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Crellidae
Crellidae is a family of marine demosponges in the order Poecilosclerida. Characteristics Growth forms are varied and include branching, club-shaped, massive and encrusting. Identification of members of this family is based on microscopic examination of the spicules in their skeleton. The choanosomal A choanosome is an inner region of a sponge, supported on the choanoskeleton, the stucture that contains the choanocyte Choanocytes (also known as "collar cells") are cells that line the interior of asconoid, syconoid and leuconoid body types of ... skeleton is composed of tornotes while the ectosomal skeleton consists of a tangential crust of spined styles or oxeas. The microscleres are mostly arcuate isochelae. Genera *'' Anisocrella'' Topsent, 1927 *'' Crella'' Gray, 1867 *'' Crellastrina'' Topsent, 1927 *'' Crellomima'' Rezvoi, 1925 *'' Spirorhabdia'' Topsent, 1918 References Poecilosclerida {{demosponge-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poecilosclerida
Poecilosclerida is an order of the demosponge class. It is the most speciose demosponge order with over 2200 species (World Porifera Database). It contains about 25 recognised families. They are characterised by having chelae microscleres, that is, the minute spicules scattered through the tissues, usually in the 10-60 μm range, have a shovel-like structure on the end. Most of the families are viviparous with parenchymella larvae that are uniformly ciliated The cilium, plural cilia (), is a membrane-bound organelle found on most types of eukaryotic cell, and certain microorganisms known as ciliates. Cilia are absent in bacteria and archaea. The cilium has the shape of a slender threadlike projecti .... Families As of 2018, the following families are recognized: References {{demosponge-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crella Cyathophora
''Crella'' is a genus of marine demosponges in the family Crellidae. Subgenera * '' Crella (Crella)'' Gray, 1867 * '' Crella (Grayella)'' Carter, 1869 * '' Crella (Pytheas)'' Topsent, 1890 * '' Crella (Yvesia)'' Topsent, 1890 Species * '' Crella acanthosclera'' (Lévi & Lévi, 1983) * '' Crella aceratospiculum'' (Carter, 1880) * '' Crella affinis'' (Brøndsted, 1924) * '' Crella akraleitae'' (Brøndsted, 1932) * '' Crella alba'' (Vacelet, 1969) * '' Crella albula'' (Bowerbank, 1866) * '' Crella atra'' (Topsent, 1890) * '' Crella aurantiaca'' Bertolino, Calcinai & Pansini, 2009 * '' Crella basispinosa'' Burton, 1931 * '' Crella beglingerae'' van Soest, 2009 * '' Crella brasiliensis'' Moraes, 2011 * '' Crella caespes'' (Ehlers, 1870) * '' Crella carnosa'' (Topsent, 1904) * '' Crella carteri'' Van Soest & Hooper, 2020 * '' Crella chelifera'' van Soest, 1984 * '' Crella commensalis'' Whitelegge, 1906 * '' Crella compressa'' (Carter, 1886) * '' Crella crassa'' (Hentschel, 1914) * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crella
''Crella'' is a genus of marine demosponges in the family Crellidae. Subgenera * '' Crella (Crella)'' Gray, 1867 * '' Crella (Grayella)'' Carter, 1869 * '' Crella (Pytheas)'' Topsent, 1890 * '' Crella (Yvesia)'' Topsent, 1890 Species * '' Crella acanthosclera'' (Lévi & Lévi, 1983) * '' Crella aceratospiculum'' (Carter, 1880) * '' Crella affinis'' (Brøndsted, 1924) * '' Crella akraleitae'' (Brøndsted, 1932) * '' Crella alba'' (Vacelet, 1969) * '' Crella albula'' (Bowerbank, 1866) * '' Crella atra'' (Topsent, 1890) * '' Crella aurantiaca'' Bertolino, Calcinai & Pansini, 2009 * '' Crella basispinosa'' Burton, 1931 * '' Crella beglingerae'' van Soest, 2009 * '' Crella brasiliensis'' Moraes, 2011 * '' Crella caespes'' (Ehlers, 1870) * '' Crella carnosa'' (Topsent, 1904) * '' Crella carteri'' Van Soest & Hooper, 2020 * '' Crella chelifera'' van Soest, 1984 * '' Crella commensalis'' Whitelegge, 1906 * '' Crella compressa'' (Carter, 1886) * '' Crella crassa'' (Hentschel, 1914) * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red Sea
The Red Sea ( ar, البحر الأحمر - بحر القلزم, translit=Modern: al-Baḥr al-ʾAḥmar, Medieval: Baḥr al-Qulzum; or ; Coptic: ⲫⲓⲟⲙ ⲛ̀ϩⲁϩ ''Phiom Enhah'' or ⲫⲓⲟⲙ ⲛ̀ϣⲁⲣⲓ ''Phiom ǹšari''; Tigrinya: ቀይሕ ባሕሪ ''Qeyih Bahri''; ) is a seawater inlet of the Indian Ocean, lying between Africa and Asia. Its connection to the ocean is in the south, through the Bab el Mandeb strait and the Gulf of Aden. To its north lie the Sinai Peninsula, the Gulf of Aqaba, and the Gulf of Suez (leading to the Suez Canal). It is underlain by the Red Sea Rift, which is part of the Great Rift Valley. The Red Sea has a surface area of roughly 438,000 km2 (169,100 mi2), is about 2250 km (1398 mi) long, and — at its widest point — 355 km (220.6 mi) wide. It has an average depth of 490 m (1,608 ft), and in the central ''Suakin Trough'' it reaches its maximum depth of . The Red Sea also has exten ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family (taxonomy), family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. ''Panthera leo'' (lion) and ''Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomy (biology), taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Family (biology)
