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Clinton Rickard
Clinton Rickard (1882–1971) was a Tuscarora chief known for founding the Indian Defense League, and for promoting Native American sovereignty. He worked for free passage of Native Americans across the US–Canada border, and to prevent the flooding of the Tuscarora Reservation. Biography Rickard was born 19 May 1882 on the Tuscarora Reservation in New York to George and Lucy Rickard "Clinton was one of ten soldiers detailed to protect Vice President Theodore Roosevelt on a visit to Buffalo in 1901. He later served with distinction in the US Cavalry during the Philippine insurrection after the Spanish–American War." He became a farmer, and was described as "plain-spoken." In 1926, Chief Clinton Rickards founded the Indian Defense League with Chief David Hill, Jr. and Sophie Martin. The purpose of the League is "to promote unrestricted travel across the international border between the United States and Canada." "Chief Rickard always preached the sovereignty of Indian natio ...
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Niagara County, New York
Niagara County is in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 212,666. The county seat is Lockport. The county name is from the Iroquois word ''Onguiaahra''; meaning ''the strait'' or ''thunder of waters''. Niagara County is part of the Buffalo–Niagara Falls metropolitan area, and across the Canada–US border is the province of Ontario. It is the location of Niagara Falls and Fort Niagara, and has many parks and lake shore recreation communities. In the summer of 2008, Niagara County celebrated its 200th birthday with the first settlement of the county, of Niagara Falls. History When counties were established in the New York colony in 1683, the present Niagara County was part of Albany County. Prior to the British, the area was part of New Netherland. Albany was an enormous county, including the northern part of New York State as well as all of the present State of Vermont and, in theory, extending westward to the Pacific Ocean. This cou ...
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World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers. World War II was a total war that directly involved more than 100 million personnel from more than 30 countries. The major participants in the war threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. Aircraft played a major role in the conflict, enabling the strategic bombing of population centres and deploying the only two nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II was by far the deadliest conflict in human history; it resulted in 70 to 85 million fatalities, mostly among civilians. Tens of millions died due to genocides (including the Holocaust), starvation, ma ...
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Tuscarora Language
Tuscarora, sometimes called , was the Iroquoian language of the Tuscarora people, spoken in southern Ontario, Canada, North Carolina and northwestern New York around Niagara Falls, in the United States, before going into hibernation in late 2020. The historic homeland of the Tuscarora was in eastern North Carolina, in and around the Goldsboro, Kinston, and Smithfield areas. The name ''Tuscarora'' ( ) means "hemp people," after the Indian hemp or milkweed, which they use in many aspects of their society. refers to the long shirt worn as part of the men's regalia, and so the name literally means "long shirt people." Tuscarora is recently extinct, the last fluent first language speaker having died in 2020. In the mid-1970s, 50 people spoke it on the Tuscarora Reservation (Lewiston, New York) and the Six Nations of the Grand River First Nation (near Brantford, Ontario). ThTuscarora School in Lewistonhas striven to keep Tuscarora alive as a heritage language by teaching children ...
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The Daily Record (Ohio)
The ''Daily Record'' refers to the following newspapers: Australia * ''Daily Record'' (Rockhampton), a newspaper published in Rockhampton, Queensland Scotland * ''Daily Record'' (Scotland), a Scottish tabloid based in Glasgow India * The Daily Records, an Indian daily news magazine based in New Delhi. United States * ''The Boston Record'', a former daily newspaper published in Boston, Massachusetts * ''Cañon City Daily Record'', a daily newspaper in Cañon City, Colorado * ''Daily Record'' (Arkansas), published in Little Rock * ''Daily Record'' (Maryland), a daily business and legal newspaper published in Baltimore, Maryland * ''Daily Record'' (New Jersey), a daily newspaper published in Morris County, New Jersey * ''The Daily Record'' (North Carolina), a daily newspaper published in Dunn, North Carolina * ''The Daily Record'' (Ohio), a daily newspaper published in Wooster, Ohio * ''Daily Record'' (Washington), a daily newspaper published in Ellensburg, Washington * ''Da ...
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Holmes County Traveler
Holmes may refer to: Name * Holmes (surname) * Holmes (given name) * Baron Holmes, noble title created twice in the Peerage of Ireland * Chris Holmes, Baron Holmes of Richmond (born 1971), British former swimmer and life peer Places In the United States * Holmes, California, an unincorporated community * Holmes, Iowa, an unincorporated community * Holmes, Kentucky, an unincorporated community * Holmes, Pennsylvania, an unincorporated community * Holmes, a hamlet within Pawling (town), New York * Holmes Township, Michigan * Holmes City Township, Minnesota * Holmes Township, Crawford County, Ohio * Holmes County, Florida * Holmes County, Mississippi * Holmes County, Ohio * Mount Holmes, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming * Fort Holmes, Mackinac Island, Michigan * Holmes Island (Indiana), an island and community * Holmes Island (Washington), an island * Holmes Reservation, a conservation parcel in Plymouth, Massachusetts In Antarctica * Holmes Summit * Holmes Glacier * Holmes Hill ...
