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Polemoniaceae Genera
The Polemoniaceae (Jacob's-ladder or phlox family) are a family of flowering plants consisting of about 25 genera with 270–400 species of annuals and perennials native to the Northern Hemisphere and South America, with the center of diversity in western North America. Only one genus (''Polemonium'') is found in Europe, and two (''Phlox'' and ''Polemonium'') in Asia, where they are confined to cool temperate to arctic regions; both genera also occur more widely in North America, suggesting relatively recent colonization of the Old World from North America. The family can be distinguished from most other eudicot families by the ovary made up of three fused carpels (usually with three chambers, but with one chamber in some species). The members of the family have five sepals, five petals fused, and five stamens that alternate with the lobes of the corolla. For decades, most sources used a classification of the family published by Grant in 1959, but new evidence, includi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antoine-Laurent De Jussieu
Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier ( , ; ; 26 August 17438 May 1794), CNRS () also Antoine Lavoisier after the , was a and who was central to the 18th-century |
Leptodactylon
''Linanthus'' is a genus of annual and perennial plants in the phlox family Polemoniaceae. The species are found in western North America and in Chile, with the greatest diversity in California. The stems are erect, with multiple branches arising directly from the base, and grow 2–15 cm tall. The leaves are stem-like (''cauline'') and opposite, with shapes ranging from entire to palmately lobed, the 3-9 lobes being linear to lanceolate or spatulate. Flowers have a tubular calyx, and the corolla may be funnel- or bell-shaped, or . The genus name is from the Greek for "flax flower", since the flowers superficially resemble those of flax. The genus has recently been split, with many of the species formerly included now transferred to the genus '' Leptosiphon'' (Jepson Manual). ;Selected species * '' Linanthus bellus'' (Gray) Greene * '' Linanthus bigelovii'' (A. Gray) Greene * '' Linanthus concinnus'' Milliken * '' Linanthus demissus'' (A. Gray) Greene * '' Linanthus di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Species
In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. Other ways of defining species include their karyotype, DNA sequence, morphology, behaviour or ecological niche. In addition, paleontologists use the concept of the chronospecies since fossil reproduction cannot be examined. The most recent rigorous estimate for the total number of species of eukaryotes is between 8 and 8.7 million. However, only about 14% of these had been described by 2011. All species (except viruses) are given a two-part name, a "binomial". The first part of a binomial is the genus to which the species belongs. The second part is called the specific name or the specific epithet (in botanical nomenclature, also sometimes i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family (taxonomy), family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. ''Panthera leo'' (lion) and ''Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomy (biology), taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flowering Plant
Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants that produce their seeds enclosed within a fruit. They are by far the most diverse group of land plants with 64 orders, 416 families, approximately 13,000 known genera and 300,000 known species. Angiosperms were formerly called Magnoliophyta (). Like gymnosperms, angiosperms are seed-producing plants. They are distinguished from gymnosperms by characteristics including flowers, endosperm within their seeds, and the production of fruits that contain the seeds. The ancestors of flowering plants diverged from the common ancestor of all living gymnosperms before the end of the Carboniferous, over 300 million years ago. The closest fossil relatives of flowering plants are uncertain and contentious. The earliest angiosperm fossils ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Family (biology)
Family ( la, familia, plural ') is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between order and genus. A family may be divided into subfamilies, which are intermediate ranks between the ranks of family and genus. The official family names are Latin in origin; however, popular names are often used: for example, walnut trees and hickory trees belong to the family Juglandaceae, but that family is commonly referred to as the "walnut family". What belongs to a family—or if a described family should be recognized at all—are proposed and determined by practicing taxonomists. There are no hard rules for describing or recognizing a family, but in plants, they can be characterized on the basis of both vegetative and reproductive features of plant species. Taxonomists often take different positions about descriptions, and there may be no broad consensus across the scientific community for some time. The publishing of new data and opini ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saltugilia
