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Coptos Decree
The Coptos Decree of Nubkheperre Intef is a legal ruling written in hieroglyphic on the wall of the Min-temple in Coptos. Content of the Decree The Coptos Decree was issued by Nubkheperre Intef to the ''mayor of Koptos'' Minemhat concerning the removal of Teti, Son of Minhotep Teti, Son of Minhotep, was an Egyptian official in Coptos during the reign of Pharaoh Nubkheperre Intef of the Seventeenth Dynasty of Egypt (reigned c.1571 to mid-1560s BCE). His only clear attestation is in the Coptos Decree, which deprives him of ..., from his position in the temple. According to the decree, Teti had committed some serious misconduct, which has been interpreted differently by different translators. Teti had either supported the kings' enemies, or had stolen an item from the temple of Min.Sethe, Kurt. ''Erläuterungen zu den ägyptischen Lesestücken''. Leipzig 1927 The wording of the degree probably indicates the latter. The consequences of this crime were serious and far-reaching. The cu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nubkheperre Intef
Nubkheperre Intef (or Antef, Inyotef, sometimes referred to as Intef VI) was an Egyptian king of the Seventeenth Dynasty of Egypt at Thebes during the Second Intermediate Period, when Egypt was divided by rival dynasties including the Hyksos in Lower Egypt. Rise to power He is known to be the brother of Sekhemre-Wepmaat Intef—and this king's immediate successor—since he donated Louvre Coffin E3019 for this king's burial which bears an inscription that it was donated for king Sekhemre Wepmaat Intef "''as that which his brother, king Antef'' (Nubkheperre Intef here) ''gives''", notes Kim Ryholt. As the German scholar Thomas Schneider writes in the 2006 book ''Ancient Egyptian Chronology (Handbook of Oriental Studies)'': :From the legend on the coffin Louvre E 3019 (Sekhemre-Wepmaat's coffin), it follows that Inyotef Nebukheperre'...arranged the burial of his brother Inyotef Sekhemre'-upimaat...and must have therefore have followed him on the throne. In his ''Untersuchungen'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Egyptian Hieroglyphs
Egyptian hieroglyphs (, ) were the formal writing system used in Ancient Egypt, used for writing the Egyptian language. Hieroglyphs combined logographic, syllabic and alphabetic elements, with some 1,000 distinct characters.There were about 1,000 graphemes in the Old Kingdom period, reduced to around 750 to 850 in the classical language of the Middle Kingdom, but inflated to the order of some 5,000 signs in the Ptolemaic period. Antonio Loprieno, ''Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction'' (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1995), p. 12. Cursive hieroglyphs were used for religious literature on papyrus and wood. The later hieratic and demotic Egyptian scripts were derived from hieroglyphic writing, as was the Proto-Sinaitic script that later evolved into the Phoenician alphabet. Through the Phoenician alphabet's major child systems (the Greek and Aramaic scripts), the Egyptian hieroglyphic script is ancestral to the majority of scripts in modern use, most prominently the Latin and Cyr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Min (god)
Min (Egyptian mnw) is an ancient Egyptian god whose cult originated in the predynastic period (4th millennium BCE). He was represented in many different forms, but was most often represented in male human form, shown with an erect penis which he holds in his right hand and an upheld left arm holding a flail. Myths and function Min's cult began and was centered around Coptos (Koptos) and Akhmim (Panopolis) of upper Egypt, where in his honour great festivals were held celebrating his "coming forth" with a public procession and presentation of offerings. His other associations include the eastern desert and links to the god Horus. Flinders Petrie excavated two large statues of Min at Qift which are now in the Ashmolean Museum and it is thought by some that they are pre-dynastic. Although not mentioned by name, a reference to "he whose arm is raised in the East" in the Pyramid Texts is thought to refer to Min. His importance grew in the Middle Kingdom when he became even mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minemhat
Minemhat (Min is at the front) was the mayor of Koptos during the 17th Dynasty. Minemhat appears in three sources making him one of the best attested private individuals of the period and attesting that he was a highly influential person. Attestations Serving under Nubkheperre Intef Minemhat appears on the Coptos Decree dates to Year 3 of King Nubkheperre Intef. This is a royal decree addressed to certain officials at Koptos with Minemhat appearing as the first one with the titles ''royal sealer'' and ''mayor of Koptos''. The decree is about the removal of Teti, Son of Minhotep, from his position in the temple at Koptos. Mining Expedition At Gebel Zeit, several mining expeditions went to the galena mines, often departing from Coptos (Quft). There is evidence of Min worship indicating a relation to the Temple of Min at Coptos. The stela erected by Minemhat, a nomarch of Coptos, indicating his participation in a mining expedition during the 17th Dynasty. Associated with Seqenenr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teti, Son Of Minhotep
Teti, Son of Minhotep, was an Egyptian official in Coptos during the reign of Pharaoh Nubkheperre Intef of the Seventeenth Dynasty of Egypt (reigned c.1571 to mid-1560s BCE). His only clear attestation is in the Coptos Decree, which deprives him of his office and its stipend for some act of sacrilege. The exact nature of this crime is debated, largely due to the idiomatic or euphemistic language used in the text. Some have identified him as the same Teti who opposed Kamose several pharaohs later, which would indicate the pharaohs between Nubkheperre Intef and Kamose had very short reigns, but this identification remains problematic. Rank Teti's position in Coptos has been identified variously as a ''haty-a'' or as merely a temple official. James Henry Breasted argued that the Coptos Decree must be read as ordering the demotion of a count and installing his replacement. Alternatively, Katja Goebs argues that Teti probably had never been the ''haty-a'', since the titles the Coptos D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seventeenth Dynasty Of Egypt
The Seventeenth Dynasty of Egypt (notated Dynasty XVII, alternatively 17th Dynasty or Dynasty 17) was a dynasty of pharaohs that ruled in Upper Egypt during the late Second Intermediate Period, approximately from 1580 to 1550 BC. Its mainly Theban rulers are contemporary with the Hyksos of the Fifteenth Dynasty and succeed the Sixteenth Dynasty, which was also based in Thebes. In March 2012, French archeologists examining a limestone door in the Precinct of Amun-Re at Karnak discovered hieroglyphs with the name Senakhtenre, the first evidence of this king dating to his lifetime. The last two kings of the dynasty opposed the Hyksos rule over Egypt and initiated a war that would rid Egypt of the Hyksos kings and began a period of unified rule, the New Kingdom of Egypt. Kamose, the second son of Seqenenre Tao and last king of the Seventeenth Dynasty, was the brother of Ahmose I, the first king of the Eighteenth Dynasty. Some mainstream scholars have suggested that the Seventee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
