|
Cut-through Switching
Rat running (also known as rodent running or cut-through driving) is the practice by motorists of using residential side streets or any unintended short cut such as a parking lot, delivery service lane or cemetery road instead of the intended main road in urban or suburban areas. Background Rat running is a tactic used to avoid heavy traffic and long delays at traffic signals or other obstacles, even where there are traffic calming measures to discourage its use or laws against taking certain routes. Rat runs are frequently taken by motorists familiar with the local geography. Rat running is controversial. When traffic is especially heavy on a highway or main road, rat-running vehicles may cause another traffic jam on the rat-run streets, along with accompanying problems such as collisions, pollution from exhaust, and road rage. It is sometimes opposed by residents on the affected streets, as they may regard it as a disturbance of their peace. Rat running is said to cause loc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Low Traffic Neighbourhood
In the United Kingdom, a Low Traffic Neighbourhood (LTN) is an area in which filtered permeability and traffic calming are deployed to reduce motorised through-traffic in residential areas. Many LTNs were introduced in spring 2020, although the same principles had been in use in London since the 1970s. LTNs can be implemented through the use of Barricade, barriers such as bollards, boom barriers and Flowerpot, planters; they can also be implemented virtually through the use of automatic number-plate recognition cameras and Traffic sign, road signs, which can allow vehicle access for residents and emergency services while prohibiting unrelated through traffic. History Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, there were already at least 25,000 modal filters across the UK. Low Traffic Neighbourhoods have been a common policy in designing new towns and communities in the UK since the 1960s. Local councils engaged in extensive public consultations and provided educational materials to ensu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Campaign For Better Transport (United Kingdom)
Campaign for Better Transport is an advocacy group in the United Kingdom that promotes sustainable transport, particularly bus and rail services. It was launched as Transport 2000 in February 1973 by the National Union of Railwaymen with the Railway Industry Association, the Liberal Party Environmental Panel and others. In January 2007 it absorbed the Road Block anti-road building campaign led by Rebecca Lush and campaigned for less expenditure on road building. The organisation changed its name from Transport 2000 to Campaign for Better Transport in September 2007. History Transport 2000 Transport 2000 was launched on 6 February 1973 with a press conference at the Hotel Russell, London. It initially had offices at 30-34 Buckingham Gate, Westminster. The formation of the organisation was a reaction to the newspaper disclosure in October 1972 that one of the options in a report for the Department of the Environment was the possible closure of a large part of the rail network. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of European mainland, the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The UK includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and most of List of islands of the United Kingdom, the smaller islands within the British Isles, covering . Northern Ireland shares Republic of Ireland–United Kingdom border, a land border with the Republic of Ireland; otherwise, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel, the Celtic Sea and the Irish Sea. It maintains sovereignty over the British Overseas Territories, which are located across various oceans and seas globally. The UK had an estimated population of over 68.2 million people in 2023. The capital and largest city of both England and the UK is London. The cities o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maryland
Maryland ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It borders the states of Virginia to its south, West Virginia to its west, Pennsylvania to its north, and Delaware to its east, as well as with the Atlantic Ocean to its east, and the national capital and federal district of Washington, D.C. to the southwest. With a total area of , Maryland is the List of U.S. states and territories by area, ninth-smallest state by land area, and its population of 6,177,224 ranks it the List of U.S. states and territories by population, 18th-most populous state and the List of states and territories of the United States by population density, fifth-most densely populated. Maryland's capital city is Annapolis, Maryland, Annapolis, and the state's most populous city is Baltimore. Maryland's coastline was first explored by Europeans in the 16th century. Prior to that, it was inhabited by several Native Americans in the United States ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgia (U
Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the South Caucasus * Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the southeastern United States Georgia may also refer to: People and fictional characters * Georgia (name), a list of people and fictional characters with the female given name * Georgia (musician) (born 1990), English singer, songwriter, and drummer Georgia Barnes Places Historical polities * Kingdom of Georgia, a medieval kingdom * Kingdom of Eastern Georgia, a late medieval kingdom * Kingdom of Western Georgia, a late medieval kingdom * Georgia Governorate, a subdivision of the Russian Empire * Georgia within the Russian Empire * Democratic Republic of Georgia, a country established after the collapse of the Russian Empire and later conquered by Soviet Russia. * Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic, a republic within the Soviet Union * Republic of Georgia (1990–1992), Republic of Georgia, a republic in the Soviet Union which, after the collapse of the U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Curb
