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Kulin Nation
The Kulin nation is an alliance of five Aboriginal nations in south central Victoria, Australia. Their collective territory extends around Port Phillip and Western Port, up into the Great Dividing Range and the Loddon and Goulburn River valleys. Before British colonisation, the tribes spoke five related languages. These languages are spoken by two groups: the Eastern Kulin group of Woiwurrung, Boonwurrung, Taungurung and Ngurai-illam-wurrung; and the western language group of just Wathaurung. The central Victoria area has been inhabited for an estimated 40,000 years before European settlement. At the time of British settlement in the 1830s, the collective populations of the Woiwurrung, Boonwurrung and Wathaurong tribes of the Kulin nation was estimated to be under 20,000. The Kulin lived by fishing, cultivating murnong (also called yam daisy; ''Microseris'') as well as hunting and gathering, and made a sustainable living from the rich food sources of Port Phillip and the sur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kulin Map
Kulin may refer to: Places *Kulin, Western Australia, a small town in Australia ** Shire of Kulin, a local government area *Kulin, Iran, a village near Tehran *Kulin, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, a village in south-west Poland *Kulin, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, a village in north-central Poland * 3019 Kulin, a main-belt asteroid Other uses *Kulin people, an Australian Aboriginal nation *Kulin languages, a group of Australian languages *Kulin Brahmin, a clan of India *Kulin Kayastha, a clan of India *Kulin (surname) (including a list of people with the name) *Ban Kulin, Ban of Bosnia from 1180 to 1204 See also *Culin (other) *Kulen, a type of sausage *Kulinism, a type of Hindu caste and marriage rules *Qulin Qulin is a town located in Butler County, Missouri, Butler County in Southeast Missouri, United States. The population was 460 at the 2020 United States census, 2020 census. Qulin is included within the Poplar Bluff Metropolitan Statistical Area ..., a tow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Microseris
''Microseris'' is a genus of plants in the tribe Cichorieae within the family Asteraceae, native to North America, Australia, and New Zealand. It contains the following species: *'' Microseris acuminata'' – Sierra foothill silverpuffs – CA OR *''Microseris aliciae'' – CA *''Microseris anomala'' – Channel Islands *''Microseris astrata'' – CA *'' Microseris bigelovii'' – coastal silverpuffs – CA OR WA BC *''Microseris borealis'' – northern silverpuffs – CA OR WA BC *''Microseris breviseta'' – CA *''Microseris callicarpha'' – CA *'' Microseris campestris'' – San Joaquin silverpuffs – CA *''Microseris castanea'' *''Microseris cognata'' – CA *''Microseris conjugens'' – CA *''Microseris decipiens'' – Santa Cruz silverpuffs – CA *'' Microseris douglasii'' – Douglas' silverpuffs – CA OR Baja California *'' Microseris elegans'' – elegant silverpuffs – CA *''Microseris furfuracea'' – CA *'' Microseris heterocarpa'' – gras ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tanderrum
A tanderrum is an Aboriginal Australian ceremony enacted by the nations of the Kulin people and other Aboriginal Victorian nations allowing safe passage and temporary access and use of land and resources by foreign people. It was a diplomatic rite involving the landholder's hospitality and a ritual exchange of gifts, sometimes referred to as "Freedom of the Bush". Visiting people were presented to elders by an interim group known to all parties. Eucalypt leaves were used in the ceremony to indicate visitors were free to partake of the resources. Water was shared from a tarnuk, sipped through a reed straw, with the hosts partaking first to reassure the visitors that the water was not poisoned. The signing of Batman's Treaty in 1835 was likely to have been interpreted as a tanderrum ceremony by the Wurundjeri and Boon wurrung peoples, according to some historians. Certainly the Wurundjeri and Boon wurrung people continued to act with hospitality to the settlers in the first years o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corroborees
