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Counterfeit Detector
Bank note reporters or counterfeit detectors, were periodicals published in the United States in the mid-19th century. They were used by businesses for two purposes: to identify counterfeit bank notes, and to determine the discount rate for notes from distant banks. Before the establishment of a uniform paper currency in the United States, each of the country's hundreds of banks issued its own distinct notes, which led to widespread counterfeiting. Bank note reporters helped merchants and bankers to authenticate notes, by providing descriptions of genuine bank notes, and up to date information on the latest counterfeit bills being passed around. While the notes of local banks generally traded at par, because they could be readily redeemed at the bank for specie (i.e. silver or gold coins), notes issued by more distant banks traded at a discount. These discounts were proportional to the distance of the bank (and hence, the difficulty of redeeming its notes), and were also affected ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thompson's Bank Note Reporter (IA Thompsonsbanknot0449thom)
''Thompson's Bank Note Reporter'' was a periodical published in New York City by John Thompson beginning in 1842. As a bank note reporter, its main purpose was to convey information about the notes issued by each of the hundreds of different banks operating in North America at the time, including the discounts at which their notes traded, and descriptions of counterfeits currently in circulation. ''Thompson's'' was considered the pre-eminent bank reporter in the country, and, as of 1855, claimed a circulation of 100,000, higher than any of its competitors. Circulation ''Thompson's'' offered the following subscription options: * Twice-weekly for $5 per year * Weekly for $3 * Twice-monthly for $2 * Monthly for $1 The publication's audience included bankers and merchants ranging from New York City to the western states. One Wisconsin banker recalled that "the merchant in his store or the peddler on the prairies would as soon think of doing their business without scales, measure, or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Counterfeit Money
Counterfeit money is currency produced without the legal sanction of a state or government, usually in a deliberate attempt to imitate that currency and so as to deceive its recipient. Producing or using counterfeit money is a form of fraud or forgery, and is illegal. The business of counterfeiting money is nearly as old as money itself: plated copies (known as Fourrées) have been found of Lydia#First coinage, Lydian coins, which are thought to be among the first Western coins. Before the introduction of Banknotes, paper money, the most prevalent method of counterfeiting involved mixing base metals with pure gold or silver. Another form of counterfeiting is the production of documents by legitimate printers in response to fraudulent instructions. During World War II, the Nazis Operation Bernhard, forged British pounds and American dollars. Today some of the finest counterfeit banknotes are called ''Superdollars'' because of their high quality and imitation of the real US dollar. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Free Banking Era
This history of central banking in the United States encompasses various bank regulations, from early wildcat banking practices through the present Federal Reserve System. 1781–1836: Bank of North America and First and Second Bank of the United States Bank of North America Some Founding Fathers were strongly opposed to the formation of a national banking system; the fact that England tried to place the colonies under the monetary control of the Bank of England was seen by many as the "last straw" of oppression which led directly to the American Revolutionary War. Others were strongly in favor of a national bank. Robert Morris, as Superintendent of Finance, helped to open the Bank of North America in 1782, and has been accordingly called by Thomas Goddard "the father of the system of credit and paper circulation in the United States". As ratification in early 1781 of the Articles of Confederation had extended to Congress the sovereign power to generate bills of credit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archibald McIntyre
Archibald McIntyre (June 1, 1772 Dull, Kenmore, Perthshire, Scotland – May 6, 1858 Albany, Albany County, New York), was an American merchant and politician. Life He was the son of Daniel McIntyre and Ann (Walker) McIntyre of the village of Dull, Kenmore, in the Breadalbane region of Perthshire, Scotland. The family emigrated to New York in 1774, settling in Broadalbin, named after their home in Scotland. He was a member of the New York State Assembly from Montgomery County in 1798–99, 1800, 1800–01, 1802, 1804, 1812 and 1820–21 and was Deputy Secretary of State from 1801 to 1806. He was New York State Comptroller from 1806 to 1821. He was member of the New York State Senate from the Middle District in 1822, and from the Fourth District from 1823 to 1826; sitting in the 45th, 46th, 47th, 48th and 49th New York State Legislatures. He was a presidential elector in 1828 and 1840. In partnership with his son-in-law David Henderson, he ran iron ore mines i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Thompson (American Banker)
John Thompson (November 27, 1802 – April 19, 1891) was an American banker, financial publisher, and dealer in bank notes. Early life Thompson was born in Peru, Massachusetts, near Pittsfield on November 27, 1802. He was the son of a farmer and former Revolutionary War soldier. Career At twenty years old, Thompson worked as a teacher in Hampshire County before becoming a lottery-ticket dealer in Poughkeepsie, New York with Yates & McIntyre (Archibald McIntyre and Henry Yates, brother of Governor Joseph C. Yates). The lottery scheme was legalized by the State Legislature for the benefit of Union College. In 1832, he left Poughkeepsie for New York City to become a dealer in bank notes."''Money of the Mind''," by James Grant, Farrar Straus Giroux, 1992. In 1842, he founded ''Thompson's Bank Note Reporter''. It was the most widely read and trusted of the several dozen bank note reporters in print during the free banking era—a genre of periodical which published information ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Broadside (printing)
