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Ngumbin Languages
Ngumbin (or Ngumpin) languages are a small language family of Australia, consisting of (from west to east): *Walmajarri *Djaru * Gurindji (Gurindji proper, Bilinarra, Wanyjirra, Malngin, Ngarinyman) *Mudburra In 2004 it was demonstrated that Ngumbin is related to the neighboring Ngarrkic languages. See also *Ngumpit, a name used by the Gurindji, Malngin, Bilinara, Mudburra and Ngarinyman The Ngarinman or Ngarinyman people are an Aboriginal Australian people of the Northern Territory who spoke the Ngarinyman language. Country According to an estimate made by Norman Tindale, the Ngarinman held some of territory. Their central do ... peoples to refer to themselves as a group Footnotes References *McConvell and Laughren (2004) "The Ngumpin–Yapa subgroup". In Claire Bowern & Harold Koch, ''Australian Languages: Classification and the Comparative Method.'' Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company. Indigenous Australian languages in Western Australia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Western Australia
Western Australia (commonly abbreviated as WA) is a state of Australia occupying the western percent of the land area of Australia excluding external territories. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the north and west, the Southern Ocean to the south, the Northern Territory to the north-east, and South Australia to the south-east. Western Australia is Australia's largest state, with a total land area of . It is the second-largest country subdivision in the world, surpassed only by Russia's Sakha Republic. the state has 2.76 million inhabitants percent of the national total. The vast majority (92 percent) live in the south-west corner; 79 percent of the population lives in the Perth area, leaving the remainder of the state sparsely populated. The first Europeans to visit Western Australia belonged to the Dutch Dirk Hartog expedition, who visited the Western Australian coast in 1616. The first permanent European colony of Western Australia occurred following the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ngumpit
The Gurindji are an Aboriginal Australian people of northern Australia, southwest of Katherine in the Northern Territory's Victoria River region. Language and culture Gurindji is one of the eastern Ngumbin languages, in the Ngumbin-Yapa subgroup of Pama-Nyungan languages. It is however characterised by a high level of adoption of loanwords from non Pama-Nyungan sources. Gurindji Kriol is a mixed language, mostly spoken at Kalkaringi and Daguragu along with Gurindji and English. Gurindji people share many similarities in language and culture with the neighbouring Warlpiri people. They also regard themselves as "one mob" with the Malngin, Bilinara, Mudburra and Ngarinyman peoples, referring to themselves as a group named Ngumpit, sharing "most of our languages and culture". Among the Ngumpit, there are four skin names for boys, such as Janama and Japarta, and four for girls, such as Nangala and Nawurla. These are inherited at birth and kept for life, determining all of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ngumbin Languages
Ngumbin (or Ngumpin) languages are a small language family of Australia, consisting of (from west to east): *Walmajarri *Djaru * Gurindji (Gurindji proper, Bilinarra, Wanyjirra, Malngin, Ngarinyman) *Mudburra In 2004 it was demonstrated that Ngumbin is related to the neighboring Ngarrkic languages. See also *Ngumpit, a name used by the Gurindji, Malngin, Bilinara, Mudburra and Ngarinyman The Ngarinman or Ngarinyman people are an Aboriginal Australian people of the Northern Territory who spoke the Ngarinyman language. Country According to an estimate made by Norman Tindale, the Ngarinman held some of territory. Their central do ... peoples to refer to themselves as a group Footnotes References *McConvell and Laughren (2004) "The Ngumpin–Yapa subgroup". In Claire Bowern & Harold Koch, ''Australian Languages: Classification and the Comparative Method.'' Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company. Indigenous Australian languages in Western Australia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ngarinyman
The Ngarinman or Ngarinyman people are an Aboriginal Australian people of the Northern Territory who spoke the Ngarinyman language. Country According to an estimate made by Norman Tindale, the Ngarinman held some of territory. Their central domain was the Wickham River, an early writer, W. Willshire, placing them to the west of that ephemeral watercourse. Tindale adds that they inhabited the area of the Upper Victoria River, about Jasper Creek, and to the west of the Victoria River Downs, and places their southern boundary at ''Munjun'' (Mount Sanford). Their western frontier lay at Limbunya. Language An Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies (AIATSIS) project to counteract loss of Indigenous languages has helped produce a Ngarinyman to English Dictionary in 2019.url=https://www.newsouthbooks.com.au/books/ngarinyman-english-dictionary/ Alternative names * ''Ngainman, Ngainmun.'' * ''Ngrainmun.'' * ''Hainman.'' (local white exonym) * ''Hyneman.'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mudburra
The Mudburra, also spelt Mudbara and other variants, are an Aboriginal Australian people of the Northern Territory. Language Mudburra is one of the far eastern forms of the Pama-Nyungan Ngumbin languages. Country The Mudburra people live in the thick scrub area near and west of the Murranji Track (the Ghost Road of the Drovers) and held in Tindale's estimation some of land, centered on the junction of the Armstrong River and the upper Victoria River at a place called ''Tjambutjambulani''. Their northern reach ran as far as Top Springs, their frontier to the south lay aCattle Creek In an east–west axis, their land extended from near Newcastle Waters to the Camfield River. Alternative names * ''Madbara'' * ''Moodburra, Mootburra'' * ''Mudbara'' * ''Mudbera'' * ''Mudbra'' * ''Mudbura'' * ''Mudburra'' * ''Mulpira''. (Iliaura exonym) Source: See also *Ngumpit, a name used by the Gurindji, Malngin, Bilinara, Mudburra and Ngarinyman peoples to refer to themselves as a g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bilinara
