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Cuatro Torres Business Area
Área de negocios de Cuatro Torres (ANCA or CTBA), Spanish for "Four Towers Business Area", is a business district located in the Paseo de la Castellana in Madrid, Spain, on the former Ciudad Deportiva of Real Madrid. The area contains the four tallest skyscrapers in Spain, and four of the ten tallest in the European Union: the Torre Emperador, Torre de Cristal, Torre PwC and Torre Cepsa. Construction of the buildings finished in 2008. Now, a fifth tower, '' Caleido'', is under construction. CTBA buildings Torre de Cristal Designed by Cesar Pelli and built by Dragados, Torre de Cristal (Spanish for ''Crystal Tower''), with a height of 249 meters, is the tallest building in the country. In April 2007, its structure surpassed the height of Torre Espacio. Torre Bankia Designed by Lord Foster, and built by a joint venture of Dragados and Fomento de Construcciones y Contratas, the 45-storey Torre Cepsa (Spanish for ''Cepsa Tower''), with a height of 248 m, is the second ...
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Torre Espacio
The Torre Emperador Castellana, simply known as Torre Emperador and formerly named Torre Espacio (Spanish for Space Tower) is a skyscraper in Madrid, Spain, measuring 230 metres (755 feet) tall and containing 57 floors. It is currently the List of tallest buildings in Madrid, fourth tallest building in Madrid. Construction During its construction on the night of 4 September 2006, a fire broke out on the 43rd floor of the tower. The structure of the building suffered no critical damage, as the fire had only affected some construction materials. The structure was topping out, topped out on 19 March 2007. That night, Madrid mayor Alberto Ruiz Gallardón attended a ceremony with fireworks to commemorate the event. With its 230 m, it also became the tallest structure in Spain at that time, surpassing the telecommunications tower Torre España, Torrespaña. Torre de Cristal (Madrid), Torre de Cristal, one of the neighbouring skyscrapers at the Cuatro Torres Business Area, surpassed th ...
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Real Madrid
Real Madrid Club de Fútbol (, meaning ''Royal Madrid Football Club''), commonly referred to as Real Madrid, is a Spanish professional football club based in Madrid. Founded in 1902 as Madrid Football Club, the club has traditionally worn a white home kit since its inception. The honorific title ''real'' is Spanish for "royal" and was bestowed to the club by King Alfonso XIII in 1920 together with the royal crown in the emblem. Real Madrid have played their home matches in the 81,044-capacity Santiago Bernabéu Stadium in downtown Madrid since 1947. Unlike most European sporting entities, Real Madrid's members (''socios'') have owned and operated the club throughout its history. Real Madrid is one of the most widely supported teams internationally. The club was estimated to be worth $5.1 billion in 2022, making it the world's most valuable football team. In 2021, it was the second highest-earning football club in the world, with an annual revenue of €640.7  ...
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Sacyr
SACYR S.A. () is a Spanish infrastructure operator and developer company based in Madrid. History The company was founded in 1986 as Sociedad Anónima Caminos y Regadíos and was renamed Sacyr in 1991. The company received their first concession in 1996, which was the Chilean El Elquí highway. From this moment on, it began its expansion by adding concessions in Chile and Spain and making purchases such as that of Avasa, the highway between Bilbao and Zaragoza. In 2002 it acquired 24.5% of Vallehermoso, a leading Spanish housing business founded in 1921. In 2003 it merged with Vallehermoso to form Sacyr Vallehermoso. In June 2006 Isolux Corsán presented a takeover bid for Europistas at a price of 4.8 euros per share, which meant valuing the company at 646 million euros. On December 1, 2008, an agreement between the Citigroup fund and Sacyr was announced, whereby Sacyr disposed of its subsidiary for €7,887 million, €2,874 million in cash plus €5,013 million in net debt tha ...
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Cepsa
Compañía Española de Petróleos, S.A.U. (''Spanish Petroleum Company''), commonly known as Cepsa, is a Spanish multinational oil and gas company. It operates in several European countries as well as in Algeria, Canada, Colombia, Morocco, Brazil, and Panama. The company currently produces around and has a refining capacity in three refineries of 21 million tonnes/year. History Cepsa was founded in 1929 as a private company led by Francisco Recasens, with its first refinery located at Tenerife in the Canary Islands. Because of the CAMPSA state monopoly of fuel distribution, Cepsa sold its production to that company. It expanded to lubricant production in 1950 and petrochemical products in 1955. In 1964 it opened a factory in Portugal, and in 1967 it added a second refinery at San Roque de Cádiz. After relaxations of the state monopoly, Cepsa bought a portion of Campsa petrol stations in 1992. In 1988, Abu Dhabi's International Petroleum Investment Company (IPIC) bought a ...
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Bankia
Bankia () was a Spanish financial services company that was formed in December 2010, consolidating the operations of seven regional savings banks, and was partially nationalized by the government of Spain in May 2012 due to the near collapse of the institution. As of 2017, Bankia was the fourth largest bank in Spain with total assets of €179.1 billion. In 2021, the bank merged with CaixaBank to create a new entity but preserving the name of the latter. History Formation and IPO Bankia was formed on 3 December 2010, as a result of the union of seven Spanish savings banks that had a major presence in their historical core regions. The merger of the seven banks, known as 'cold fusion', took only four months, with the integration contract being signed on 30 July 2010. Caja Madrid, which was itself owned by the government of the Community of Madrid, held controlling interest. The distribution of shares was as follows: * 52.06% Caja Madrid * 37.70% Bancaja * 2.45% La Caja de Ca ...