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Niagara Falls State Park
Niagara Falls State Park is located in the City of Niagara Falls in Niagara County, New York, United States. The park, recognized as the oldest state park in the United States, contains the American Falls, the Bridal Veil Falls, and a portion of the Horseshoe Falls (also known as the Canadian Falls). History Prior to being protected, the lands surrounding Niagara Falls on both sides of the river were largely controlled by private interests, and public access to the falls was limited. Landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted, an early champion of the falls' surroundings, began advocating for their preservation in the 1860s. In 1879, at the behest of the New York State Legislature, Olmsted and State Surveyor James T. Gardner helped prepare a special report on the falls' conditions, which argued for increased public access to the falls and recommended that the state purchase lands for that purpose. The report was followed by a publicity and petitioning campaign that helped bring t ...
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Heinz Gaugel
Heinz Gaugel (August 25,1927-December 28, 2000) was a German-Canadian artist. He created multiple installations in the US and Canada, the most well-known of which is the Behalt Cyclorama, Behalt cyclorama at the Amish and Mennonite Heritage Center (AMHC) in Holmes County, Ohio. Early life and education Heinz Gaugel was born August 25, 1927 in Eybach in the Black Forest region of Germany, where he grew up speaking Swabish, a dialect similar to the Pennsylvania Dutch language, Pennsylvania Dutch spoken by most Amish. He had a brother. He began painting at the age of twelve and was self-taught. Military service Gaugel was drafted into the German army during World War II in 1944, when he was 17, sent to the Western Front (World War II), Western Front, and fought in the Battle of the Bulge. As Gaugel described it, "We had guns from World War I and a few rounds of ammunition eachthat's it." Most of his unit were killed in the battle. He was wounded, captured by the American forces, ...
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Niagara Falls, Park (cropped)
Niagara may refer to: Geography Niagara Falls and nearby places In both the United States and Canada * Niagara Falls, the famous waterfalls in the Niagara River *Niagara River, part of the U.S.–Canada border *Niagara Escarpment, the cliff over which the river forms the falls * Niagara Whirlpool, a natural whirlpool downstream from the falls * Niagara Gorge, formed by the recession of the falls United States * Niagara Falls, New York, the U.S. city adjacent to the falls * Niagara County, New York ** Niagara Falls State Park, the oldest state park in the US ** Niagara Escarpment AVA, New York wine region * Niagara, New York, a town * Fort Niagara, near Youngstown, New York * Niagara Frontier, a region south of Lakes Ontario and Erie * Buffalo–Niagara Falls metropolitan area * Buffalo Niagara Region, an economic region Canada * Niagara Falls, Ontario, the Canadian city adjacent to the falls * Niagara-on-the-Lake * Niagara Peninsula, between Lakes Ontario and Erie * Ni ...
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Federal Government Of The United States
The federal government of the United States (U.S. federal government or U.S. government) is the national government of the United States, a federal republic located primarily in North America, composed of 50 states, a city within a federal district (the city of Washington in the District of Columbia, where most of the federal government is based), five major self-governing territories and several island possessions. The federal government, sometimes simply referred to as Washington, is composed of three distinct branches: legislative, executive, and judicial, whose powers are vested by the U.S. Constitution in the Congress, the president and the federal courts, respectively. The powers and duties of these branches are further defined by acts of Congress, including the creation of executive departments and courts inferior to the Supreme Court. Naming The full name of the republic is "United States of America". No other name appears in the Constitution, and this i ...
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Federal Power Commission V
Federal or foederal (archaic) may refer to: Politics General *Federal monarchy, a federation of monarchies *Federation, or ''Federal state'' (federal system), a type of government characterized by both a central (federal) government and states or regional governments that are partially self-governing; a union of states *Federal republic, a federation which is a republic *Federalism, a political philosophy *Federalist, a political belief or member of a political grouping *Federalization, implementation of federalism Particular governments *Federal government of the United States **United States federal law **United States federal courts *Government of Argentina *Government of Australia *Government of Pakistan *Federal government of Brazil *Government of Canada *Government of India *Federal government of Mexico * Federal government of Nigeria *Government of Russia *Government of South Africa *Government of Philippines Other *''The Federalist Papers'', critical early arguments in fa ...
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New York Power Authority
The New York Power Authority (NYPA), officially the Power Authority of the State of New York, is a New York State public-benefit corporation. It is the largest state public power utility in the United States. NYPA provides some of the lowest-cost electricity in the nation, operating 16 generating facilities and more than 1,400 circuit-miles of transmission lines. Its main administrative offices are in White Plains. NYPA uses no state tax dollars and incurs no state debt, financing its projects principally through the sale of bonds. The bonds are repaid and the projects operated using revenues from operations. State and federal regulations determine NYPA’s customer base, which includes large and small businesses, not-for-profit organizations, public power systems and government agencies. NYPA also sells electricity to private utilities for resale (without profit) to their customers, and to neighboring states, under federal requirements. Approximately 70 percent of the electri ...
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Alien (law)
In law, an alien is any person (including an organization) who is not a citizenship, citizen or a nationality, national of a specific country, although definitions and terminology differ to some degree depending upon the continent or region. More generally, however, the term "alien" is perceived as synonymous with foreign national. (explaining that "the term 'foreign national' means.... (2) an individual who is not a citizen of the United States or a national of the United States (as defined in section 1101(a)(22) of title 8) and who is not green card, lawfully admitted for permanent residence, as defined by section 1101(a)(20) of title 8."). Lexicology The term "alien" is derived from the Latin ''alienus'', which in turn is derived from the Oscan ''mancupatis'', (a proto-Etruscan tribe), meaning a slave. The Latin later came to mean a stranger, a foreigner, or someone not related by blood. Similar terms to "alien" in this context include ''foreigner'' and ''lander''. Categor ...
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