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Continuing Criminal Enterprise Statute
The Continuing Criminal Enterprise Statute (commonly referred to as CCE Statute or Kingpin Statute) is a United States federal law that targets large-scale drug traffickers who are responsible for long-term and elaborate drug conspiracies. Unlike the RICO Act, which covers a wide range of organized crime enterprises, the CCE statute covers only major narcotics organizations. CCE is codified as Chapter 13 of Title 21 of the United States Code, . The statute makes it a federal crime to commit or conspire to commit a continuing series of felony violations of the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970 when such acts are taken in concert with five or more other persons. For conviction under the statute, the offender must have been an organizer, manager, or supervisor of the continuing operation and have obtained substantial income or resources from the drug violations. The sentence for a first CCE conviction is a mandatory minimum of twenty years' imprisonment (with ...
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United States Federal Law
The law of the United States comprises many levels of codified and uncodified forms of law, of which the most important is the nation's Constitution, which prescribes the foundation of the federal government of the United States, as well as various civil liberties. The Constitution sets out the boundaries of federal law, which consists of Acts of Congress, treaties ratified by the Senate, regulations promulgated by the executive branch, and case law originating from the federal judiciary. The United States Code is the official compilation and codification of general and permanent federal statutory law. Federal law and treaties, so long as they are in accordance with the Constitution, preempt conflicting state and territorial laws in the 50 U.S. states and in the territories. However, the scope of federal preemption is limited because the scope of federal power is not universal. In the dual sovereign system of American federalism (actually tripartite because of the presence o ...
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Gangster Disciples
The Gangster Disciples are an African American street and prison gang, which was formed in the South Side of Chicago in the late 1960s, by Larry Hoover, leader of the Supreme Gangsters, and David Barksdale, leader of the Black Disciples. The two groups united to form the Black Gangster Disciple Nation (BGDN). The BGDN divided into different factions known today as the Gangster Disciples and Black Disciples. Symbolism/colors The predominant symbol of this gang is the six-pointed Star of David. The Gangster Disciples use the upward crossed pitchforks ("forks"). The organization's colors are black and blue. History The Gangster Disciples were established on the South Side of Chicago, Illinois in 1969 by Larry Hoover. Larry Hoover was the leader of his own gang called the Supreme Gangsters while David Barksdale was also the leader of his own gang called the Devil Disciples. Jamal Knowles (Alamo) is a leader in the community and is leading the way for young guys. They later uni ...
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Ross William Ulbricht
Ross William Ulbricht (born March 27, 1984) is an American serving life imprisonment for creating and operating the darknet market website Silk Road from 2011 until his arrest in 2013. The site operated as a hidden service on the Tor network and facilitated the sale of narcotics and other illegal products and services. Ulbricht ran the site under the pseudonym "Dread Pirate Roberts", after the fictional character from ''The Princess Bride.'' In 2013, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) arrested Ulbricht and Silk Road was taken offline. In 2015, he was convicted of engaging in a continuing criminal enterprise, distributing narcotics, distributing narcotics by means of the internet, conspiracy to distribute narcotics, conspiracy to commit money laundering, conspiracy to traffic fraudulent identity documents, and conspiracy to commit computer hacking. He was sentenced to a double life sentence plus 40 years without the possibility of parole. Ulbricht's appeals to the U.S. ...
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Rolls-Royce (car)
This is a list of Rolls-Royce branded motor cars and includes vehicles manufactured by: *Rolls-Royce Limited (1906–1973) *Rolls-Royce Motors (1973–2003), which was created as a result of the demerger of Rolls-Royce Limited in 1973. Vickers, Vickers plc owned Rolls-Royce Motors between 1980 and 1998. Volkswagen Group, Volkswagen AG acquired Rolls-Royce Motors in 1998 and renamed the firm Bentley, Bentley Motors Limited in 2003. Bentley Motors Limited is the direct successor of Rolls-Royce Motors and its predecessor entities and owns historical Rolls-Royce assets such as the Bentley Crewe, Crewe factory, pre-2003 vehicle designs and the Rolls-Royce – Bentley L Series V8 engine, L Series V8 engine. *Rolls-Royce Motor Cars, a subsidiary of BMW, BMW AG established in 1998 that began production of vehicles in 2003. Vehicles Rolls-Royce Limited vehicles * 1904–06 Rolls-Royce 10 hp, 10 hp * 1905–05 Rolls-Royce 15 hp, 15 hp * 1905–08 Rolls-Royce 20 hp (1905), 20  ...
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United States Penitentiary, Leavenworth
The United States Penitentiary, Leavenworth (USP Leavenworth) is a medium security U.S. penitentiary with an adjacent minimum security satellite camp in northeast Kansas. It is operated by the Federal Bureau of Prisons, a division of the United States Department of Justice. It also includes a satellite federal prison camp (FPC) for minimum-security male offenders. USP Leavenworth is located in Leavenworth, Kansas, which is northwest of Kansas City, Kansas. Background USP Leavenworth, a civilian facility, is the oldest of three major prisons built on federal land in Leavenworth County, Kansas. It is separate from, but often confused with, the United States Disciplinary Barracks (USDB), a military facility located on the adjacent Fort Leavenworth army post. Located north of the USP, the USDB is the sole maximum-security penal facility for the entire United States Military. Prisoners from the original USDB were used to build the civilian penitentiary. In addition, the military' ...