A corroboree is a generic word for a meeting of Australian Aboriginal peoples. It may be a sacred ceremony, a festive celebration, or of a warlike character. A word coined by the first British settlers in the Sydney area from a word in the local Dharug language, it usually includes dance, music, costume and often body decoration. Origin and etymology The word "corroboree" was adopted by British settlers soon after colonisation from the Dharug ("Sydney language") Aboriginal Australian word ''garaabara'', denoting a style of dancing. It thus entered the Australian English language as a loan word. It is a borrowed English word that has been reborrowed to explain a practice that is different from ceremony and more widely inclusive than theatre or opera.Sweeney, D. 2008. "Masked Corroborees of the Northwest" DVD 47 min. Australia: ANU, Ph.D. Description In 1837, explorer and Queensland grazier Tom Petrie wrote: "Their bodies painted in different ways, and they wore various ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yarra Falls
Yarra Falls was a waterfall on the Yarra River in Melbourne, Australia that was demolished in 1883 through the use of dynamite in order to prevent a repeat of the floods of 1863 and 1878. It formed a low barrier, separating the brackish tidal water found downstream from the fresh water found above it, and in doing so provided potable water for the young settlement. Pre-settlement history The Falls, called ''Yarra Yarra'' were important to the local Aboriginal tribes, the Woiwurrung and the Boon wurrung, who used it as a crossing point between their lands, in order to negotiate trade and marriages. The location was also used to meet the other three members of the Kulin Tribe, in order to settle disputes, trade and hold corroborees. European history In June 1835 John Batman arrived at Yarra Falls and immediately recognized it as the site of a new village, the only one of Australia's Capital Cities to have been identified as so before its founding. In 1839 a dam was built upon the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dja Dja Wurrung
Dja Dja Wurrung (Pronounced Ja-Ja-war-rung), also known as the Djaara or Jajowrong people and Loddon River tribe, are an Aboriginal Australian people who are the Traditional owners of lands including the watersheds of the Loddon and Avoca rivers in the Bendigo region of central Victoria, Australia. They are part of the Kulin alliance of Aboriginal Victorian peoples. There are 16 clans, which adhere to a patrilineal system. Like other Kulin peoples, there are two moieties: Bunjil the eagle and Waa the crow. Name The Dja Dja Wurrung ethnonym is often analysed as a combination of a word for "yes" (''djadja'', dialect variants such as ''yeye'' /''yaya'', are perhaps related to this) and "mouth" (''wurrung''). This is quite unusual, since many other languages of the region define their speakers in terms of the local word for "no". It had, broadly speaking, two main dialects, an eastern and western variety. Language Dja Dja Wurrung is classified as one of the Kulin languages. So ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taungurung
The Taungurung people, also spelt ''Daung Wurrung'', are an Aboriginal people who are one of the Kulin nations in present-day Victoria, Australia. They consist of nine clans whose traditional language is the Taungurung language. Their Country is to the north of the Great Dividing Range in the watersheds of the Broken, Delatite, Coliban, Goulburn and Campaspe Rivers. They lived to the north of, and were closely associated with, the Woiwurrung speaking Wurundjeri people. They were also known by white settlers as the ''Devil's River Tribe'' or ''Goulburn River Tribe''. Clan structure The Taungurung have two moieties (kinship groups) covering nine distinct clans, each of which belonged to the Bunjil (Eaglehawk) moiety (five clans) or the Waang (Crow) moiety (four clans). Bunjil moiety * ''Buthera balug'', located in the Upper Goulburn area near Yea and Seymour. * ''Moomoom Gundidj'', around the Campaspe and north-west of Mitchellstown * ''Warring-illum balug'' around the Uppe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wathaurong
The Wathaurong nation, also called the Wathaurung, Wadawurrung and Wadda Wurrung, are an Aboriginal Australian people living in the area near Melbourne, Geelong and the Bellarine Peninsula in the state of Victoria. They are part of the Kulin alliance. The Wathaurong language was spoken by 25 clans south of the Werribee River and the Bellarine Peninsula to Streatham. The area they inhabit has been occupied for at least the last 25,000 years. Language Wathaurong is a Pama-Nyungan language, belonging to the Kulin sub-branch of the Kulinic language family. Country Wathaurong territory extended some . To the east of Geelong their land ran up to Queenscliff, and from the south of Geelong around the Bellarine Peninsula, towards the Otway forests. Its northwestern boundaries lay at Mount Emu and Mount Misery, and extended to Lake Burrumbeet Beaufort and the Ballarat goldfields. The area they inhabit has been occupied for at least the last 25,000 years, with 140 archaeologica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boonwurrung