A broadside is a large sheet of paper printed on one side only. Historically in Europe, broadsides were used as posters, announcing events or proclamations, giving political views, commentary in the form of ballads, or simply advertisements. In Japan, Chromoxylographic broadsheets featuring artistic prints were common. Description and history The historical type of broadsides, designed to be plastered onto walls as a form of street literature, were ephemera, i.e., temporary documents created for a specific purpose and intended to be thrown away. They were one of the most common forms of printed material between the sixteenth and nineteenth centuries. They were often advertisements, but could also be used for news information or proclamations. Broadsides were a very popular medium for printing topical ballads starting in the 16th century. Broadside ballads were usually printed on the cheapest type of paper available. Initially, this was cloth paper, but later it became common ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mahlon Day
Mahlon Day (August 27, 1790 - September 27, 1854) was an American children's book publisher, printer, and bookseller, based in New York City. Biography Mahlon Day was born on August 27, 1790, in Morristown, New Jersey. Day, his wife and two daughters died on September 27, 1854, when the '' SS Arctic'' collided with the French steamship '' SS Vesta'' off the coast of Canada in thick fog, and only 22 out of 233 passengers survived, none of them women or children. Descendants Through his daughter Sarah, he was a grandfather, and namesake, of merchant Mahlon Day Sands Mahlon Day Sands (March 1, 1842 - May 7, 1888) was an American merchant. Early life Sands was born on March 1, 1842, in New York City. He was a son of merchant Abraham B. Sands (1815–1861) and Sarah A. ( Day) Sands (1816–1906). His brothers we .... References {{DEFAULTSORT:Day, Mahlon 1790 births 1854 deaths American publishers (people) American booksellers American printers People from Morristown, New ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thompson's Bank Note Reporter
''Thompson's Bank Note Reporter'' was a periodical published in New York City by John Thompson beginning in 1842. As a bank note reporter, its main purpose was to convey information about the notes issued by each of the hundreds of different banks operating in North America at the time, including the discounts at which their notes traded, and descriptions of counterfeits currently in circulation. ''Thompson's'' was considered the pre-eminent bank reporter in the country, and, as of 1855, claimed a circulation of 100,000, higher than any of its competitors. Circulation ''Thompson's'' offered the following subscription options: * Twice-weekly for $5 per year * Weekly for $3 * Twice-monthly for $2 * Monthly for $1 The publication's audience included bankers and merchants ranging from New York City to the western states. One Wisconsin banker recalled that "the merchant in his store or the peddler on the prairies would as soon think of doing their business without scales, measure, or y ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Bank Act
The National Banking Acts of 1863 and 1864 were two United States federal banking acts that established a system of national banks, and created the United States National Banking System. They encouraged development of a national currency backed by bank holdings of U.S. Treasury securities and established the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency as part of the United States Department of the Treasury and a system of nationally chartered banks. The Act shaped today's national banking system and its support of a uniform U.S. banking policy. Background At the end of the Second Bank of the United States in 1836, the control of banking regimes devolved mostly to the states. Different states adopted policies including a total ban on banking (as in Wisconsin), a single state-chartered bank (as in Indiana and Illinois), limited chartering of banks (as in Ohio), and free entry (as in New York). While the relative success of New York's "free banking" laws led a number of states to also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Autographical Counterfeit Detector - Companion To The Bank Note Reporter
''The'' () is a grammatical article in English, denoting persons or things that are already or about to be mentioned, under discussion, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English. ''The'' is the most frequently used word in the English language; studies and analyses of texts have found it to account for seven percent of all printed English-language words. It is derived from gendered articles in Old English which combined in Middle English and now has a single form used with nouns of any gender. The word can be used with both singular and plural nouns, and with a noun that starts with any letter. This is different from many other languages, which have different forms of the definite article for different genders or numbers. Pronunciation In most dialects, "the" is pronounced as (with the voiced dental fricative followed by a schwa) when followed by a consonant sound, and as (homophone of the archaic pron ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Extorting
Extortion is the practice of obtaining benefit through coercion. In most jurisdictions it is likely to constitute a criminal offence; the bulk of this article deals with such cases. Robbery is the simplest and most common form of extortion, although making unfounded threats in order to obtain an unfair business advantage is also a form of extortion. Extortion is sometimes called the "protection racket" because the racketeers often phrase their demands as payment for "protection" from (real or hypothetical) threats from unspecified other parties; though often, and almost always, such "protection" is simply abstinence of harm from the same party, and such is implied in the "protection" offer. Extortion is commonly practiced by organized crime. In some jurisdictions, actually obtaining the benefit is not required to commit the offense, and making a threat of violence which refers to a requirement of a payment of money or property to halt future violence is sufficient to commit th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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