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Caja Madrid
Caja Madrid, formally the Caja de Ahorros y Monte de Piedad de Madrid, headquartered in Madrid,Inicio
." Caja Madrid retrieved on January 7, 2011. "Plaza de Celenque, 2. 28013 Madrid" was the oldest of the . It was founded on 3 December 1702, by Francisco Piquer, an Aragonese priest. Caja Madrid was the regional-owned bank of the (Comunidad de Madrid). On 30 Jul ...
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Repsol YPF
Repsol S.A.
El Nuevo Herald, 2012-05-31
Originally an initialism for ''Refinería de Petróleos de '' adding the word ''Sol'' (Sun) () is a Spanish multinational energy and petrochemical company based in . It is engaged in worldwide and

Fomento De Construcciones Y Contratas
Fomento de Construcciones y Contratas, S.A. (), or FCC, is a Spanish construction company based in Barcelona. Until November 2014, over 50 percent of the shares were owned by a company controlled by the daughter of its founder, Esther Koplowitz and others, when George Soros bought around 25 percent of her rights to acquire shares. History The business was founded in Barcelona in 1900 as ''Fomento de Obras y Construcciones S.A.'' and became known as ''FOCSA''. In 1992 FOCSA merged with ''Construcciones y Contratas'', a company founded in Madrid in 1944 to form ''Fomento de Construcciones y Contratas, S.A.'' Proactiva was a 50–50 joint venture formed in 1999 between Veolia Environnement and FCC, until Veolia bought the other 50 percent share from FCC in 2013. In September 2006 FCC acquired the British Waste Recycling Group, excluding its landfill gas operations, from Terra Firma Capital Partners for £1.4 billion. In July 2013, Alpine Bau Holding GmbH, a su ...
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Norman Foster, Baron Foster Of Thames Bank
Norman or Normans may refer to: Ethnic and cultural identity * The Normans, a people partly descended from Norse Vikings who settled in the territory of Normandy in France in the 10th and 11th centuries ** People or things connected with the Norman conquest of southern Italy in the 11th and 12th centuries ** Norman dynasty, a series of monarchs in England and Normandy ** Norman architecture, romanesque architecture in England and elsewhere ** Norman language, spoken in Normandy ** People or things connected with the French region of Normandy Arts and entertainment * ''Norman'' (film), a 2010 drama film * '' Norman: The Moderate Rise and Tragic Fall of a New York Fixer'', a 2016 film * ''Norman'' (TV series), a 1970 British sitcom starring Norman Wisdom * ''The Normans'' (TV series), a documentary * "Norman" (song), a 1962 song written by John D. Loudermilk and recorded by Sue Thompson * "Norman (He's a Rebel)", a song by Mo-dettes from ''The Story So Far'', 1980 Businesses * ...
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Grupo ACS
ACS, Actividades de Construcción y Servicios, S.A. () is a Spanish company dedicated to civil and engineering construction, all types services and telecommunications. It is one of the leading construction companies in the world, with projects in many countries around the world. The company was founded in 1997 through the merger of ''OCP Construcciones, S.A.'' and ''Ginés Navarro Construcciones, S.A.'' The group has a presence in Germany, India, Brazil, Chile, Morocco and Australia. The headquarters are in Madrid and the chairman is Florentino Pérez. Listed on the Bolsa de Madrid, the company's shares form part of the IBEX 35 stock market index. History The company was formed when a team of engineers acquired ''Construcciones Padrós S.A.'', a construction business which had been in financial difficulty, in 1983. The company acquired a majority holding in ''Cobra'', a support services business, and merged with ''OCISA S.A.'' to create ''OCP Construcciones, S.A.'' in 1993; it we ...
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Cesar Pelli
Cesar, César or Cèsar may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media * ''César'' (film), a 1936 film directed by Marcel Pagnol * ''César'' (play), a play by Marcel Pagnolt * César Award, a French film award Places * Cesar, Portugal * Cesar River, a river within the Magdalena Basin of Colombia * Cesar River, Chile * Cesar Department, Colombia Other uses * César (grape), an ancient red wine grape from northern Burgundy * French ship ''César'' (1768), ship of the line, destroyed 1782 * Recife Center for Advanced Studies and Systems (C.E.S.A.R), in Brazil * Cesar, a brand of dog food manufactured by Mars, Incorporated People with the given name * César (footballer, born May 1979), César Vinicio Cervo de Luca, Brazilian football centre-back * César (footballer, born July 1979), Clederson César de Souza, Brazilian football winger * César Alierta (born 1945), Spanish businessman * César Augusto Soares dos Reis Ribela (born 1995), Brazilian footballer * César ...
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Caleido
Caleido is an tall, 36-story skyscraper in Madrid. It is popularly known as ''Quinta Torre'' (Fifth Tower) as it stands close to the other four skyscrapers of the Cuatro Torres Business Area (CTBA) complex along the Paseo de la Castellana. As of 2021, Instituto de Empresa (IE) is the main tenant. Its construction started in April 2017 and the tower was formally completed on 19 October, 2021.{{cita book/news/web}} requires , título= (Spanish) or , titolo= (Italian) It occupies the former site of the Centro Internacional de Convenciones de la Ciudad de Madrid. It is the fifth tallest building in Madrid and seventh tallest in Spain. The building was designed by architecture firms Fenwick Iribarren and Serrano-Suñer Arquitectura. The main contractor was OHL Desarrollos. References Skyscrapers in Madrid Skyscraper office buildings in Madrid Buildings and structures in Fuencarral-El Pardo District, Madrid {{Spain-struct-stub ...
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