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Crowder Canyon
Crowder Canyon, originally Coyote Canyon, is a valley in San Bernardino County, California. Its mouth was at an elevation of at its confluence with Cajon Canyon. Its source was at an elevation of 4200 feet at near Cajon Summit. The canyon runs southward just west of the top of Cajon Pass then turns southwestward to meet Cajon Canyon. History As ''Coyote Canyon'', what is now Crowder Canyon, was the route that first the Old Spanish Trail and then the Mormon Road passed through the Cajon Pass. Antonio Armijo, who pioneered the Old Spanish Trail, did not cross over the San Bernardino Mountains by the Mojave Trail route over Monument Peak but followed a route he called "Cañon de San Bernardino" from the upper Mojave River west through Cajon Pass and down Crowder Canyon and then Cajon Canyon. It was known to the vaqueros of the San Bernardino de Sena Estancia who had come to the aid of Armijo's party with food. This route ran along the course of Crowder Canyon to its mouth at Cajon ...
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Valley
A valley is an elongated low area often running between Hill, hills or Mountain, mountains, which will typically contain a river or stream running from one end to the other. Most valleys are formed by erosion of the land surface by rivers or streams over a very long period. Some valleys are formed through erosion by glacier, glacial ice. These glaciers may remain present in valleys in high mountains or polar areas. At lower latitudes and altitudes, these glaciation, glacially formed valleys may have been created or enlarged during ice ages but now are ice-free and occupied by streams or rivers. In desert areas, valleys may be entirely dry or carry a watercourse only rarely. In karst, areas of limestone bedrock, dry valleys may also result from drainage now taking place cave, underground rather than at the surface. Rift valleys arise principally from tectonics, earth movements, rather than erosion. Many different types of valleys are described by geographers, using terms th ...
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Vaqueros
The ''vaquero'' (; pt, vaqueiro, , ) is a horse-mounted livestock herder of a tradition that has its roots in the Iberian Peninsula and extensively developed in Mexico from a methodology brought to Latin America from Spain. The vaquero became the foundation for the North American cowboy. The ''vaqueros'' of the Americas were the horsemen and cattle herders of New Spain, who first came to California with the Jesuit priest Eusebio Kino in 1687, and later with expeditions in 1769 and the Juan Bautista de Anza expedition in 1774. They were the first cowboys in the region. In Alberta, Northern Mexico, and the Southwestern United States, especially in Texas the remnants of major and distinct ''vaquero'' traditions remain, most popular today as the Californio, Neomexicano, and Tejano traditions. In Central and South America, there are similar, related traditions. The cowboys of the Great Basin still use the term " buckaroo", which may be a corruption of ''vaquero'', to describe thems ...
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Interstate 15
Interstate 15 (I-15) is a major Interstate Highway System, Interstate Highway in the western United States, running through Southern California and the Intermountain West. I-15 begins near the Mexico–United States border, Mexican border in San Diego County, California, San Diego County and stretches north to Alberta, Alberta, Canada, passing through the states of California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, Idaho, and Montana. The Interstate serves the cities of San Diego, San Bernardino, California, San Bernardino, Las Vegas, St. George, Utah, St. George, Provo, Utah, Provo, Salt Lake City, Ogden, Utah, Ogden, Pocatello, Idaho Falls, Idaho, Idaho Falls, Butte, Montana, Butte, Helena, Montana, Helena, and Great Falls, Montana, Great Falls. It also passes close to the urban areas of Los Angeles County, California, Los Angeles, Orange County, California, Orange, and Riverside County, California, Riverside counties, California. The stretches of I-15 in Idaho, Utah, and Arizona have been ...
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Cajon Junction
Cajon Junction is an unincorporated community in Cajon Canyon and the northern Cajon Pass area, within San Bernardino County, California. It is located at the intersection of California State Route 138 (Pearblossom Highway) and Interstate 15 It lies at an elevation of , above the southern Victor Valley in the northeastern San Gabriel Mountains foothills. And is north of Keenbrook, Cozy Dell and Icenbrook Cajon Junction is a popular stop in the Cajon Pass Cajon Pass (; Spanish: ''Puerto del Cajón'' or ''Paso del Cajón'') is a mountain pass between the San Bernardino Mountains to the east and the San Gabriel Mountains to the west in Southern California. Created by the movements of the San Andreas ... there is a gas station and multiple fast food restaurants in the area. References {{authority control Unincorporated communities in San Bernardino County, California San Gabriel Mountains Unincorporated communities in California ...
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California State Route 138
State Route 138 (SR 138) is an east–west state highway in the U.S. state of California that generally follows the northern foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains and the western Mojave Desert. The scenic highway begins in the west at its junction with Interstate 5 located south of Gorman in the Sierra Pelona Mountains, continues eastward through the Antelope Valley and Cajon Pass, to its junction with State Route 18 in the east, located in the San Bernardino Mountains south of Crestline. Except for the western of the route between Interstate 5 and just east of Gorman Post Road and a segment shared with State Route 14 between Avenue D in Lancaster and Palmdale Boulevard in Palmdale, it is all a mostly undivided two-lane surface road. The remaining section of the Ridge Route, California's first highway connecting the San Joaquin Valley to the Los Angeles Basin, ends at Route 138 near Gorman. Route description The western leg of State Route 138 traverses the Lancaste ...