Family ( la, familia, plural ') is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between order and genus. A family may be divided into subfamilies, which are intermediate ranks between the ranks of family and genus. The official family names are Latin in origin; however, popular names are often used: for example, walnut trees and hickory trees belong to the family Juglandaceae, but that family is commonly referred to as the "walnut family". What belongs to a family—or if a described family should be recognized at all—are proposed and determined by practicing taxonomists. There are no hard rules for describing or recognizing a family, but in plants, they can be characterized on the basis of both vegetative and reproductive features of plant species. Taxonomists often take different positions about descriptions, and there may be no broad consensus across the scientific community for some time. The publishing of new data and opini ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Demosponge
Demosponges (Demospongiae) are the most diverse class in the phylum Porifera. They include 76.2% of all species of sponges with nearly 8,800 species worldwide (World Porifera Database). They are sponges with a soft body that covers a hard, often massive skeleton made of calcium carbonate, either aragonite or calcite. They are predominantly leuconoid in structure. Their "skeletons" are made of spicules consisting of fibers of the protein spongin, the mineral silica, or both. Where spicules of silica are present, they have a different shape from those in the otherwise similar glass sponges. Some species, in particular from the Antarctic, obtain the silica for spicule building from the ingestion of siliceous diatoms. The many diverse orders in this class include all of the large sponges. Most are marine dwellers, but one order ( Spongillida) live in freshwater environments. Some species are brightly colored, with great variety in body shape; the largest species are ove ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order (biology)
Order ( la, wikt:ordo#Latin, ordo) is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between Family_(biology), family and Class_(biology), class. In biological classification, the order is a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms and recognized by the nomenclature codes. An immediately higher rank, superorder, is sometimes added directly above order, with suborder directly beneath order. An order can also be defined as a group of related families. What does and does not belong to each order is determined by a taxonomist, as is whether a particular order should be recognized at all. Often there is no exact agreement, with different taxonomists each taking a different position. There are no hard rules that a taxonomist needs to follow in describing or recognizing an order. Some taxa are accepted almost universally, while others are recognized only rarely. The name of an order is usually written with a capital letter. Fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sponge Spicule
Spicules are structural elements found in most sponges. The meshing of many spicules serves as the sponge's skeleton and thus it provides structural support and potentially defense against predators. Sponge spicules are made of calcium carbonate or silica. Large spicules visible to the naked eye are referred to as megascleres, while smaller, microscopic ones are termed microscleres. The composition, size, and shape of spicules are major characters in sponge systematics and taxonomy. Overview Sponges are a species-rich clade of the earliest-diverging (most basal) animals. They are distributed globally, with diverse ecologies and functions, and a record spanning at least the entire Phanerozoic. Most sponges produce skeletons formed by spicules, structural elements that develop in a wide variety of sizes and three dimensional shapes. Among the four sub-clades of Porifera, three (Demospongiae, Hexactinellida, and Homoscleromorpha) produce skeletons of amorphous silica and on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Choanosome
A choanosome is an inner region of a sponge, supported on the choanoskeleton, the stucture that contains the choanocytes. See also * Choanoderm The choanoderm is a type of cell layer composed of flagellated collar cells, or choanocytes, found in sponges. The sponge body is mostly a connective tissue; the mesohyl, over which are applied epithelioid monolayers of cells, the outer pinacode ... Sponge anatomy References {{biology-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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