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Córdoba Agreement
The Córdoba Agreement was an agreement between the governments of Spain, the United Kingdom and Gibraltar to establish a tripartite forum for co-operation on Gibraltar. It was signed by Spanish Foreign Minister Miguel Ángel Moratinos, UK Minister for Europe Geoff Hoon and Gibraltar's Chief Minister Peter Caruana. in Córdoba. Background The agreement, signed in 2006, was the result of nearly two years of talks between the three governments, giving a voice to Gibraltar in talks between Britain and Spain for the first time. The agreement stemmed from an initiative by the incoming Spanish Socialist Workers' Party government in 2004, which proposed a Forum of Dialogue, in which for the first time Gibraltar would take part as an independent third party. Key agreements The key agreements were: * Aviation: Flights between Spain and Gibraltar * Telecommunications: Spanish recognition of Gibraltar's IDD telephone code phone, lifting of limits on dialling Gibraltar from Spain and mob ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Of Spain
gl, Goberno de España eu, Espainiako Gobernua , image = , caption = Logo of the Government of Spain , headerstyle = background-color: #efefef , label1 = Role , data1 = Executive power , label2 = Established , data2 = , label3 = Country , data3 = Kingdom of Spain , label4 = Appointed by , data4 = Monarch , label5 = Main organ , data5 = Council of Ministers , label6 = Responsible to , data6 = Cortes Generales , label7 = Constitution instrument , data7 = Government Act of 1997 , header8 = Cabinet , label9 = Members , data9 = Sánchez Government , label10 = Prime Minister , data10 = Pedro Sánchez , label11 = Deputy Prime Minister , data11 = Nadia Calviño , label12 = Number of members , data12 = 23 , header14 = Administration , label15 = Workinglanguage , data15 = Spanish , label16 = Staff organization , da ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Gibraltar Territorial Waters
The Gibraltar Port Authority develops and manages the Port of Gibraltar. History On 19 February 1706, Anne, Queen of Great Britain granted Free Port status to Gibraltar. In the early 18th century, Gibraltar was principally a garrison where commerce was negligible. Following the 1805 Battle of Trafalgar, Gibraltar was established as a port for international trade. The government-administered Gibraltar Port Authority was founded in 1806. In 1823, the first steamship appeared in the Gibraltar Port which gradually evolved into a bunkering port. The independent Gibraltar Port Authority was established in 2005 by the Gibraltar Port Authority Act. The Act of Parliament also provided for the transfer of some responsibilities from the Government of Gibraltar to the Authority. Members of the Authority were appointed, effective 1 June 2006. In 2005/2006, GPA's total revenue was £583,900, and its total expenditure £519,816.59. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spain–United Kingdom Relations
Spain–United Kingdom relations, also called Spanish–British relations or Anglo-Spanish relations, are the bilateral international relations between Spain and United Kingdom. History The history of Spanish–British relations is complicated by the political and religious heritages of the two countries. Neither Great Britain nor Spain has a unique constitutional ancestor; Britain was originally created by a union of the kingdoms of England and Scotland (and later joined by Ireland), whilst the Kingdom of Spain was initially created by a union of the kingdoms of Castile and Aragon. They have also been complicated by the fact that Britain and Spain were both imperial powers, after the same land, an occurrence which is being played out to this day with the disputed ownership and status of Gibraltar. File:Imperio español.png, Spanish Empire File:British empire.png, British Empire Anglo-Portuguese Alliance For centuries, the role of England, and subsequently Britain, in Iberia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Politics Of Gibraltar
The politics of Gibraltar takes place within a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic British Overseas Territory, whereby the Monarch of the United Kingdom is the constitutional head of state represented by the Governor of Gibraltar. The Chief Minister of Gibraltar is the head of Government. As a British Overseas Territory, the Government of Gibraltar is not subordinate to the Government of the United Kingdom. The British Government, however, is responsible for defence and external affairs but Gibraltar has full internal self-government under its 2006 Constitution. The government of Spain continues with an irredentist territorial claim to Gibraltar, which was ceded in perpetuity to the British Crown in 1713 by Article X of the Treaty of Utrecht. In a referendum held in 2002, a proposal for shared sovereignty was overwhelmingly rejected by the Gibraltar electorate with 98.97% voting against. The sovereignty issue remains an important factor in local politi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taylor And Francis
Taylor & Francis Group is an international company originating in England that publishes books and academic journals. Its parts include Taylor & Francis, Routledge, F1000 Research or Dovepress. It is a division of Informa plc, a United Kingdom–based publisher and conference company. Overview The company was founded in 1852 when William Francis joined Richard Taylor in his publishing business. Taylor had founded his company in 1798. Their subjects covered agriculture, chemistry, education, engineering, geography, law, mathematics, medicine, and social sciences. Francis's son, Richard Taunton Francis (1883–1930), was sole partner in the firm from 1917 to 1930. In 1965, Taylor & Francis launched Wykeham Publications and began book publishing. T&F acquired Hemisphere Publishing in 1988, and the company was renamed Taylor & Francis Group to reflect the growing number of imprints. Taylor & Francis left the printing business in 1990, to concentrate on publishing. In 1998 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mediterranean Politics
''Mediterranean Politics'' is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by Taylor and Francis focusing on research into contemporary politics and international relations in the Mediterranean Sea and the regions surrounding it including the continents of Europe, Africa and Asia. The current editors are Frédéric Volpi (University of Edinburgh), Sarah Wolff (Queen Mary, University of London), and Matt Buehler (University of Tennessee). According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', the journal's impact factor was 1.844 in 2019, which moved the journal up to 8/77 in Area Studies, 60/180 in Political Science, and places it 29/95 in International Relations. Previously, its 2018 impact factor was 1.732. This meant that Mediterranean Politics ranked 10/74 in the Area Studies Category, 26/91 in the International Relations Category, and 68/176 in the Political Science Category for that year. In 2015, the impact factor was 0.741 with a ranking of 16/69 in Area Studies Category ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gibraltar Constitution Order 2006
