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Clavulinopsis Fusiformis
''Clavulinopsis fusiformis'', commonly known as golden spindles, spindle-shaped yellow coral, or spindle-shaped fairy club, is a species of coral fungus in the family Clavariaceae. Taxonomy The species was first described as ''Clavaria fusiformis'' by English botanist James Sowerby in 1799, from collections made in Hampstead Heath in London. Elias Fries called it a variety of ''Clavaria inaequalis'' in 1828. It was transferred to ''Clavulinopsis'' by E.J.H. Corner in 1950. Ronald H. Petersen transferred it to ''Ramariopsis'' in 1978. The specific epithet ''fusiformis'', derived from Latin, means "spindle-shaped". It is commonly known variously as "golden spindles", "spindle-shaped yellow coral", or "spindle-shaped fairy club" or, recently "French Fries Mushroom". Description The fruit bodies take the shape of bright yellow, thin clubs tall, with narrow, pointed tips. The firm and brittle flesh, also yellow, becomes hollow in maturity. The spores are broadly ellipsoid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James Sowerby
James Sowerby (21 March 1757 – 25 October 1822) was an English naturalist, illustrator and mineralogist. Contributions to published works, such as ''A Specimen of the Botany of New Holland'' or ''English Botany'', include his detailed and appealing plates. The use of vivid colour and accessible texts were intended to reach a widening audience in works of natural history. Biography James Sowerby was born in Lambeth, London, his parents were named John and Arabella. Having decided to become a painter of flowers his first venture was with William Curtis, whose ''Flora Londinensis'' he illustrated. Sowerby studied art at the Royal Academy and took an apprenticeship with Richard Wright. He married Anne Brettingham De Carle and they were to have three sons: James De Carle Sowerby (1787–1871), George Brettingham Sowerby I (1788–1854) and Charles Edward Sowerby (1795–1842), the Sowerby family of naturalists. His sons and theirs were to contribute and continue the enormous vo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basidia
A basidium () is a microscopic sporangium (a spore-producing structure) found on the hymenophore of fruiting bodies of basidiomycete fungi which are also called tertiary mycelium, developed from secondary mycelium. Tertiary mycelium is highly-coiled secondary myceliuma dikaryon. The presence of basidia is one of the main characteristic features of the Basidiomycota. A basidium usually bears four sexual spores called basidiospores; occasionally the number may be two or even eight. In a typical basidium, each basidiospore is borne at the tip of a narrow prong or horn called a sterigma (), and is forcibly discharged upon maturity. The word ''basidium'' literally means "little pedestal", from the way in which the basidium supports the spores. However, some biologists suggest that the structure more closely resembles a club. An immature basidium is known as a basidiole. Structure Most basidiomycota have single celled basidia (holobasidia), but in some groups basidia can be multice ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agglutinin
An agglutinin is a substance in the blood that causes particles to coagulate and aggregate; that is, to change from fluid-like state to a thickened-mass (solid) state. Agglutinins can be antibodies that cause antigens to aggregate by binding to the antigen-binding sites of antibodies. Agglutinins can also be any substance other than antibodies, such as sugar-binding protein lectins. When an agglutinin is added to a uniform suspension of particles, such as bacteria or blood, in a test tube (in vitro), agglutinin binds to the agglutinin-specific structure on the particle causing the particles to aggregate and fall to the bottom, leaving a clear suspension. This phenomenon known as agglutination is of great importance in medicine, as it serves as a diagnostic tool.antu Medical relevance Reaction of particles with agglutinin is used to indicate present or past host contact with a pathogen. A host infected with a pathogen produces antibodies to neutralize the pathogen. As a r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fargesia Spathacea
''Fargesia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the grass family. These bamboos are native primarily to China, with a few species in Vietnam and in the eastern Himalayas. Some species are cultivated as ornamentals, with common names including umbrella bamboo and fountain bamboo. They are medium to small mountain clumping bamboos, native to alpine conifer forests of East Asia, from China south to Vietnam and west to the eastern slopes of the Himalayas. They are known in Chinese as ''jian zhu'' (), meaning "arrow bamboo". The scientific name was given in honour of the French missionary and amateur botanist Père Paul Guillaume Farges (1844–1912). Fargesias are some of the world's hardiest bamboos, but they do not spread vigorously. Common bamboos in the genus ''Fargesia'' are essential foods for giant pandas, and large-scale flowering of its species has had a devastating effect on panda populations. Giant panda habitat will therefore need at least two species of ''Fargesia'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saprobic
Saprotrophic nutrition or lysotrophic nutrition is a process of chemoheterotrophic extracellular digestion involved in the processing of decayed (dead or waste) organic matter. It occurs in saprotrophs, and is most often associated with fungi (for example ''Mucor'') and soil bacteria. Saprotrophic microscopic fungi are sometimes called saprobes; saprotrophic plants or bacterial flora are called saprophytes ( sapro- 'rotten material' + -phyte 'plant'), although it is now believed that all plants previously thought to be saprotrophic are in fact parasites of microscopic fungi or other plants. The process is most often facilitated through the active transport of such materials through endocytosis within the internal mycelium and its constituent hyphae. states the purpose of saprotrophs and their internal nutrition, as well as the main two types of fungi that are most often referred to, as well as describes, visually, the process of saprotrophic nutrition through a diagram of hyph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clavulinopsis Luteoalba
