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Cândido Firmino De Mello-Leitão
Cândido Firmino de Mello-Leitão (July 17, 1886 – December 14, 1948) was a Brazilian zoologist who is considered the founder of Arachnology in South America, publishing 198 papers on the taxonomy of Arachnida. He was also involved with education, writing high-school textbooks, and contributed to biogeography, with essays on the distribution of Arachnida in the South American continent. Biography Cândido Firmino de Mello-Leitão was born on the Cajazeiras Farm, Campina Grande, Paraíba state, Brazil, to Colonel Cândido Firmino and Jacunda de Mello-Leitão. He died in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. His parents were subsistence farmers, and he had 15 brothers and sisters. He lived most of his childhood at the state of Pernambuco. His first job as a zoologist (1913) was at the Escola Superior de Agricultura e Medicina Veterinária in Piraí, RJ, as a teacher of general Zoology and Systematics. In 1915, he published his first taxonomical paper, with descriptions of some genera and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Endemism
Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere. For example, the Cape sugarbird is found exclusively in southwestern South Africa and is therefore said to be ''endemic'' to that particular part of the world. An endemic species can be also be referred to as an ''endemism'' or in scientific literature as an ''endemite''. For example '' Cytisus aeolicus'' is an endemite of the Italian flora. '' Adzharia renschi'' was once believed to be an endemite of the Caucasus, but it was later discovered to be a non-indigenous species from South America belonging to a different genus. The extreme opposite of an endemic species is one with a cosmopolitan distribution, having a global or widespread range. A rare alternative term for a species that is endemic is "precinctive", which applies to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hemiercus Proximus
''Schismatothele'' is a genus of South American tarantulas that was first described by Ferdinand Anton Franz Karsch in 1879. Species it contains eight species, found in Venezuela, Colombia, and Brazil: *'' Schismatothele benedettii'' Panzera, Perdomo & Pérez-Miles, 2011 – Brazil *'' Schismatothele hacaritama'' Perafán, Valencia-Cuéllar & Guadanucci, 2019 – Colombia *'' Schismatothele inflata'' (Simon, 1889) – Venezuela *'' Schismatothele kastoni'' ( Caporiacco, 1955) – Venezuela *'' Schismatothele lineata'' Karsch, 1879 ( type) – Venezuela *'' Schismatothele modesta'' (Simon, 1889) – Colombia *'' Schismatothele olsoni'' Guadanucci, Perafán & Valencia-Cuéllar, 2019 – Colombia, Venezuela *'' Schismatothele weinmanni'' Guadanucci, Perafán & Valencia-Cuéllar, 2019 – Colombia See also * List of Theraphosidae species This page lists all described genera and species of the spider family Theraphosidae. , the World Spider Catalog accepts 1041 species in 156 gene ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catumiri Argentinense
''Catumiri'' is a genus of South American tarantulas that was first described by J. P. L. Guadanucci in 2004. The name is derived from the Tupi "''Catumiri''", meaning "very small". Description Members of ''Catumiri'' have a labium that is much wider than long, and also houses few cuspules along with the maxillae. The anterior scopula is divided by setae, and the spermathecae of females only have one lobe/terminus. There is a row of spines on the prolateral region of the tarsal claw of males. Species it contains four species, found in Uruguay, Brazil, Argentina, and Chile: *'' Catumiri argentinense'' ( Mello-Leitão, 1941) – Chile, Argentina *'' Catumiri chicaoi'' Guadanucci, 2004 – Brazil *'' Catumiri parvum'' ( Keyserling, 1878) – Brazil, Uruguay *'' Catumiri petropolium'' Guadanucci, 2004 ( type) – Brazil In synonymy: *''C. uruguayense'' Guadanucci, 2004 = ''Catumiri parvum'' (Keyserling, 1878) See also * List of Theraphosidae species This page lists all describe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iridopelma Zorodes
''Iridopelma'' is a genus of Brazilian tarantulas that was first described by Reginald Innes Pocock in 1901. Diagnosis Males of this genus can be distinguished by the tibial spurs on leg 1 and 2, while females differ from most other genera by the anterior eye row, which is strongly curved forward. ''Avicularia'' and ''Typhochlaena'' both own the latter characteristics; however, ''Iridopelma'' can be distinguished from ''Avicularia'' by the spermatheca, which lacks a curvature, and from ''Typhochlaena'' by the spinnerets, which are finger-shaped. Species it contains six species, all found in Brazil: *'' Iridopelma hirsutum'' Pocock, 1901 ( type) – Brazil *'' Iridopelma katiae'' Bertani, 2012 – Brazil *''Iridopelma marcoi'' Bertani, 2012 – Brazil *'' Iridopelma oliveirai'' Bertani, 2012 – Brazil *''Iridopelma vanini'' Bertani, 2012 – Brazil *'' Iridopelma zorodes'' ( Mello-Leitão, 1926) – Brazil In synonymy *''I. palmicola'' (Mello-Leitão, 1945) = '' Iridopelma hirs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avicularia Taunayi
''Avicularia taunayi'' is a species of spider in the family Theraphosidae found in Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area .... References Theraphosidae Spiders of Brazil Spiders described in 1920 {{Theraphosidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avicularia Pulchra
