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Membracoidea
The superfamily Membracoidea of sap-sucking true-bugs includes two of the largest families within what used to be called the "Homoptera": the leafhoppers ( Cicadellidae) and the treehoppers ( Membracidae). The other families in this group are quite small, and have, at various points, generally been included as members within other families, though they are all presently considered to be valid, monophyletic groups. The relict family Myerslopiidae is restricted to New Zealand and South America while the Melizoderidae consist of two genera restricted to South America. The great diversity of Neotropical taxa suggests that the group originated in that region. The Membracoidea share the following anatomical characteristics, a tentorium The tentorium (plural tentoria) is a term used to refer to the framework of internal supports within an arthropod head. The tentorium is formed by ingrowths of the exoskeleton, called apodeme An exoskeleton () . is a skeleton that is on the ex . ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leafhopper
Leafhopper is the common name for any species from the family (biology), family Cicadellidae: based on the type genus ''Cicadella''. These minute insects, colloquially known as hoppers, are plant feeders that suck plant sap from grass, shrubs, or trees. Their hind legs are modified for jumping, and are covered with hairs that facilitate the spreading of a secretion over their bodies that acts as a water repellent and carrier of pheromones. They undergo a partial metamorphosis, and have various host associations, varying from very generalized to very specific. Some species have a cosmopolitan distribution, or occur throughout the temperate and tropical regions. Some are pests or Vector (epidemiology), vectors of plant viruses and phytoplasmas. The family is distributed all over the world, and constitutes the second-largest hemipteran family, with at least 20,000 described species. They belong to a lineage traditionally treated as infraorder Cicadomorpha in the suborder Auchenorrhy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aetalionidae
Aetalionidae are a family of treehoppers in the superfamily Membracoidea. Aetalionidae are somewhat like Membracidae in that they have one to three rows of short spines on the hind tibia but differ in having the front femur fused to the trochanter and the scutellum is completely exposed. The females have finger-like protrusions on the genital capsule. The family is mostly Neotropical. The subfamily Biturritiinae is Neotropical while the subfamily Aetalioninae has a Neotropical genus '' Aetalion'' and the sole Old World representative genus ''Darthula'' with a single species '' Darthula hardwickii'' (which is eaten in parts of China and India). They form aggregations on the branches of trees where they produce honeydew and are associated with ants and stingless bees. Aetalionid treehoppers are also known for their maternal care with females standing guard over their eggs. When disturbed, species like ''Darthula hardwickii'' are known to raise their tails in a threatening postur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cicadomorpha
Cicadomorpha is an infraorder of the insect order Hemiptera which contains the cicadas, leafhoppers, treehoppers, and spittlebugs. There are approximately 35,000 described species worldwide. Distributed worldwide, all members of this group are plant-feeders, and many produce either audible sounds or substrate vibrations as a form of communication. The earliest fossils of cicadomorphs first appear during the Late Permian. Notable extinct members include the "giant cicadas" belonging to Palaeontinidae. Classification Some authors use the name Clypeorrhyncha (from the Latin ''clypeus'' and the Greek Greek may refer to: Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor of all kno ... ῥύγχος ''rhúnkhos'', 'shielded nose') as a replacement for the extant Cicadomorpha. Nymphs of many Cicadomorphans coat them ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archijassidae
Archijassidae is an extinct family of leafhoppers known from the Late Triassic to the early Late Cretaceous. It is the oldest member of Membracoidea, and is considered ancestral to modern leafhoppers and treehoppers. Taxonomy Shcherbakov 2012 divided the family into 3 subfamilies, Shcherbakov considered the subfamily Dellasharinae to be ancestral to modern treehoppers and leafhoppers. * †'' Formosixinia'' Chen and Wang 2019 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian ** †''Formosixinia aeterna'' Chen and Wang 2019 * †subfamily Archijassinae Becker-Migdisova 1962 ** †'' Archijassus'' Handlirsch 1906 *** †''Archijassus heeri'' Geinitz 1880 Green Series, Germany, Toarcian *** †''Archijassus minimus'' Martynov 1926 Karabastau Formation, Kazakhstan, Callovian *** †''Archijassus minutus'' Heer 1865 Insektenmergel Formation, Switzerland, Hettangian *** †''Archijassus morio'' Heer 1865 Insektenmergel Formation, Switzerland, Hettangian *** †''Archijassus plurinervis'' Zhang 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Melizoderidae
Melizoderidae is a family of treehoppers restricted to South America with only two genera, ''Melizoderes'' and ''Llanquihuea''. The nymphs of melizoderids have the tergum of the 9th segment concealing the anal opening from above. The frontoclypeus (forehead) is convex and extended forward and below. The pronotum extends forward and above but not backward over the scutellum which is keeled posteriorly. References External links Melizoderidae {{Taxonbar, from=Q1946888 Hemiptera families Fauna of the Neotropical realm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Myerslopiidae
Myerslopiidae is a family of tree-hoppers which consist of about 20 species in three genera with a distribution limited to New Zealand and Chile. Adult hoppers have a strongly sclerotized body with elytra-like tegmina meeting along the median. The hindwing is undeveloped. Based on observations on '' Mapuchea chilensis'', they are thought to feed on phloem sap. They were formerly mistakenly placed as a tribe within the Ulopinae ( Cicadellidae) by Evans and then raised to subfamily rank before being moved to a different suborder. References External links Myserslopiidae from New Zealand {{taxonbar, from=Q1952031 Hemiptera families Auchenorrhyncha families Hemiptera of New Zealand Hemiptera of South America ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nymph (biology)
In biology, a nymph (from Ancient Greek wikt:νύμφα, νύμφα ''nūmphē'' meaning "bride") is the juvenile (organism), juvenile form of some invertebrates, particularly insects, which undergoes gradual metamorphosis (biology), metamorphosis (hemimetabolism) before reaching its adult stage. Unlike a typical larva, a nymph's overall form already resembles that of the adult, except for a lack of wings (in winged species) and the emergence of genitalia. In addition, while a nymph ecdysis, moults, it never enters a pupal stage. Instead, the final moult results in an adult insect. Nymphs undergo multiple stages of development called instars. Taxa with nymph stages Many species of Arthropod, arthropods have nymph stages. This includes the insect orders such as Orthoptera (cricket (insect), crickets, grasshoppers and locusts), Hemiptera (cicadas, shield bugs, Whitefly, whiteflies, aphids, leafhoppers, froghoppers, treehoppers), mayfly, mayflies, termites, cockroaches, mantises, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treehopper
Treehoppers (more precisely typical treehoppers to distinguish them from the Aetalionidae) and thorn bugs are members of the family Membracidae, a group of insects related to the cicadas and the leafhoppers. About 3,200 species of treehoppers in over 400 genera are known.Treehoppers. Dr. Metcalf. NCSU Libraries. North Carolina State University. They are found on all continents except Antarctica; only five species are known from . Individual treehoppers usually live for only a few months. Morphology Treehoppers, due to their unusual appearance, have long interested |
