|
Confédération Générale Des Travailleurs Africains
The ''Confédération générale des travailleurs africains'' ('General Confederation of African Workers', CGTA) was a trade union centre in French West Africa, in existence from 1956 to 1957. History A leader of the France, French General Confederation of Labour (France), Confédération générale du travail (CGT) in West Africa, Bassirou Guèye, had begun to promote the idea that African trade unionists should make themselves independent from the French centres. At a meeting of the Senegal-Mauritania branch of CGT, held in Dakar November 11-November 12, 1955, the majority of delegates voted for separation from the French CGT and the World Federation of Trade Unions. After the break with CGT, these unions formed CGT-Autonome. A conference was held in Saint-Louis, Senegal, Saint-Louis on January 14-January 15, 1956 during which CGT-Autonome and the Guinean branch of CGT formed the CGTA. Sékou Touré and Seydou Diallo became leaders of CGTA.Agyeman, Opoku. The Failure of Grassroo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French West Africa
French West Africa (, ) was a federation of eight French colonial empires#Second French colonial empire, French colonial territories in West Africa: Colonial Mauritania, Mauritania, French Senegal, Senegal, French Sudan (now Mali), French Guinea (now Guinea), French Ivory Coast, Ivory Coast, French Upper Volta, Upper Volta (now Burkina Faso), French Dahomey, Dahomey (now Benin) and Colony of Niger, Niger. The federation existed from 1895 until 1958. Its capital was Saint-Louis, Senegal, Saint-Louis in Senegal until 1902, and then Dakar until the federation's collapse in 1960. With an area of 4,689,000 km2, French West Africa was eight times the size of Metropolitan France. French Equatorial Africa had an additional area of 2,500,000 km2. History Until after World War II, almost none of the Africans living in the colonies of France were citizens of France. Rather, they were "French subjects," lacking rights before the law, property ownership rights, rights to travel, dissen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Niger
Niger, officially the Republic of the Niger, is a landlocked country in West Africa. It is a unitary state Geography of Niger#Political geography, bordered by Libya to the Libya–Niger border, north-east, Chad to the Chad–Niger border, east, Nigeria to the Niger–Nigeria border, south, Benin and Burkina Faso to the Benin-Niger border, south-west, Mali to the Mali–Niger border, west, and Algeria to the Algeria–Niger border, north-west. It covers a land area of almost , making it the largest landlocked country in West Africa and the second-largest landlocked nation in Africa behind Chad. Over 80% of its land area lies in the Sahara. Its Islam in Niger, predominantly Muslim population of about million lives mostly in clusters in the south and west of the country. The capital Niamey is located in Niger's south-west corner along the namesake Niger River. Following the spread of Islam to the region, Niger was on the fringes of some states, including the Kanem–Bornu Empire ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Defunct Trade Unions Of Africa
{{Disambiguation ...
Defunct may refer to: * ''Defunct'' (video game), 2014 * Zombie process or defunct process, in Unix-like operating systems See also * * :Former entities * End-of-life product * Obsolescence Obsolescence is the process of becoming antiquated, out of date, old-fashioned, no longer in general use, or no longer useful, or the condition of being in such a state. When used in a biological sense, it means imperfect or rudimentary when comp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1957 Disestablishments In French West Africa
Events January * January 1 – The Saarland joins West Germany. * January 3 – Hamilton Watch Company introduces the first electric watch. * January 5 – South African player Russell Endean becomes the first batsman to be Dismissal (cricket), dismissed for having handled the ball, in Test cricket. * January 9 – British Prime Minister Anthony Eden resigns. * January 10 – Harold Macmillan becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. * January 11 – The African Convention is founded in Dakar. * January 14 – Kripalu Maharaj is named fifth Jagadguru (world teacher), after giving seven days of speeches before 500 Hindu scholars. * January 15 – The film ''Throne of Blood'', Akira Kurosawa's reworking of ''Macbeth'', is released in Japan. * January 20 ** Israel withdraws from the Sinai Peninsula (captured from Egypt on October 29, 1956). * January 26 – The Ibirapuera Planetarium (the first in the Southern Hemisphere) is inaugurated in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1956 Establishments In French West Africa
Events January * January 1 – The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, Anglo-Egyptian Condominium ends in Sudan after 57 years. * January 8 – Operation Auca: Five U.S. evangelical Christian Missionary, missionaries, Nate Saint, Roger Youderian, Ed McCully, Jim Elliot and Pete Fleming, are killed for trespassing by the Waorani people of Ecuador, shortly after making contact with them. * January 16 – Egyptian leader Gamal Abdel Nasser vows to reconquer Palestine (region), Palestine. * January 25–January 26, 26 – Finnish troops reoccupy Porkkala, after Soviet Union, Soviet troops vacate its military base. Civilians can return February 4. * January 26 – The 1956 Winter Olympics open in Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy. February * February 2 – Austria and Israel establish diplomatic Austria–Israel relations, relations. * February 11 – British Espionage, spies Guy Burgess and Donald Maclean (spy), Donald Maclean resurface in the Soviet Union, after being missing for 5 years. * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trade Unions In Ivory Coast
Trade involves the transfer of goods and services from one person or entity to another, often in exchange for money. Economists refer to a system or network that allows trade as a market (economics), market. Traders generally negotiate through a medium of credit or exchange, such as money. Though some economists characterize barter (i.e. trading things without the use of money) as an early form of trade, History of money#Emergence of money, money was invented before written history began. Consequently, any story of how money first developed is mostly based on conjecture and logical inference. Letters of credit (finance), credit, paper money, and digital currency, non-physical money have greatly simplified and promoted trade as buying can be separated from selling, or Earnings, earning. Trade between two traders is called bilateral trade, while trade involving more than two traders is called Multilateral treaty, multilateral trade. In one modern view, trade exists due to spe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trade Unions In Burkina Faso