The Boonwurrung people are an Aboriginal people of the Kulin nation, who are the traditional owners of the land from the Werribee River to Wilsons Promontory in the Australian state of Victoria. Their territory includes part of what is now the city and suburbs of Melbourne. They were called the Western Port or Port Philip tribe by the early settlers, and were in alliance with other tribes in the Kulin nation, having particularly strong ties to the Wurundjeri people. The Registered Aboriginal Party representing the Boonwurrung people is the Bunurong Land Council Aboriginal Corporation. Language Boonwurrung is one of the Kulin languages, and belongs to the Pama-Nyungan language family. The ethnonym occasionally used in early writings to refer to the Bunwurrung, namely ''Bunwurru'', is derived from the word ''bu:n'', meaning "no" and ''wur:u'', signifying either "lip" or "speech". This indicates that the Boonwurrung language may not be spoken outside of their Country - their c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Melbourne
Melbourne ( ; Boonwurrung/Woiwurrung: ''Narrm'' or ''Naarm'') is the capital and most populous city of the Australian state of Victoria, and the second-most populous city in both Australia and Oceania. Its name generally refers to a metropolitan area known as Greater Melbourne, comprising an urban agglomeration of 31 local municipalities, although the name is also used specifically for the local municipality of City of Melbourne based around its central business area. The metropolis occupies much of the northern and eastern coastlines of Port Phillip Bay and spreads into the Mornington Peninsula, part of West Gippsland, as well as the hinterlands towards the Yarra Valley, the Dandenong and Macedon Ranges. It has a population over 5 million (19% of the population of Australia, as per 2021 census), mostly residing to the east side of the city centre, and its inhabitants are commonly referred to as "Melburnians". The area of Melbourne has been home to Aboriginal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wurundjeri
The Wurundjeri people are an Australian Aboriginal people of the Woiwurrung language group, in the Kulin nation. They are the Traditional Owners of the Birrarung (Yarra River) Valley, covering much of the present location of Narrm (Melbourne). They continue to live in this area and throughout Australia. They were called the Yarra tribe by early European colonists. The Wurundjeri Tribe Land and Compensation Cultural Heritage Council was established in 1985 by Wurundjeri people. Ethnonym According to the early Australian ethnographer Alfred William Howitt, the name Wurundjeri, in his transcription ''Urunjeri'', refers to a species of eucalypt, ''Eucalyptus viminalis'', otherwise known as the manna or white gum, which is common along Birrarung. Some modern reports of Wurundjeri traditional lore state that their ethnonym combines a word, ''wurun'', meaning ''Manna Gum'' and ''djeri'', a species of grub found in the tree, and take the word therefore to mean "Witchetty Grub People ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grassland
A grassland is an area where the vegetation is dominated by grasses (Poaceae). However, sedge (Cyperaceae) and rush (Juncaceae) can also be found along with variable proportions of legumes, like clover, and other herbs. Grasslands occur naturally on all continents except Antarctica and are found in most ecoregions of the Earth. Furthermore, grasslands are one of the largest biomes on earth and dominate the landscape worldwide. There are different types of grasslands: natural grasslands, semi-natural grasslands, and agricultural grasslands. They cover 31–69% of the Earth's land area. Definitions Included among the variety of definitions for grasslands are: * "...any plant community, including harvested forages, in which grasses and/or legumes make up the dominant vegetation." * "...terrestrial ecosystems dominated by herbaceous and shrub vegetation, and maintained by fire, grazing, drought and/or freezing temperatures." (Pilot Assessment of Global Ecosystems, 2000) * "A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