''Avicularia'' is a genus of the family Theraphosidae containing various species of arboreal tarantulas. The genus is native to Panama, the Caribbean and tropical South America. Each species in the genus has very distinguishable pink foot pads. Species belonging to this genus are amongst the relatively small exception of tarantulas that can jump moderate distances as juveniles, with most tarantulas being limited to lunges of 3-4 centimeters. Urticating hairs are distinct to new world tarantulas including the Avicularia that are attached to the spider's cuticle ''via'' a stalk. These spiny, barbed hairs are used as a defense against potential intruders as well as embedded into silk to protect the egg sac. In active defense, the hairs are released by contact with the stimulus and rubbed in. At least three species of Avicularia are threatened by habitat loss and illegal trafficking, due to their popularity as exotic pets. ''Avicularia avicularia'' are among the tarantulas most c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avicularia Palmicola
''Avicularia'' is a genus of the family Theraphosidae containing various species of arboreal tarantulas. The genus is native to Panama, the Caribbean and tropical South America. Each species in the genus has very distinguishable pink foot pads. Species belonging to this genus are amongst the relatively small exception of tarantulas that can jump moderate distances as juveniles, with most tarantulas being limited to lunges of 3-4 centimeters. Urticating hairs are distinct to new world tarantulas including the Avicularia that are attached to the spider's cuticle ''via'' a stalk. These spiny, barbed hairs are used as a defense against potential intruders as well as embedded into silk to protect the egg sac. In active defense, the hairs are released by contact with the stimulus and rubbed in. At least three species of Avicularia are threatened by habitat loss and illegal trafficking, due to their popularity as exotic pets. ''Avicularia avicularia'' are among the tarantulas most c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avicularia Nigrotaeniata
''Avicularia'' is a genus of the family Theraphosidae containing various species of arboreal tarantulas. The genus is native to Panama, the Caribbean and tropical South America. Each species in the genus has very distinguishable pink foot pads. Species belonging to this genus are amongst the relatively small exception of tarantulas that can jump moderate distances as juveniles, with most tarantulas being limited to lunges of 3-4 centimeters. Urticating hairs are distinct to new world tarantulas including the Avicularia that are attached to the spider's cuticle ''via'' a stalk. These spiny, barbed hairs are used as a defense against potential intruders as well as embedded into silk to protect the egg sac. In active defense, the hairs are released by contact with the stimulus and rubbed in. At least three species of Avicularia are threatened by habitat loss and illegal trafficking, due to their popularity as exotic pets. ''Avicularia avicularia'' are among the tarantulas most c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avicularia Juruensis
''Avicularia juruensis'' is a species of spider in the family Theraphosidae, found in South America (Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Brazil). ''Avicularia urticans'' was brought into synonymy in 2017. It has been given the English name Amazonian pink toe spider. Under the synonym ''Avicularia urticans'', it is also known as the Peruvian pinktoe tarantula. It is a large mygalomorph spider, with a maximum body length over and the longest fully extended leg about . Like other species in the genus ''Avicularia'', specimens under this name are sold as pets, although their identity has not been confirmed by taxonomic studies. Description The adult female ''Avicularia juruensis'' has a carapace about 19 mm long and 17 wide, and an abdomen about 24 mm long and 17 mm wide. The adult male has a smaller body, with a carapace about 15 mm long and wide, and notably shorter and narrower abdomen, about 17 mm long and 12 mm wide. The fourth leg is slightly longer t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avicularia Cuminami
''Avicularia'' is a genus of the family Theraphosidae containing various species of arboreal tarantulas. The genus is native to Panama, the Caribbean and tropical South America. Each species in the genus has very distinguishable pink foot pads. Species belonging to this genus are amongst the relatively small exception of tarantulas that can jump moderate distances as juveniles, with most tarantulas being limited to lunges of 3-4 centimeters. Urticating hairs are distinct to new world tarantulas including the Avicularia that are attached to the spider's cuticle ''via'' a stalk. These spiny, barbed hairs are used as a defense against potential intruders as well as embedded into silk to protect the egg sac. In active defense, the hairs are released by contact with the stimulus and rubbed in. At least three species of Avicularia are threatened by habitat loss and illegal trafficking, due to their popularity as exotic pets. ''Avicularia avicularia'' are among the tarantulas most c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avicularia Bicegoi
''Avicularia variegata'' is a species of spider in the family Theraphosidae found in Venezuela and Brazil. Previously described as ''Avicularia avicularia variegata'', it is synonymous with ''Avicularia bicegoi''. When sold as pets, various English names have been associated with the scientific names of this species. As ''A. avicularia variegata'', it has been called the grizzled pinktoe. As ''A. bicegoi'', English names often refer to the red hairs on the abdomen of one colour form – Manaus brick-red rump tree spider, brick red pink toe. Taxonomy In 1896, Frederick O. Pickard-Cambridge described spiders he had observed during an expedition to the Amazon basin as the subspecies ''variegata'' of the species ''Avicularia avicularia''. He based the distinction on variations in colour, particularly of the leg hairs (setae), considering them insufficient to justify separation into two species. In 2017, Caroline Fukushima and Rogério Bertani made a detailed study of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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