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Oakland, CA
Oakland is the largest city and the county seat of Alameda County, California, United States. A major West Coast port, Oakland is the largest city in the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area, the third largest city overall in the Bay Area and the eighth most populated city in California. With a population of 440,646 in 2020, it serves as the Bay Area's trade center and economic engine: the Port of Oakland is the busiest port in Northern California, and the fifth busiest in the United States of America. An act to incorporate the city was passed on May 4, 1852, and incorporation was later approved on March 25, 1854. Oakland is a charter city. Oakland's territory covers what was once a mosaic of California coastal terrace prairie, oak woodland, and north coastal scrub. In the late 18th century, it became part of a large ''rancho'' grant in the colony of New Spain. Its land served as a resource when its hillside oak and redwood timber were logged to build San Francis ...
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Felix Mitchell
Felix Wayne Mitchell Jr. (August 23, 1954 – August 21, 1986) was a drug lord from Oakland, California, and leader of the "69 Mob" criminal organization, which operated throughout California and into the Midwest. He was known as "Felix the Cat" after the cartoon character. History Mitchell was born in Oakland and lived in the 69th Avenue San Antonio Village housing projects. After dropping out of high school, Mitchell created a criminal organization called "My Other Brother", or "6-9 Mob" a.k.a. "MOB". Connected with L.A. kingpin Tootie Reese, he made business contacts in the Bay Area, Los Angeles and Detroit. For more than a decade, Mitchell battled competition from Mickey Moore's crime family and the Funktown USA gang to gain total control of the heroin market. Before 1984–1985 and the widespread practice of free-basing cocaine, heroin use was more common. It is estimated that Mitchell brought in as much as $5 million annually. Mitchell was targeted by local and federa ...
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United States Penitentiary, Florence ADX
The United States Penitentiary, Florence Administrative Maximum Facility (USP Florence ADMAX), commonly known as ADX Florence, is an American federal prison in Fremont County near Florence, Colorado. It is operated by the Federal Bureau of Prisons, a division of the United States Department of Justice. ADX Florence, which opened in 1994, is classed as a supermax or "control unit" prison, thus providing a higher, more controlled level of custody than a maximum security prison. ADX Florence forms part of the Federal Correctional Complex, Florence (FCC Florence), which is situated on of land and houses different facilities with varying degrees of security, including the United States Penitentiary, Florence High. ADX Florence was commissioned when the Federal Bureau of Prisons needed a unit designed specifically for the secure housing of those prisoners most capable of extreme violence toward staff or other inmates. As of August 2022, there are a total of 341 inmates housed. They ...
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Albert Krieger
Albert Joseph "Al" Krieger (November 4, 1923 – May 14, 2020) was an American criminal defense lawyer, most prominently for figures in organized crime and drug trafficking, as well as for a number of Oglala Lakota activists during criminal proceedings following the Wounded Knee Occupation. Biography Krieger was born on November 4, 1923, in Manhattan, to parents Lui and Ida (Arnow) Krieger. His father was a restaurateur. After graduating from Long Beach High School in Lido Beach, New York, Krieger won a football scholarship to New York University and graduated in 1945. He briefly served in the Army before continuing on to New York University School of Law, receiving an LL.B in 1949. Krieger first rose to prominence in the late 1960s through his representation of crime boss Joseph Bonanno; together with his partner Susan Van Dusen, he helped to keep Bonanno free from imprisonment for more than a decade until he was convicted in an obstruction of justice case. He is perhaps be ...
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South Florida
South Florida is the southernmost region of the U.S. state of Florida. It is one of Florida's three most commonly referred to directional regions; the other two are Central Florida and North Florida. South Florida is the southernmost part of the continental United States and the only region of the continental U.S. that includes some areas with a tropical climate. South Florida is dominated by the Miami metropolitan area and the Everglades, and contains the Florida Keys, three U.S. national parks (namely Biscayne, Dry Tortugas, and Everglades), and multiple cities. While the term most commonly refers to the Keys and Greater Miami, interpretations vary on the inclusion of some other parts of Florida within the South Florida region, most commonly the southern parts of the Tampa Bay area, the inclusion of Southwest Florida and its cities, and the Treasure Coast. Composition As with all vernacular regions, South Florida has no official boundaries or status and is defined different ...
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Willy Falcon
Augusto Guillermo "Willy" Falcon is a former drug kingpin who, along with his partner Sal Magluta, operated one of the most significant cocaine trafficking organizations in South Florida history. Biography Speedboat racing Falcon was a speedboat racing champion in the 1980's. 1996 trial Magluta, along with his partner Falcon, was indicted by a federal grand jury in April 1991 for a plethora of drug trafficking crimes, including operating a continuing criminal enterprise accused of importing and distributing over 75 tons of cocaine. Falcon was represented by Albert Krieger, Susan Van Dusen, and D. Robert "Bobby" Wells. His partner Magluta was represented by Roy Black, Martin Weinberg, and Richard Martinez (Magluta's brother in law). Both Magluta and Falcon were found not guilty after a lengthy trial before Judge Federico Moreno. Gun conviction In 1997 he was convicted for illegal possession of a firearm. Juror bribery Following the 1996 trial, the United States Attorney's Off ...
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Sal Magluta
Salvador "Sal" Magluta is a Cuban American former drug kingpin and powerboat racer who, along with his partner Willy Falcon, operated one of the most significant cocaine trafficking organizations in South Florida history. The duo became known as ''Los Muchachos'', Spanish for "the boys". Biography Early life Salvador Magluta was born into a Jewish Cuban family who owned a bakery in the Little Havana neighborhood of Miami, Florida. He and Willy Falcon both dropped out of Miami Senior High School, where they were small-time marijuana dealers before becoming involved in the burgeoning cocaine trade. 1996 trial Magluta, along with his partner Falcon, was indicted by a federal grand jury in April 1991 for a plethora of drug trafficking crimes, including operating a continuing criminal enterprise accused of importing and distributing over 75 tons of cocaine. Magluta was represented by Roy Black, Martin Weinberg, and Richard Martinez who was Magluta's brother in law. His partner Fal ...
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