''Saltugilia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the phlox family, Polemoniaceae. They are known commonly as woodland gilias.Porter, J. M. and L. A. Johnson. (2000)A phylogenetic classification of Polemoniaceae. ''Aliso'' 19(1) 55-91. There are four species. Two are endemic to California in the United States, and the distributions of the other two extend into Baja California in Mexico. This genus was erected in the year 2000 to segregate three species from the genus ''Gilia'' on the basis of phylogenetic evidence. Analysis of DNA was used in the formation of the new taxon, and studies of other characteristics of the plants, such as morphological, palynological, and ecological traits, were considered. ''Saltugilia'' was a section of genus ''Gilia''. These three species were classified in the new genus ''Saltugilia'', and the fourth was newly described to science in 2001.Weese, T. L. and L. A. Johnson. (2011)''Saltugilia latimeri'': A new species of Polemoniaceae.''Madroño'' 4 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polemonium
''Polemonium'', commonly called Jacob's ladders or Jacob's-ladders (the name derived from the Biblical story), is a genus of between 25 and 40 species of flowering plants in the family Polemoniaceae, native to cool temperate to arctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere. One species also occurs in the southern Andes in South America. Many of the species grow at high altitudes, in mountainous areas. Most of the uncertainty in the number of species relates to those in Eurasia, many of which have been synonymized with '' Polemonium caeruleum''. ''Polemonium'' are perennial plants (rarely annual plants) growing 10–120 cm tall with bright green leaves divided into lance-shaped leaflets. They produce blue (rarely white or pink) flowers in the spring and summer. Some species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including '' Coleophora polemoniella''. Species Kew's Plants of the World Online accepts 37 species. Many are locally known sim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phlox
''Phlox'' (; Greek φλόξ "flame"; plural "phlox" or "phloxes", Greek φλόγες ''phlóges'') is a genus of 67 species of perennial and annual plants in the family Polemoniaceae. They are found mostly in North America (one in Siberia) in diverse habitats from alpine tundra to open woodland and prairie. Some flower in spring, others in summer and fall. Flowers may be pale blue, violet, pink, bright red, or white. Many are fragrant. Description The name is derived from the Greek word ''phlox'' meaning flame in reference to the intense flower colors of some varieties. Fertilized flowers typically produce one relatively large seed. The fruit is a longitudinally dehiscent capsule with three or more valves that sometimes separate explosively. Some species such as '' P. paniculata'' (garden phlox) grow upright, while others such as '' P. subulata'' (moss phlox, moss pink, mountain phlox) grow short and matlike. Paniculata or tall phlox, is a native American wildflower that is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Navarretia
''Navarretia'' is a genus of about 30 species of flowering plants related to the phloxes and the gilias. This is one genus of plants, among others, which are sometimes called pincushionplants. The inflorescence which bears the flowers is surrounded by frilly green bracts bearing soft spines, giving it the appearance of a pincushion. Several species are members of the vernal pool ecosystem. Selected species: *''Navarretia atractyloides'' - hollyleaf pincushionplant *'' Navarretia breweri'' - Brewer's pincushionplant *'' Navarretia capillaris'' - miniature gilia *''Navarretia cotulifolia'' - cotulaleaf pincushionplant *''Navarretia divaricata'' - divaricate navarretia *''Navarretia eriocephala'' - hoary pincushionplant *'' Navarretia filicaulis'' - threadstem pincushionplant *''Navarretia fossalis'' - vernal pool pincushionplant *'' Navarretia hamata'' - hooked pincushionplant *'' Navarretia heterandra'' - Tehama pincushionplant *''Navarretia heterodoxa'' - Calistoga pincushionplan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Microsteris
''Microsteris'' is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the phlox family containing the single species ''Microsteris gracilis'', known by the common name slender phlox. The segregation of this species into a genus of its own is controversial, and many botanists continue to include the plant in genus ''Phlox''. Genetic analysis is continuing. Distribution ''Microsteris gracilis'' is native to western North America from northwestern Canada to the American Midwest and West Coast, through Mexico, as well as parts of South America. It is native to all the diverse plant communities in California. Description ''Microsteris gracilis'' is an annual herb which is variable in shape, taking a decumbent, branching, sometimes almost tuftlike form or growing erect and very slender. Its maximum height approaches 20 centimeters, but it may be much smaller. The lance-shaped leaves are 1 to 3 centimeters long and oppositely arranged except for the upper ones, which are alternate. The herba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Loeseliastrum
''Loeseliastrum'' (calico) is a small genus of flowering plants in the phlox family. Species include: *'' Loeseliastrum depressum'' - depressed ipomopsis *'' Loeseliastrum matthewsii'' - desert calico *'' Loeseliastrum schottii'' - Schott's calico References External linksJepson Manual Treatment Polemoniaceae Polemoniaceae genera {{Solanales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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