A curb (American English) or kerb (British English) is the edge where a raised sidewalk/pavement or road median/central reservation meets a street/other roadway. History Although curbs have been used throughout modern history, and indeed were present in ancient Pompeii, their widespread construction and use only began in the 18th century, as a part of the various movements towards city beautification that were attempted in the period. A series of Paving Acts in the 18th century, especially the 1766 Paving and Lighting Act, authorized the City of London Corporation to create footways along the streets of London, pave them with Purbeck stone (the thoroughfare in the middle was generally cobblestone) and raise them above street level with curbs forming the separation. The corporation was also made responsible for the regular upkeep of the roads, including their cleaning and repair, for which they charged a tax from 1766. Previously, small wooden bollards had been put up ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flowerpot
A flowerpot, planter, planterette or plant pot is a container in which flowers and other plants are cultivated and displayed. Historically, and still to a significant extent today, they are made from plain terracotta with no ceramic glaze, with a round shape, tapering inwards. Flowerpots are now often also made from plastic, metal, wood, Rock (geology), stone, or sometimes biodegradable material. An example of biodegradable pots are ones made of heavy kraft paper, brown paper, cardboard, or sphagnum, peat moss in which young plants for transplanting are grown. For seedling starting in commercial greenhouses or polytunnels, pots usually take the form of trays with cells, each cell acting as one small pot. These trays are often called flats. There are usually holes in the bottom of pots, to allow excess water to flow out, sometimes to a saucer that is placed under the flowerpot. Purpose Flowerpots have a number of uses such as transporting plants to new locations, starting se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bollards
A bollard is a sturdy, short, vertical post. The term originally referred to a post on a ship or quay used principally for mooring boats. In modern usage, it also refers to posts installed to control road traffic and posts designed to prevent automotive vehicles from colliding with pedestrians and structures. Etymology The term is probably related to bole, meaning a tree trunk. The earliest citation given by the ''Oxford English Dictionary'' (referring to a maritime bollard) dates from 1844, although a reference in the ''Caledonian Mercury'' in 1817 describes bollards as huge posts. History Wooden posts were used for basic traffic management from at least the second half of the 17th century. One early well-documented case is that of the "postes and rales in ye King's highway for ye (safety) of all foot passengers" erected in 1671 in the High Street of Old Brentford, Middlesex (part of the London–Bath road). Another is that of "two oak-posts" set up next to the med ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Netherlands
, Terminology of the Low Countries, informally Holland, is a country in Northwestern Europe, with Caribbean Netherlands, overseas territories in the Caribbean. It is the largest of the four constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The Netherlands consists of Provinces of the Netherlands, twelve provinces; it borders Germany to the east and Belgium to the south, with a North Sea coastline to the north and west. It shares Maritime boundary, maritime borders with the United Kingdom, Germany, and Belgium. The official language is Dutch language, Dutch, with West Frisian language, West Frisian as a secondary official language in the province of Friesland. Dutch, English_language, English, and Papiamento are official in the Caribbean Netherlands, Caribbean territories. The people who are from the Netherlands is often referred to as Dutch people, Dutch Ethnicity, Ethnicity group, not to be confused by the language. ''Netherlands'' literally means "lower countries" i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dead End Street
A dead end, also known as a ''cul-de-sac'' (; , ), a no-through road or a no-exit road, is a street with only one combined inlet and outlet. Dead ends are added to roads in urban planning designs to limit traffic in residential areas. Some dead ends prohibit all-through traffic, while others allow cyclists, pedestrians, or other non-automotive traffic to pass through connecting easements or paths. The latter case is an example of Permeability (spatial and transport planning), filtered permeability. The International Federation of Pedestrians proposed calling such streets "living end streets" and to provide signage at the entry of the streets that clearly indicates non-automotive permeability. This would retain the dead end's primary function as a non-through road, but establish complete pedestrian and bicycle network science, network connectivity. "Dead end" is not the most commonly used expression in all English-speaking regions. Official terminology and Traffic sign, traf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
