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Education In Kerala
The importance and antiquity of education in Kerala are underscored by the state's ranking as among the most literate in the country. The educational transformation of Kerala was triggered by the efforts of the Church Mission Society missionaries, who were the pioneers that promoted mass education in Kerala, in the early decades of the 19th century. The local dynastic precursors of modern-day Kerala—primarily the Travancore Royal Family, the Nair Service Society,http://www.nss.org.in/ Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam (SNDP Yogam) and Muslim Educational Society (MES)—also made significant contribution to the progress on education in Kerala. Local schools were known by the general word ''kalaris'', some of which taught martial arts, but other village schools run by Ezhuthachans were for imparting general education. Christian missionaries and British rule brought the modern school education system to Kerala. Ezhuthu palli was the name used in earlier times. The word was d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Kerala
University of Kerala, formerly the University of Travancore, is a state-run public university located in Thiruvananthapuram, the state capital of Kerala, India. It was established in 1937 by a promulgation of the Maharajah of Travancore, Chithira Thirunal Balarama Varma who was also the first Chancellor of the university. C. P. Ramaswamy Iyer, the then Diwan (Prime Minister) of the State was the first Vice-Chancellor. It was the first university in Kerala, and among the first in the country. Accredited by NAAC with highest grade of A++ and scored 3.67 points out of 4. The university has over 150 affiliated colleges and has sixteen faculties and 43 Departments of teaching and research. The Governor of Kerala serves as the Chancellor of university. History It was established in 1937 by a promulgation of the Maharajah of Travancore, Chithira Thirunal Balarama Varma who was also the first Chancellor of the university. C. P. Ramaswamy Iyer, the then Diwan (Prime Minister) of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tirur Taluk
Tirur Taluk comes under Tirur revenue division in Malappuram district of Kerala, India. Its headquarters is the town of Tirur. Tirur Taluk contains four municipalities - Tanur, Tirur, Kottakkal, and Valanchery. Most of the administrative offices are located in the Mini-Civil Stations at Tirur, Kuttippuram, and Tanur. Most of the villages in present-day Tirur Taluk were parts of the medieval Kingdom of Tanur (''Vettathunadu''). The port of Tanur was an important port town in the southwestern coast of India during medieval period. History Tirur Taluk was formed on 1 November 1957 by carving 43 villages out of the Old Ponnani taluk and 30 villages out of the Old Eranad Taluk. Tirur, Tanur, and Kuttippuram Revenue blocks were taken from the Old Ponnani taluk while the Revenue blocks of Tirurangadi and Vengara were taken out of the Old Eranad Taluk. At that time, Tirur Taluk was the largest coastal Taluk in Kerala which had contained the entire coastal belt wedged between Bey ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Calculus
Calculus, originally called infinitesimal calculus, is a mathematical discipline focused on limits, continuity, derivatives, integrals, and infinite series. Many elements of calculus appeared in ancient Greece, then in China and the Middle East, and still later again in medieval Europe and in India. Infinitesimal calculus was developed in the late 17th century by Isaac Newton and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz independently of each other. An argument over priority led to the Leibniz–Newton calculus controversy which continued until the death of Leibniz in 1716. The development of calculus and its uses within the sciences have continued to the present day. Etymology In mathematics education, ''calculus'' denotes courses of elementary mathematical analysis, which are mainly devoted to the study of functions and limits. The word ''calculus'' is Latin for "small pebble" (the diminutive of ''calx,'' meaning "stone"), a meaning which still persists in medicine. Because such pebbles were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yuktibhāṣā
''Yuktibhāṣā'' ( ml, യുക്തിഭാഷ, lit=Rationale), also known as Gaṇita-yukti-bhāṣā and (''Compendium of Astronomical Rationale''), is a major treatise on Indian mathematics, mathematics and Hindu astronomy, astronomy, written by the Indian astronomer Jyesthadeva of the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics, Kerala school of mathematics around 1530. The treatise, written in Malayalam, is a consolidation of the discoveries by Madhava of Sangamagrama, Nilakantha Somayaji, Parameshvara, Jyeshtadeva, Achyuta Pisharati, and other astronomer-mathematicians of the Kerala school. It also exists in a Sanskrit version, with unclear author and date, composed as a rough translation of the Malayalam original. The work contains Mathematical proof, proofs and derivations of the theorems that it presents. Modern historians used to assert, based on the works of Indian mathematics that first became available, that early Indian scholars in astronomy and computation l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tantrasangraha
Tantrasamgraha, or Tantrasangraha, (literally, ''A Compilation of the System'') is an important astronomical treatise written by Nilakantha Somayaji, an astronomer/mathematician belonging to the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics. The treatise was completed in 1501 CE. It consists of 432 verses in Sanskrit divided into eight chapters. Tantrasamgraha had spawned a few commentaries: ''Tantrasamgraha-vyakhya'' of anonymous authorship and ''Yuktibhāṣā'' authored by Jyeshtadeva in about 1550 CE. Tantrasangraha, together with its commentaries, bring forth the depths of the mathematical accomplishments the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics, in particular the achievements of the remarkable mathematician of the school Sangamagrama Madhava. In his ''Tantrasangraha'', Nilakantha revised Aryabhata's model for the planets Mercury and Venus. His equation of the centre for these planets remained the most accurate until the time of Johannes Kepler in the 17th century.Geo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nilakantha Somayaji