The Gibraltar Constitution Order 2006 was taken to a referendum in Gibraltar on 30 November 2006. A coalition of groups opposing the proposal held that a majority of 60% should be required to give effect to a new Constitution, quoting other instances, but the political parties held that the result should be decided by a simple majority in favour of the new constitution. The constitution was approved by 60% of the votes anyway. It was given effect by an Order in Council on 14 December 2006 and it came into force on 2 January 2007. According to the British government, it aimed to provide a modern and mature relationship that is not based on colonialism between Gibraltar and the United Kingdom. Origin In 1999, the Government of the United Kingdom invited British Dependent Territories to provide proposals for constitutional reform. A cross-party committee of the Gibraltar House of Assembly was set up to consult with interested parties and in January 2002 produced a report, which wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2002 Gibraltar Sovereignty Referendum
The Gibraltar sovereignty referendum of 2002 was a referendum, called by the Government of Gibraltar and held on 7 November 2002 within the British overseas territory, on a proposal by the UK Government to share sovereignty of the territory between Spain and the United Kingdom. The result was a rejection of the proposal by a landslide majority, with little more than one per cent of the electorate in favour. Background Spain ceded Gibraltar to the British Crown under Article X of the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713. However, Spain disputes the status of Gibraltar and has made numerous attempts to recover the territory, initially by military force and later by economic and diplomatic means. Recovering sovereignty has been a publicly stated objective of successive Spanish governments. In July 2001, Jack Straw, the British Foreign Secretary, began discussing the future of Gibraltar with Spain. Following secret talks with Spain over the following year, Straw announced in July 2002 th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brussels Agreement, 1984
The Brussels Agreement, 1984, was an agreement between the governments of the United Kingdom and of Spain concerning the territorial dispute over Gibraltar. The agreement was criticised by Gibraltar politicians for limiting the participation of Gibraltarians in their self-determination. Background The Lisbon Agreement, 1980, did not provide an immediate solution to the problems resulting from the blockade of Gibraltar that had been imposed by Francisco Franco in 1969. The border did not reopen as planned, and London and Madrid continued to disagree over the interpretation of the agreement. Spain's admittance to NATO and the EEC provided the impetus that finally broke the deadlock in 1984. Terms The Brussels Agreement was concluded in November 1984 and implemented in February 1985. Aldrich & Connell, 1998, pp. 19. Spain's application to join the EEC proved to be the key factor since Britain linked Spain's membership with the opening of the frontier with Gibraltar and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lisbon Agreement, 1980
The Lisbon Agreement was the first of a series of agreements between the British and Spanish governments intended to resolve their differences concerning Gibraltar. Background The 1969 Gibraltarian constitutional order made it clear that the British would not impose a solution on the Gibraltarians and acknowledged their right to self-determination in their political future. Francisco Franco continued to insist that Gibraltar was territorially integral to Spain and, "in a fit of diplomatic pique", Dodds, 2004, pp. 20. ordered the closure of the border in 1969. For the next 16 years, Gibraltar was reliant on an airlink with Britain for formal access to the outside world. The closure of the border hardened Gibraltar's attitudes towards Franco and Spain more generally. It is also ironic that the actions taken by Francisco Franco and Spain completely destroyed any potential for winning over the population and gaining support in either Britain or Gibraltar for transfer of s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gibraltar Constitution Order 1969
The Gibraltar Constitution Order 1969 was published on 30 May 1969 as an Order in Council. The constitution was the outcome of the Constitutional Conference chaired by Malcolm Shepherd, 2nd Baron Shepherd which lasted from 16 July to 24 July 1968. The Gibraltarian members of the Constitutional Conference were: Joshua Hassan, Aurelio Montegriffo and Abraham Serfaty for the Association for the Advancement of Civil Rights; Robert Peliza, Maurice Xiberras and legal advisor Sir Frederick Bennet for the Integration With Britain Party; and Peter Isola. Development The move towards the 1969 Constitution was sparked off after the outcome of the 1967 sovereignty referendum, where 99.19% of Gibraltarians voted against passing under Spanish sovereignty and in favour of retaining their link with Britain, with democratic local institutions and with Britain retaining its present responsibilities. Preamble The crucial feature of the 1969 constitution for the Gibraltarians was the preamble to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter Gold 2009
Peter may refer to: People * List of people named Peter, a list of people and fictional characters with the given name * Peter (given name) ** Saint Peter (died 60s), apostle of Jesus, leader of the early Christian Church * Peter (surname), a surname (including a list of people with the name) Culture * Peter (actor) (born 1952), stage name Shinnosuke Ikehata, Japanese dancer and actor * ''Peter'' (album), a 1993 EP by Canadian band Eric's Trip * ''Peter'' (1934 film), a 1934 film directed by Henry Koster * ''Peter'' (2021 film), Marathi language film * "Peter" (''Fringe'' episode), an episode of the television series ''Fringe'' * ''Peter'' (novel), a 1908 book by Francis Hopkinson Smith * "Peter" (short story), an 1892 short story by Willa Cather Animals * Peter, the Lord's cat, cat at Lord's Cricket Ground in London * Peter (chief mouser), Chief Mouser between 1929 and 1946 * Peter II (cat), Chief Mouser between 1946 and 1947 * Peter III (cat), Chief Mouser between 1947 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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