmopterus'' * '' Trigonognathus'' References Shark families Taxa named by Henry Weed Fowler {{shark-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Squaliolus
''Squaliolus'' is a genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ... of deep-sea squaliform sharks in the family Dalatiidae. Species * ''Squaliolus aliae'' Teng, 1959 ( smalleye pygmy shark) * ''Squaliolus laticaudus'' H. M. Smith & Radcliffe, 1912 ( spined pygmy shark) See also * List of prehistoric cartilaginous fish References Shark genera Taxa named by Hugh McCormick Smith Taxa named by Lewis Radcliffe {{shark-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euprotomicrus
The pygmy shark (''Euprotomicrus bispinatus''), the second-smallest of all the shark species after the dwarf lanternshark, is a squaliform shark of the family Dalatiidae, the only member of the genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ... ''Euprotomicrus''. Their lengths are up to about 25 cm (10 in) for females and about 22 cm (8.7 in) for males. Pygmy sharks are ovoviviparous and produce about eight young in each litter. Conservation status In June 2018 the New Zealand Department of Conservation classified the pygmy shark as "Not Threatened" with the qualifier "Secure Overseas" under the New Zealand Threat Classification System. References {{DEFAULTSORT:Pygmy shark Dalatiidae Taxa named by Jean René Constant Quoy Taxa named by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isistius
''Isistius'' is a genus of dogfish sharks in the family Dalatiidae. They are commonly known as cookiecutter sharks. Members of the genus are known for their unusual behaviour and dentition. Species *''Isistius brasiliensis'' Quoy & Gaimard, 1824 ( cookiecutter shark) *''Isistius plutodus'' Garrick & S. Springer, 1964 ( largetooth cookiecutter shark) *†'' Isistius triangulus'' Probst, 1879 *†'' Isistius trituratus'' Winkler, 1876 Habits The cookiecutter sharks, or cigar sharks, are unusual in the manner in which they replace their teeth. Instead of replacing teeth singly as they get damaged or lost, for example in hunting, such sharks replace the whole set. They can repeat such replacement throughout their lifetimes. Cookiecutter sharks often attack large shoals of fish, but have been known to circle fishing vessels to get an easy meal. They are particularly notorious for biting small chunks off of a prey animal in passing. Large prey, such as swordfish and cetacea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mollisquama
''Mollisquama'' is a genus of pocket sharks in the family Dalatiidae. There are two known species each only known from a single specimen; one found off the coast of Chile and the other found in the Gulf of Mexico The Gulf of Mexico () is an oceanic basin and a marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean, mostly surrounded by the North American continent. It is bounded on the northeast, north, and northwest by the Gulf Coast of the United States; on the southw .... Species There are currently two known species:Katz, Brigit. "This New Shark Species Looks Like a Tiny Sperm Whale". ''Smithsonian''. Retrieved 01 January 2021. * '' Mollisquama mississippiensis'' * '' Mollisquama parini'' References Dalatiidae Shark genera {{Shark-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