Keļallur Nilakantha Somayaji (14 June 1444 – 1544), also referred to as Keļallur Comatiri, was a major mathematician and astronomer of the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics. One of his most influential works was the comprehensive astronomical treatise ''Tantrasamgraha'' completed in 1501. He had also composed an elaborate commentary on Aryabhatiya called the ''Aryabhatiya Bhasya''. In this Bhasya, Nilakantha had discussed infinite series expansions of trigonometric functions and problems of algebra and spherical geometry. ''Grahapariksakrama'' is a manual on making observations in astronomy based on instruments of the time. Known popularly as Kelallur Chomaathiri, he is considered an equal to Vatasseri Parameshwaran Nambudiri. Early life Nilakantha was born into a Brahmin family which came from South Malabar in Kerala. Biographical details Nilakantha Somayaji was one of the very few authors of the scholarly traditions of India who had cared to record detai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sanskrit
Sanskrit (; attributively , ; nominally , , ) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. It arose in South Asia after its predecessor languages had diffused there from the northwest in the late Bronze Age. Sanskrit is the sacred language of Hinduism, the language of classical Hindu philosophy, and of historical texts of Buddhism and Jainism. It was a link language in ancient and medieval South Asia, and upon transmission of Hindu and Buddhist culture to Southeast Asia, East Asia and Central Asia in the early medieval era, it became a language of religion and high culture, and of the political elites in some of these regions. As a result, Sanskrit had a lasting impact on the languages of South Asia, Southeast Asia and East Asia, especially in their formal and learned vocabularies. Sanskrit generally connotes several Old Indo-Aryan language varieties. The most archaic of these is the Vedic Sanskrit found in the Rig Veda, a colle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Narayana Bhattathiri
Melputtur Narayana Bhattatiri ( ml, മേല്പുത്തൂർ നാരായണ ഭട്ടതിരി Mēlputtūr Nārāyaṇa Bhaṭṭatiri; 1560–1646/1666), third student of Achyuta Pisharati, was a member of Madhava of Sangamagrama's Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics. He was a mathematical linguist (vyakarana). His most important scholarly work, ''Prakriya-sarvasvam'', sets forth an axiomatic system elaborating on the classical system of Panini. However, he is most famous for his masterpiece, ''Narayaneeyam'', a devotional composition in praise of Guruvayoorappan (Krishna) that is still sung at Guruvayoor Temple. Birth and education Bhattathri was from a village named Melputhur at Kurumbathur in Athavanad Panchayat near Kadampuzha, very close to the Tirur River, as well as near to the holy town of Thirunavaya and Bharathappuzha, that was famed as the theatre of the Mamankam festival, in Malappuram district. He was born in 1560 in a pious Brahmin fami ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Achyuta Panikkar
Achyuta Pisharodi (c. 1550 at Thrikkandiyur (aka Kundapura), Tirur, Kerala, India – 7 July 1621 in Kerala) was a Sanskrit grammarian, astrologer, astronomer and mathematician who studied under Jyeṣṭhadeva and was a member of Madhava of Sangamagrama's Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics. He is remembered mainly for his part in the composition of his student Melpathur Narayana Bhattathiri's devotional poem, ''Narayaneeyam''. Works He discovered the techniques of 'the reduction of the ecliptic'. He authored ''Sphuta-nirnaya'', ''Raasi-gola-sphuta-neeti'' (''raasi'' meaning zodiac, ''gola'' meaning ''sphere'' and ''neeti'' roughly meaning ''rule''), Karanottama (1593) and a four- chapter treatise ''Uparagakriyakrama'' on lunar and solar eclipses. # ''Praveśaka'' #: An introduction to Sanskrit grammar. # ''Karaṇottama'' #: Astronomical work dealing with the computation of the mean and true longitudes of the planets, with eclipses, and with the vyatūpātas of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Melpathur Narayana Bhattathiri
Melputtur Narayana Bhattatiri ( ml, മേല്പുത്തൂർ നാരായണ ഭട്ടതിരി Mēlputtūr Nārāyaṇa Bhaṭṭatiri; 1560–1646/1666), third student of Achyuta Pisharati, was a member of Madhava of Sangamagrama's Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics. He was a mathematical linguist (vyakarana). His most important scholarly work, ''Prakriya-sarvasvam'', sets forth an axiomatic system elaborating on the classical system of Panini. However, he is most famous for his masterpiece, ''Narayaneeyam'', a devotional composition in praise of Guruvayoorappan (Krishna) that is still sung at Guruvayoor Temple. Birth and education Bhattathri was from a village named Melputhur at Kurumbathur in Athavanad Panchayat near Kadampuzha, very close to the Tirur River, as well as near to the holy town of Thirunavaya and Bharathappuzha, that was famed as the theatre of the Mamankam festival, in Malappuram district. He was born in 1560 in a pious Brahmin family ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Achyuta Pisharati
Achyuta Pisharodi (c. 1550 at Thrikkandiyur (aka Kundapura), Tirur, Kerala, India – 7 July 1621 in Kerala) was a Sanskrit grammarian, astrologer, astronomer and mathematician who studied under Jyeṣṭhadeva and was a member of Madhava of Sangamagrama's Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics. He is remembered mainly for his part in the composition of his student Melpathur Narayana Bhattathiri's devotional poem, ''Narayaneeyam''. Works He discovered the techniques of 'the reduction of the ecliptic'. He authored ''Sphuta-nirnaya'', ''Raasi-gola-sphuta-neeti'' (''raasi'' meaning zodiac, ''gola'' meaning ''sphere'' and ''neeti'' roughly meaning ''rule''), Karanottama (1593) and a four- chapter treatise ''Uparagakriyakrama'' on lunar and solar eclipses. # ''Praveśaka'' #: An introduction to Sanskrit grammar. # ''Karaṇottama'' #: Astronomical work dealing with the computation of the mean and true longitudes of the planets, with eclipses, and with the vyatūpātas of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
