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Ottilien Languages
The Ottilien or Watam-Awar-Gamay languages languages are a small family of clearly related languages, : Watam– Kaian, Gamei (Mbore), and Bosman–Awar. They are generally classified among the Ramu languages of northern Papua New Guinea. The Ottilien languages are all spoken in Yawar Rural LLG, in locations mostly along the coast of Madang Province, Papua New Guinea. Watam and Bosman share plural morphology with Lower Sepik (Nor–Pondo), supporting the Ramu – Lower Sepik language-family proposal. The family is named for the mouth of the Ottilien River, now known as the Ramu. Phonemes Usher (2020) reconstructs the consonant inventory as follows: : : Pronouns Pronouns in proto-Watam-Awar-Gamay (proto-Ottilien) reconstructed by Foley (2005) are: : See also Lower Ramu languages#Pronouns. Usher (2020) reconstructs the pronouns as: : Proto-Ottilien A phonological reconstruction of proto-Watam-Awar-Gamay (proto-Ottilien) has been proposed by Foley (2005). ;proto-W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yawar Rural LLG
Yawar Rural LLG is a local-level government (LLG) of Madang Province, Papua New Guinea. The Lower Ramu languages (Ottilien–Misegian) are all spoken in this LLG. Wards *01. Marangis ( Marangis language speakers) *02. Kaiyan (Kaian language speakers) *03. Boroi ( Mbore language speakers) *04. Buliva *05. Daiden *06. Dongan ( Bosmun language speakers) *07. Awar ( Awar language speakers) *08. Nubia *09. Birap *10. Rugusak *11. Ambu *13. Sepa ( Sepen language speakers) *14. Rugasak *15. Banag *16. Giri Tung (Giri language speakers) *17. Damangap *18. Kumnung *19. Minung *20. Kuarak *21. Mikarew ( Mikarew language speakers) *22. Abegini *23. Dinam Adui *24. Apengan *25. Ariangon *26. Amba Arep *27. Aringen Gun *28. Dimuk Sirin *29. Giar Wazamb *30. Andeamarup *31. Duapmung *32. Andarum *33. Ingamuk *34. Barit *35. Kayoma *36. Bang Wokam (Gorovu language Gorovu is a nearly extinct Ramu language of Papua New Guinea. It is spoken in the two villages of: *Bangapela village, Bang Wokam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottilien River
The Ramu River is a major river in northern Papua New Guinea. The headwaters of the river are formed in the Kratke Range from where it then travels about northwest to the Bismarck Sea. Along the Ramu's course, it receives numerous tributaries from the Bismarck Range to the south and the Finisterre and Adelbert. History For many millennia, people have lived along the river, and the river has formed the basis for food, transport, and culture. German exploration The area encompassed by the Ramu was part of Kaiser-Wilhelmsland when Germany established German New Guinea in 1884. The Germans were quick to explore their territory, and the mouth of the Ramu was discovered in 1886 by Vice-Admiral Freiherr von Schleinitz after returning to Finschhafen from an expedition to the nearby Sepik.Souter (1963) p. 73 Schleinitz called the Ramu, ''Ottilien'' after his ship the ''Ottilie''. The course of the river was first discovered 10 years later in 1896 after Dr Carl Lauterbach, a bot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wiktionary
Wiktionary ( , , rhyming with "dictionary") is a multilingual, web-based project to create a free content dictionary of terms (including words, phrases, proverbs, linguistic reconstructions, etc.) in all natural languages and in a number of artificial languages. These entries may contain definitions, images for illustration, pronunciations, etymologies, inflections, usage examples, quotations, related terms, and translations of terms into other languages, among other features. It is collaboratively edited via a wiki. Its name is a portmanteau of the words ''wiki'' and ''dictionary''. It is available in languages and in Simple English. Like its sister project Wikipedia, Wiktionary is run by the Wikimedia Foundation, and is written collaboratively by volunteers, dubbed "Wiktionarians". Its wiki software, MediaWiki, allows almost anyone with access to the website to create and edit entries. Because Wiktionary is not limited by print space considerations, most of Wiktio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Igom Language
Kanggape a.k.a. Igom is a Ramu language of Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea (abbreviated PNG; , ; tpi, Papua Niugini; ho, Papua Niu Gini), officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea ( tpi, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niugini; ho, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niu Gini), is a country i .... Together with Andarum, there were speakers in 1981. References Ataitan languages Languages of Madang Province {{papuan-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tangu Language
Tanggu (Tangu, Tanggum) is a Ramu language of Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea (abbreviated PNG; , ; tpi, Papua Niugini; ho, Papua Niu Gini), officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea ( tpi, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niugini; ho, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niu Gini), is a country i .... Phonology * /m/ can occur syllabically ̩word-initially. * /ʁ/ is heard as before /i/. * /ⁿdʒ/ is pronounced ~jin the Wagi dialect. * /ɨ/ almost always occurs only in unstressed syllables and diphthongs. Additionally, the following diphthongs have been observed: /ia/, /ɨa/, /ai/, /ui/, /au/, /ua/. /ai/ is realised as word-finally. References Ataitan languages Languages of Madang Province {{papuan-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tanggu Languages