''Clavulinopsis'' is a genus of coral fungi in the family Clavariaceae. The genus, first described scientifically by Casper van Overeem Casper van Overeem (1 October 1893 – 27 February 1927) was a Dutch mycologist. He was known for his studies on the fungal flora of Indonesia. He received his PhD from the University of Zurich in 1920, with a dissertation titled ''Über Formen a ... in 1923, has a widespread distribution. The name means "having the appearance of '' Clavulina''". Species , Index Fungorum lists 67 valid species in ''Clavulinopsis'': *'' C. alcicornis'' *'' C. amoena'' *'' C. antillarum'' *'' C. appalachiensis'' *'' C. archeri'' *'' C. arctica'' *'' C. arenicola'' *'' C. aurantia'' *'' C. aurantiobrunnea'' *'' C. aurantiocinnabarina'' *'' C. boninensis'' *'' C. brevipes'' *'' C. candida'' *'' C. carneola'' *'' C. cinnamomea'' *'' C. cirrata'' *'' C. citrinoalba'' *'' C. coliformis'' *'' C. corallinorosacea'' *'' C. corniculata'' (edible) *'' C. depokensis'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clavulinopsis Helvola
''Clavulinopsis helvola'', commonly known as the yellow club fungus, is a mushroom A mushroom or toadstool is the fleshy, spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus, typically produced above ground, on soil, or on its food source. ''Toadstool'' generally denotes one poisonous to humans. The standard for the name "mushroom" is t ... in the family Clavariaceae. References External linksVideo footage of the yellow club fungus {{Taxonbar, from=Q138029 Clavariaceae Fungi of Europe Fungi described in 1797 Taxa named by Pier Andrea Saccardo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clavulinopsis Laeticolor
''Clavulinopsis laeticolor'' is a coral mushroom in the family Clavariaceae. It has fruit bodies with slender, bright orange to yellow arms up to tall and 3 mm wide. It fruits singly or in loose groups on the ground, often among mosses. A widely distributed species, it is found in Asia, Europe, North America, and New Zealand. Similar species include ''Clavulinopsis fusiformis'', '' C. helvola'', ''Alloclavaria purpurea'', ''Calocera cornea'', ''Clavaria fragilis ''Clavaria fragilis'', commonly known as fairy fingers, white worm coral, or white spindles, is a species of fungus in the family Clavariaceae. It is synonymous with ''Clavaria vermicularis''. The fungus is the type species of the genus ''Clav ...'', and ''Macrotyphula juncea''. Some cannot be distinguished without observation of microscopic features. References External links * Clavariaceae Fungi described in 1868 Fungi of Asia Fungi of Europe Fungi of New Zealand Fungi of North America Taxa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clavaria Amoenoides
''Clavaria'' is a genus of fungi in the family Clavariaceae. Species of ''Clavaria'' produce basidiocarps (fruit bodies) that are either cylindrical to club-shaped or branched and coral-like. They are often grouped with similar-looking species from other genera, when they are collectively known as the clavarioid fungi. All ''Clavaria'' species are terrestrial and most (if not all) are believed to be saprotrophic (decomposing dead plant material). In Europe, they are typical of old, mossy, unimproved grassland. In North America and elsewhere, they are more commonly found in woodlands. History ''Clavaria'' (the name is derived from the Latin "clava", a club) was first introduced as a genus name by Vaillant (1727), later accepted by Micheli (1729), and was one of the original genera used by Linnaeus in his ''Species Plantarum'' of 1753. It contained all species of fungi with erect, club-shaped or branched (coral-like) fruit bodies, including many that are now referred to the Asc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clavaria Fragilis
''Clavaria fragilis'', commonly known as fairy fingers, white worm coral, or white spindles, is a species of fungus in the family Clavariaceae. It is synonymous with ''Clavaria vermicularis''. The fungus is the type species of the genus ''Clavaria'' and is a typical member of the clavarioid or club fungi. It produces tubular, unbranched, white basidiocarps (fruit bodies) that typically grow in clusters. The fruit bodies can reach dimensions of tall by thick. ''Clavaria fragilis'' is a saprobic species, growing in woodland litter or in old, unimproved grassland. It is widespread throughout temperate regions in the Northern Hemisphere, but has also been reported from Australia and South Africa. The fungus is edible, but insubstantial and flavorless. There are several other small white coral-like fungi with which ''C. fragilis'' may be confused. History and taxonomy ''Clavaria fragilis'' was originally described from Denmark in 1790 by Danish naturalist and mycologist The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nepal
Nepal (; ne, नेपाल ), formerly the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal ( ne, सङ्घीय लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपाल ), is a landlocked country in South Asia. It is mainly situated in the Himalayas, but also includes parts of the Indo-Gangetic Plain, bordering the Tibet Autonomous Region of China to the north, and India in the south, east, and west, while it is narrowly separated from Bangladesh by the Siliguri Corridor, and from Bhutan by the Indian state of Sikkim. Nepal has a diverse geography, including fertile plains, subalpine forested hills, and eight of the world's ten tallest mountains, including Mount Everest, the highest point on Earth. Nepal is a multi-ethnic, multi-lingual, multi-religious and multi-cultural state, with Nepali as the official language. Kathmandu is the nation's capital and the largest city. The name "Nepal" is first recorded in texts from the Vedic period of the India ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edible Mushroom
Edible mushrooms are the fleshy and edible fruit bodies of several species of macrofungi (fungi which bear fruiting structures that are large enough to be seen with the naked eye). They can appear either below ground (hypogeous) or above ground (epigeous) where they may be picked by hand. Edibility may be defined by criteria that include absence of poisonous effects on humans and desirable taste and aroma. Edible mushrooms are consumed for their nutritional and culinary value. Mushrooms, especially dried shiitake, are sources of umami flavor. Edible mushrooms include many fungal species that are either harvested wild or cultivated. Easily cultivated and common wild mushrooms are often available in markets, and those that are more difficult to obtain (such as the prized truffle, matsutake, and morel) may be collected on a smaller scale by private gatherers. Some preparations may render certain poisonous mushrooms fit for consumption. Before assuming that any wild mushroom is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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