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Holcomb Valley
Holcomb Valley, located in the San Bernardino Mountains about five miles north of Big Bear Lake, was the site of the most gold mines in Southern California. It was named after William F. Holcomb, who found gold there in 1860. That year started the largest gold rush in the Southern California region."NO. 619: HOLCOMB VALLEY"
, State Historical Landmarks, San Bernardino County
The of Belleville grew up near there and flourished for about ten years before being abandoned. The site is now registered as

Sanford Cutoff
Sanford may refer to: People *Sanford (given name), including a list of people with the name *Sanford (surname), including a list of people with the name Places United States * Sanford, Alabama, a town in Covington County * Sanford, Colorado, a statutory town in Conejos County * Sanford, Florida, the county seat of Seminole County ** Orlando Sanford International Airport, in Sanford, Floria * Sanford, Georgia, an unincorporated community * Sanford, Kansas, an unincorporated community in Pawnee County * Sanford, Maine, a city in York County ** Sanford (CDP), Maine, a former census-designated place in downtown Sanford * Sanford, Michigan, a village in Midland County * Sanford, Mississippi, an unincorporated community in Covington County * Sanford, New York, a town in Broome County * Sanford, North Carolina, a city in Lee County * Sanford, Texas, a town in Hutchinson County * Sanford, Virginia, a census-designated place in Accomack County * Mount Sanford (Alaska), a shield volcan ...
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Glen Helen Regional Park
Glen Helen Regional Park is a county park located in San Bernardino, California, United States adjacent to the Cajon Pass. It was the site of both US Festivals of the early 1980s. It is also home to the Glen Helen Amphitheater, the largest outdoor amphitheater in the United States. The park also hosts several off-road races since 1985. Sycamore Grove Glen Helen Regional Park is the site of California Historical Landmark NO. 573 Sycamore Grove, designation given on April 1, 1957. Its location is at Glen Helen Regional Park, 2555 Devore Rd, 0.7 mi W of Devore. Sycamore Grove was the first rest stop after the old Native American Mohave Trail left the West Fork Mojave River, following the trail, to cross the San Bernardino Mountains at Monument Peak, descending into Cajon Canyon on the ridge between Cable Canyon and Devil Canyon. This route was used by Father Francisco Garcés in March 1776 and Jedediah Smith in 1826. Sycamore Grove, named by the 1851 Mormon colonists, la ...
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San Bernardino De Sena Estancia
The San Bernardino de Sena Estancia (also known as the San Bernardino Rancho or Asistencia) was a ranch outpost of Mission San Gabriel Arcángel in what is now in Redlands, California, United States. It was built to graze cattle, and for Indian reductions of the Serrano people and Cahuilla people into Mission Indians. Over time, it fell into disrepair, until the early 20th century, when a new, larger structure was built as a museum. The new structure shares the same architectural style, but is not otherwise similar to the original buildings. 19th century The ''estancia'' was established in 1819. A second ''estancia'' was established and built around 1830 at Politana rancheria, approximately from the original 1819 site. The Politana site of the San Bernardino de Sena Estancia is a California Historical Landmark. The California missions' lands were secularized in 1833–34. In 1842 Governor Juan B. Alvarado of Alta California issued a Mexican land grant for Rancho San Bernardin ...
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Monument Peak (San Bernardino County)
Old Spanish Trail map Monument Peak is a summit in the San Bernardino Mountains, of San Bernardino County, California. It lies at an elevation of 5272 feet. History Monument Peak is the location where the Mohave Trail crossed the crest of the San Bernardino Mountains after ascending from the headwaters of the Mojave River up Sawpit Canyon and descended down the ridge between Cable Canyon and Devil Canyon to the San Bernardino Valley at the mouth of Cajon Pass. The Garces-Smith Monument is located on the summit on Forest Road 2N49. This marker indicates the path of the Mohave Indian Trail, a centuries-old trade route linking the tribes of the Colorado River to those of the Pacific Ocean. It also memorializes two noted early travelers, Father Francisco Garcés, who in 1776 became the first known missionary explorer to travel across San Bernardino County and leave a written record of his experiences and Jedediah Smith, who in 1826, was the first known Anglo-American to use the M ...
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San Bernardino County, California
San Bernardino County (), officially the County of San Bernardino, is a County (United States), county located in the Southern California, southern portion of the U.S. state of California, and is located within the Inland Empire area. As of the 2020 United States Census, 2020 U.S. Census, the population was 2,181,654, making it the fifth-most populous county in California and the List of the most populous counties in the United States, 14th-most populous in the United States. The county seat is San Bernardino, California, San Bernardino. While included within the Greater Los Angeles area, San Bernardino County is included in the Riverside, California, Riverside–San Bernardino, California, San Bernardino–Ontario, California, Ontario metropolitan statistical area, as well as the Los Angeles–Long Beach, California, Long Beach Greater Los Angeles Area, combined statistical area. With an area of , San Bernardino County is the List of the largest counties in the United States by ...
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Mojave Trail
The Mojave Road, also known as Old Government Road (formerly the Mohave Trail), is a historic route and present day dirt road across what is now the Mojave National Preserve in the Mojave Desert in the United States. This rough road stretched from Beale's Crossing (the river crossing site on the west bank of the Colorado River, opposite old Fort Mohave, roughly southwest of Bullhead City, Arizona), to Fork of the Road location along the north bank of the Mojave River where the old Mojave Road split off from the route of the Old Spanish Trail/Mormon Road. A four-wheel drive vehicle is required for all but a few short stretches of this road, which is unmaintained. The old road from Fork of the Road eastward along the Mojave River is interrupted after by private property, below the site of the old Camp Cady (on the north bank of the Mojave River, roughly northeast of Newberry Springs, California). The road is resumed at an access point from the north in Manix Wash. Under opt ...
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