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Cranelift
Cranelift (formerly known as Cretonne) is an optimizing compiler backend that converts a target-independent intermediate representation into executable machine code. It is written in Rust_(programming language), Rust. The project started in 2016 and is currently developed by Bytecode Alliance. Unlike compiler backends such as LLVM that focus more on ahead-of-time compilation, Cranelift instead focuses on just-in-time compilation with short compile time being an explicit goal of the project. As of 2023, Cranelift supports instruction set architectures such as x86-64, AArch64, RISC-V, and IBM z/Architecture. History Prior to the backend framework rewrite in 2020, the project made use of only one intermediate representation (IR) across all compilation stages prior to machine code emission, namely CLIF (Cranelift IR Format). The old design made use of machine code, instruction legalizations, which involved transforming the high-level IR continuously until each CLIF instruction cor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rust (programming Language)
Rust is a General-purpose programming language, general-purpose programming language emphasizing Computer performance, performance, type safety, and Concurrency (computer science), concurrency. It enforces memory safety, meaning that all Reference (computer science), references point to valid memory. It does so without a conventional Garbage collection (computer science), garbage collector; instead, memory safety errors and data races are prevented by the "borrow checker", which tracks the object lifetime of references Compiler, at compile time. Rust does not enforce a programming paradigm, but was influenced by ideas from functional programming, including Immutable object, immutability, higher-order functions, algebraic data types, and pattern matching. It also supports object-oriented programming via structs, Enumerated type, enums, traits, and methods. It is popular for systems programming. Software developer Graydon Hoare created Rust as a personal project while working at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bytecode Alliance
WebAssembly (Wasm) defines a portable binary-code format and a corresponding text format for executable programs as well as software interfaces for facilitating communication between such programs and their host environment. The main goal of WebAssembly is to facilitate high-performance applications on web pages, but it is also designed to be usable in non-web environments. It is an open standard intended to support any language on any operating system, and in practice many of the most popular languages already have at least some level of support. Announced in and first released in , WebAssembly became a World Wide Web Consortium recommendation on 5 December 2019 and it received the ''Programming Languages Software Award'' from ACM SIGPLAN in 2021. The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) maintains the standard with contributions from Mozilla, Microsoft, Google, Apple, Fastly, Intel, and Red Hat. History The name WebAssembly is intended to suggest bringing assembly language pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Executable Code
In computer science, executable code, an executable file, or an executable program, sometimes simply referred to as an executable or binary, causes a computer "to perform indicated tasks according to encoded instructions", as opposed to a data file that must be interpreted ( parsed) by an interpreter to be functional. The exact interpretation depends upon the use. "Instructions" is traditionally taken to mean machine code instructions for a physical CPU. In some contexts, a file containing scripting instructions (such as bytecode) may also be considered executable. Generation of executable files Executable files can be hand-coded in machine language, although it is far more convenient to develop software as source code in a high-level language that can be easily understood by humans. In some cases, source code might be specified in assembly language instead, which remains human-readable while being closely associated with machine code instructions. The high-level lan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Free And Open Source Compilers
Free may refer to: Concept * Freedom, the ability to act or change without constraint or restriction * Emancipate, attaining civil and political rights or equality * Free (''gratis''), free of charge * Gratis versus libre, the difference between the two common meanings of the adjective "free". Computing * Free (programming), a function that releases dynamically allocated memory for reuse * Free software, software usable and distributable with few restrictions and no payment *, an emoji in the Enclosed Alphanumeric Supplement block. Mathematics * Free object ** Free abelian group ** Free algebra ** Free group ** Free module ** Free semigroup * Free variable People * Free (surname) * Free (rapper) (born 1968), or Free Marie, American rapper and media personality * Free, a pseudonym for the activist and writer Abbie Hoffman * Free (active 2003–), American musician in the band FreeSol Arts and media Film and television * ''Free'' (film), a 2001 American dramedy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Compilers
In computing, a compiler is a computer program that translates computer code written in one programming language (the ''source'' language) into another language (the ''target'' language). The name "compiler" is primarily used for programs that translate source code from a high-level programming language to a low-level programming language (e.g. assembly language, object code, or machine code) to create an executable program. Compilers: Principles, Techniques, and Tools by Alfred V. Aho, Ravi Sethi, Jeffrey D. Ullman - Second Edition, 2007 There are many different types of compilers which produce output in different useful forms. A ''cross-compiler'' produces code for a different CPU or operating system than the one on which the cross-compiler itself runs. A '' bootstrap compiler'' is often a temporary compiler, used for compiling a more permanent or better optimised compiler for a language. Related software include '' decompilers'', programs that translate from low-leve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LLVM