The Ataitan languages, also known as the Tanggu or Moam River languages, are a small family of clearly related languages spoken in the region of the Moam River in Papua New Guinea. They are, * Andarum (Kaje) * Tanguat * Igom + Tangu (Tanggu) Z'graggen named the family "Ataitan" as an acronym of the language names. Usher names it after the local river. They are classified among the Ramu languages of northern Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea (abbreviated PNG; , ; tpi, Papua Niugini; ho, Papua Niu Gini), officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea ( tpi, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niugini; ho, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niu Gini), is a country i .... Phonemes Usher (2020) reconstructs the consonant inventory as follows: : Vowels are *i *ʉ *u *a. Pronouns Usher (2020) reconstructs the pronouns as: : Plus 1sg object *na. Proto-Tamolan–Ataitan (Proto-Guam–Moam) is nearly identical, except for not having the ɣsuffixes, and the final vowels of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikarew Language
Aruamu a.k.a. Mikarew (Mikarup, Makarup, Makarub), also ''Ariawiai (Mikarew-Ariaw),'' is a Ramu language spoken in Mikarew village () of Yawar Rural LLG, Madang Province, Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea (abbreviated PNG; , ; tpi, Papua Niugini; ho, Papua Niu Gini), officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea ( tpi, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niugini; ho, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niu Gini), is a country i .... References Misegian languages Languages of Madang Province {{papuan-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kire Language
Kire (Giri) is a Ramu language of Giri village () in Yawar Rural LLG, Madang Province, Papua New Guinea. Phonology Out of all the Ramu languages The Ramu languages are a family of some thirty languages of Northern Papua New Guinea. They were identified as a family by John Z'graggen in 1971 and linked with the Sepik languages by Donald Laycock two years later. Malcolm Ross (2005) classifi ..., Kire has the most complex consonant phonemic inventory. The Kire consonants are: : Orthography Kire orthography: References {{Ramu–Lower Sepik languages Misegian languages Languages of Madang Province ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Misegian Languages
The Misegian, also known as Mikarew or Ruboni Range languages, are a small family of clearly related languages, : Giri, Sepen, and Mikarew (Aruamu). They are generally classified among the Ramu languages of northern Papua New Guinea. The Misegian languages are all spoken in Yawar Rural LLG, Madang Province, Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea (abbreviated PNG; , ; tpi, Papua Niugini; ho, Papua Niu Gini), officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea ( tpi, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niugini; ho, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niu Gini), is a country i .... Phonemes Usher (2020) reconstructs the consonant inventory as follows: : : Pronouns Usher reconstructs the pronouns as: : As of 2020, these are tagged for revision. References External links * Timothy Usher, New Guinea WorldProto–Ruboni Range {{Ramu–Lower Sepik languages Lower Ramu languages Languages of Madang Province ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bosmun Language
Bosman (Bosmun, Bosngun) is a Ramu language of Papua New Guinea. It is spoken five villages of Dongan ward, Yawar Rural LLG, Madang Province (). Like Watam, it shares a number of irregular plural markers with the Lower Sepik languages The Lower Sepik a.k.a. Nor–Pondo languages are a small language family of East Sepik Province in northern Papua New Guinea. They were identified as a family by K Laumann in 1951 under the name Nor–Pondo, and included in Donald Laycock's now-d ..., supporting the proposal of a Ramu – Lower Sepik language family. References External links Rosetta Project: Bosmun Swadesh List Ottilien languages Languages of Madang Province Languages of East Sepik Province {{papuan-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gamay Language
Mbore (Borei, Mborei) a.k.a. Gamei (Gamai) is a Lower Ramu language of Papua New Guinea. It is spoken in the villages of Gamei () and Boroi in Yawar Rural LLG, Bogia District, Madang Province. Its closest relatives are the Watam and Kaian languages, both of which lie upriver from Kopar, a village situated at the mouth of the Sepik River The Sepik () is the longest river on the island of New Guinea, and the second largest in Oceania by discharge volume after the Fly River. The majority of the river flows through the Papua New Guinea (PNG) provinces of Sandaun (formerly West Sepi .... References Ottilien languages Languages of Madang Province {{papuan-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