The Bilinarra, also spelt Bilingara and Bilinara, are an Aboriginal Australian people of the Northern Territory. Language The Bilinarra language is classified as an eastern variety of one of the Pama-Nyungan Ngumbin languages. It is mutually intelligible with Gurindji and the dialect spoken by the neighbouring Ngarinman people. Bilinarra is considered a dialect of Ngarinyman, though it shares more vocabulary with Gurindji. There are no structural features that are unique to Bilinarra and linguists would consider all three languages to be dialects of a single language, but speakers of these languages consider them to be different. Elements of their tongue were first recorded by a police constable W. H. Willshire (who was later charged with murder) in 1896. By 2013, only one person was alive who spoke it as their primary language though it inflects the variety of Kriol spoken by Bilinarra children. Bilinarra is native to the Victoria River District of the Northern Territory of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malngin
The Malngin are an Aboriginal Australian people of the Kimberley region of Western Australia. The Malngin language was a dialect of Gurindj. Country Norman Tindale estimated their tribal lands to have encompassed some and placed their western frontier at Flecker Creek on the upper Ord River. Their north-northeastern extension ran to Lissadell, Rosewood, and the Argyle Downs. Their western boundaries lay around the eastern scarp of the Carr Boyd Range at Carlton Gorge. Their eastern reach ran only so far as the Ord River valley and the lower Negri River. The southern frontier was marked by the junction where the Nicholson River meets the Ord River. Their neighbours were the Miriwung to their north, and running clockwise, on their eastern wing, in what is now the Northern Territory, were the Mariu. The Djaru lay directly south, and the Gija were along their western flank, with the border between the two running north along the track from Halls Creek to Wyndham. Alternati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gurindji People
The Gurindji are an Aboriginal Australian people of northern Australia, southwest of Katherine in the Northern Territory's Victoria River region. Language and culture Gurindji is one of the eastern Ngumbin languages, in the Ngumbin-Yapa subgroup of Pama-Nyungan languages. It is however characterised by a high level of adoption of loanwords from non Pama-Nyungan sources. Gurindji Kriol is a mixed language, mostly spoken at Kalkaringi and Daguragu along with Gurindji and English. Gurindji people share many similarities in language and culture with the neighbouring Warlpiri people. They also regard themselves as "one mob" with the Malngin, Bilinara, Mudburra and Ngarinyman peoples, referring to themselves as a group named Ngumpit, sharing "most of our languages and culture". Among the Ngumpit, there are four skin names for boys, such as Janama and Japarta, and four for girls, such as Nangala and Nawurla. These are inherited at birth and kept for life, determining all of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ngarrkic Languages
The Ngarrkic (Ngarga) or Yapa languages are a small language family of Central Australia, consisting of the two closely related languages Warlmanpa language, Warlmanpa and the more populous Warlpiri language, Warlpiri. The family was named after the common word for ''initiated man'' in the member languages, ngarrka (). Ngarga is an older spelling. In about 2000 an alternate name was suggested, yapa, based on the word for ''aboriginal man'' in the two languages. In 2004 it was demonstrated that Ngarrkic is related to the neighboring Ngumpin languages. Footnotes References *McConvell and Laughren (2004) "The Ngumpin–Yapa subgroup". In Claire Bowern & Harold Koch, ''Australian Languages: Classification and the Comparative Method.'' Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company. *Dixon, R. M. W. (2002). ''Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development.'' Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Ngarrkic languages, Indigenous Australian languages in the No ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Northern Territory
The Northern Territory (commonly abbreviated as NT; formally the Northern Territory of Australia) is an states and territories of Australia, Australian territory in the central and central northern regions of Australia. The Northern Territory shares its borders with Western Australia to the west (129th meridian east), South Australia to the south (26th parallel south), and Queensland to the east (138th meridian east). To the north, the territory looks out to the Timor Sea, the Arafura Sea and the Gulf of Carpentaria, including Western New Guinea and other islands of the Indonesian archipelago. The NT covers , making it the third-largest Australian federal division, and List of country subdivisions by area, the 11th-largest country subdivision in the world. It is sparsely populated, with a population of only 249,000 – fewer than half as many people as in Tasmania. The largest population center is the capital city of Darwin, Northern Territory, Darwin. The archaeological hist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mudburra Language
Mudburra, also spelt Mudbura, Mudbarra and other variants, and also known as Pinkangama, is an Aboriginal language of Australia. McConvell suspects Karrangpurru was a dialect of Mudburra because people said it was similar. However, it is undocumented and thus formally unclassifiable. The language Mudburra is native to the western area of Barkly Region, southern area of Sturt Plateau and eastern area of Victoria River District, in Northern Territory Australia. Furthermore, the areas in which the Mudbura people live are Yingawunarri (Top Springs), Marlinja (Newcastle Waters Station), Kulumindini (Elliott) and Stuart Highway. Information from the 2016 Australian census documented that there were 96 people speaking the Mudburra language, while other reports state that fewer than 10 people speak it fluently. It was also reported that children do not learn the traditional form of the language any more. Classification The Mudbura language is classified under the family Pama- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gurindji Language
Gurindji is a Pama–Nyungan language spoken by the Gurindji and Ngarinyman people in the Northern Territory, Australia. The language of the Gurindji is highly endangered, with about 592 speakers remaining and only 175 of those speakers fully understanding the language. There are in addition about 60 speakers of Ngarinyman dialect. Gurindji Kriol is a mixed language that derives from the Gurindji language. Patrick McConvell writes: "Traditional Gurindji today is only generally spoken in private contexts between older people, although it is occasionally used in speeches and newly composed songs." Patrick McConvell also states: "Gurindji has been taught intermittently for short periods as a subject in the local school over the last twenty-five years but mostly has had no role in the curriculum or in official community functions." The Gurindji language has borrowed many words from surrounding languages such as Gajirrabeng, Ngaliwurru, Jaminjung, Jaru, Miriwung, and Wardaman ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