LLVM, also called LLVM Core, is a target-independent optimizer and code generator. It can be used to develop a Compiler#Front end, frontend for any programming language and a Compiler#Back end, backend for any instruction set architecture. LLVM is designed around a language-independent specification, language-independent intermediate representation (IR) that serves as a Software portability, portable, high-level assembly language that can be optimizing compiler, optimized with a variety of transformations over multiple passes. The name ''LLVM'' originally stood for ''Low Level Virtual Machine.'' However, the project has since expanded, and the name is no longer an acronym but an orphan initialism. LLVM is written in C++ and is designed for compile-time, Linker (computing), link-time, runtime (program lifecycle phase), runtime, and "idle-time" optimization. Originally implemented for C (programming language), C and C++, the language-agnostic design of LLVM has since spawned a wide ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GNU Compiler Collection
The GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) is a collection of compilers from the GNU Project that support various programming languages, Computer architecture, hardware architectures, and operating systems. The Free Software Foundation (FSF) distributes GCC as free software under the GNU General Public License (GNU GPL). GCC is a key component of the GNU toolchain which is used for most projects related to GNU and the Linux kernel. With roughly 15 million lines of code in 2019, GCC is one of the largest free programs in existence. It has played an important role in the growth of free software, as both a tool and an example. When it was first released in 1987 by Richard Stallman, GCC 1.0 was named the GNU C Compiler since it only handled the C (programming language), C programming language. It was extended to compile C++ in December of that year. Compiler#Front end, Front ends were later developed for Objective-C, Objective-C++, Fortran, Ada (programming language), Ada, Go (programming la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emscripten
Emscripten is an LLVM/Clang-based compiler that compiles C and C++ source code to WebAssembly, primarily for execution in web browsers. Emscripten allows applications and libraries written in C or C++ to be compiled ahead of time and run efficiently in web browsers, typically at speeds comparable to or faster than interpreted or dynamically compiled JavaScript. It even emulates an entire POSIX operating system, enabling programmers to use functions from the C standard library (libc). With the more recent development of the WebAssembly System Interface (WASI) and WebAssembly runtimes such as Node.js, Wasmtime, and Wasmer, Emscripten can also be used to compile to WebAssembly for execution in non-Web embeddings as well. Usage Emscripten has been used to port a number of C/C++ code bases to WebAssembly, including Unreal Engine 3, SQLite, MeshLab, Bullet physics, AutoCAD, and a subset of the Qt application framework. Other examples of software ported to WebAssembly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
WebAssembly
WebAssembly (Wasm) defines a portable binary-code format and a corresponding text format for executable programs as well as software interfaces for facilitating communication between such programs and their host environment. The main goal of WebAssembly is to facilitate high-performance applications on web pages, but it is also designed to be usable in non-web environments. It is an open standard intended to support any language on any operating system, and in practice many of the most popular languages already have at least some level of support. Announced in and first released in , WebAssembly became a World Wide Web Consortium recommendation on 5 December 2019 and it received the ''Programming Languages Software Award'' from ACM SIGPLAN in 2021. The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) maintains the standard with contributions from Mozilla, Microsoft, Google, Apple, Fastly, Intel, and Red Hat. History The name WebAssembly is intended to suggest bringing assembly language ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
E-graph
In computer science, an e-graph is a data structure that stores an equivalence relation over terms of some language. Definition and operations Let \Sigma be a set of uninterpreted functions, where \Sigma_n is the subset of \Sigma consisting of functions of arity n. Let \mathbb be a countable set of opaque identifiers that may be compared for equality, called e-class IDs. The application of f\in\Sigma_n to e-class IDs i_1, i_2, \ldots, i_n\in\mathbb is denoted f(i_1, i_2, \ldots, i_n) and called an e-node. The e-graph then represents equivalence classes of e-nodes, using the following data structures: * A union-find structure U representing equivalence classes of e-class IDs, with the usual operations \mathrm, \mathrm and \mathrm. An e-class ID e is canonical if \mathrm(U, e) = e; an e-node f(i_1,\ldots,i_n) is canonical if each i_j is canonical (j in 1,\ldots,n). * An association of e-class IDs with sets of e-nodes, called e-classes. This consists of ** a hashcons H (i.e. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Instruction Selection
__NOTOC__ In computer science, ''instruction selection'' is the stage of a compiler backend that transforms its middle-level intermediate representation (IR) into a low-level IR. In a typical compiler, instruction selection precedes both instruction scheduling and register allocation; hence its output IR has an infinite set of pseudo-registers (often known as ''temporaries'') and may still be – and typically is – subject to peephole optimization. Otherwise, it closely resembles the target machine code, bytecode, or assembly language. For example, for the following sequence of middle-level IR code t1 = a t2 = b t3 = t1 + t2 a = t3 b = t1 a good instruction sequence for the x86 architecture x86 (also known as 80x86 or the 8086 family) is a family of complex instruction set computer (CISC) instruction set architectures initially developed by Intel, based on the 8086 microprocessor and its 8-bit-external-bus variant, the 8088. T ... is MOV EAX, a XCHG EAX, b ADD a, EA ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SpiderMonkey
SpiderMonkey is an open-source JavaScript and WebAssembly engine by the Mozilla Foundation. The engine powers the Firefox Web browser and has used multiple generations of JavaScript just-in-time (JIT) compilers, including TraceMonkey, JägerMonkey, IonMonkey, and the current WarpMonkey. It is the first JavaScript engine, written by Brendan Eich at Netscape Communications, and later released as open source and currently maintained by the Mozilla Foundation. Its design allows it to be embedded in applications beyond Web browsers, with implementations including MongoDB database system, Adobe Acrobat, and the GNOME desktop environment. History Eich "wrote JavaScript in ten days" in 1995, having been "recruited to Netscape with the promise of 'doing Scheme' in the browser". (The idea of using Scheme was abandoned when "engineering management ecidedthat the language must 'look like Java Java is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is bordered by the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