Trade unions in Burkina Faso have played important roles in the country's history, helping to oust governments perceived as corrupt and dictatorial. For example, in 1966 the 1966 Upper Voltan coup d'état, first of several military coups placed Lt. Col. Sangoule Lamizana at the head of a government of senior army officers. Lamizana remained in power throughout the 1970s, as President of military and then elected governments but with the support of unions and civil groups, Col. Saye Zerbo overthrew President Lamizana in the 1980 Upper Voltan coup d'état. However, Colonel Zerbo also encountered resistance from trade unions and was 1982 Upper Voltan coup d'état, overthrown in 1982 by Jean-Baptiste Ouedraogo and the Council of Popular Salvation. References * Trade unions in Burkina Faso, {{BurkinaFaso-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trade Unions In Niger
Trade unions in Niger are free to engage in regular unionist activities, with constitutionally protected provisions for forming and joining trade unions. However, with 95% the working population engaged in subsistence activities, the numbers of trade union members are low. Trade unions The Union of Workers' Trade Unions of Niger (USTN) is the largest trade union A trade union (British English) or labor union (American English), often simply referred to as a union, is an organization of workers whose purpose is to maintain or improve the conditions of their employment, such as attaining better wages ... centre with a membership of 60,000. The Democratic Confederation of Workers of Niger (CDTN) was formed in 2001 as a breakaway union from the USTN. The Nigerien Confederation of Labour (CNT) is the third largest trade union centre. Strike actions 2009 Constitutional crisis On 25 June 2009, the CDTN trade union confederation led a 24-hour general strike across the nation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trade Unions In Mauritania
Human rights in Mauritania are generally seen as poor according to international observers, including Freedom House, the United States Department of State, and Amnesty International. In 2022, Freedom House rated Mauritania human rights at 35 out 100 (partly free). Overview With a July 2012 estimated population of 3.4 million, Mauritania is a highly centralized Islamic Republic with no legal provisions for freedom of religion. Coming from French colonial rule, Mauritania was ethnically divided between Arabic speaking tribal confederations of the north and sedentary black populations of the south, many of whom were traditionally bonded communities or enslaved individuals. The Mauritanian Government has a history of discriminating against these Toucouleurs and Soninke people within its borders. One such example occurred in 1987, when the government imprisoned southerners and threw others out of the Army, resulting in the Mauritania–Senegal Border War. Amnesty Internati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trade Unions In Senegal
Trade unionism is a powerful force in the politics, economy, and culture of Senegal, and was one of the earliest trades union movements to form in Francophone West Africa. History of Trade unionism in Senegal Senegal has a long history of Trade Union activism, and was one of the first centers of the African trade union movement, with small unions forming under French colonial rule in the 1920s. During the 1930s Popular Front government of France, limited union legalisation was extended to French subjects in West Africa. Senegal was also the home to the Four Communes, the only areas of French West Africa to afford residents (''Originaires'') French citizenship. In the year and a half after limited unionisation rights were granted to colonial subjects and residents of the Four Communes alike (from May to November 1937), 42 professional unions had been created in Senegal. This rapid development included the creation of an all-African trade union confederation for the Dakar area in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trade Unions In Guinea
Trade unions in Guinea were historically important - having played a pivotal role in the country's independence movement - and in recent years have again assumed a leading role. History Colonial period In 1945, Sekou Toure (later Guinea's first president) founded the first union in Guinea, organizing postal ( PTT) workers, and then in 1946, the Territorial Union of Guinean Trade Unions (''Union Territoriale des Syndicats de Guinée'', UTSG). Sekou Touré and Seydou Diallo (also of Guinea) were among the leaders in the creation of the French West African Confédération générale des travailleurs africains ('General Confederation of African Workers', CGTA) separate from the French union, Confédération Générale du Travail (CGT) in 1955-6.Agyeman, Opoku. The Failure of Grassroots Pan-Africanism: The Case of the All-African Trade Union Federation'. Lanham: Lexington Books, 2003. pp. 98-99 Following independence Trade unions were outlawed in 1961, following a teachers' strike, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Union Générale Des Travailleurs D'Afrique Noire
The General Union of Negro African Workers, more widely known by its French name ''Union générale des travailleurs d'Afrique noire'' ('General Workers Union of Black Africa', abbreviated UGTAN), was a pan-African trade union organization. Ahmed Sékou Touré was the main leader of the organization. In its heyday, around 90% of the trade unions in Francophone West Africa were affiliated to UGTAN. History Foundation UGTAN was founded at a conference in Cotonou on January 16, 1957, through the merger of Confédération générale des travailleurs africains (CGTA), the West African branches of the French Confédération générale du travail (CGT) and some independent unions. The conference was held following a call from the railway workers' union to build an independent and united African trade union centre.Chafer, Tony. The End of Empire in French West Africa: France's Successful Decolonization?' Oxford .a. Berg, 2002. p. 124 The Cotonou conference called for the setting up of UGT ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
