Clavicipitaceae

	Clavicipitaceae The Clavicipitaceae are a family of fungi within the order Hypocreales. A 2008 estimate placed 43 genera in the family, but recent work has increased this number to 97. Phylogeny Molecular phylogenetic analysis of multigene DNA sequence data indicates the taxon Clavicipitaceae is paraphyletic, and consists of three well-defined clades, at least one of which is shared with members of another fungal family (Hypocreaceae). The evolution within the Clavicipitaceae is marked by interkingdom host jumping, and the range of this large and heterogeneous fungal group spans mutualistic plant symbionts, as well as parasites of plants, insects, and other fungi. Significance Many of its members produce alkaloids toxic to animals and humans. One of its most infamous species is ''Claviceps purpurea'', which has historical significance as the cause of St. Anthony's fire, also known as ergotism. Ergotism is caused by ergot alkaloids, such as ergotamine and ergocristine, which are chemical d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Metarhizium ''Metarhizium'' is a genus of entomopathogenic fungi in the Clavicipitaceae family. With the advent of genetic profiling, placing these fungi in proper taxa has now become possible. Most turn out to be the asexual forms (anamorphs) of fungi in the phylum Ascomycota, including ''Metacordyceps'' spp. Species Before molecular techniques were introduced at the end of the 20th century, ''Metarhizium'' species were identified on morphological (notably conidial) characteristics. The 'original' species included: '' M. anisopliae'' (with '' M.a. var. major''), '' M. brunneum'', '' M. cicadinum'', '' M. cylindrosporum'', '' M. flavoviride'', '' M. taii'', '' M. truncatum'', and '' M. viridicolumnare''. In 2009, nine former varieties of the type species '' M. anisopliae'' were assigned species status. New species have continued to be identified, with original names sometimes re-instated (notably '' M. brunneum''). The first complete chromosome length genome sequence for any ''Meta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Ergot Alkaloids Ergot ( ) or ergot fungi refers to a group of fungi of the genus ''Claviceps''. The most prominent member of this group is ''Claviceps purpurea'' ("rye ergot fungus"). This fungus grows on rye and related plants, and produces alkaloids that can cause ergotism in humans and other mammals who consume grains contaminated with its fruiting structure (called ''ergot sclerotium''). ''Claviceps'' includes about 50 known species, mostly in the tropical regions. Economically significant species include ''C. purpurea'' (parasitic on grasses and cereals), ''C. fusiformis'' (on pearl millet, buffel grass), ''C. paspali'' (on dallis grass), ''C. africana'' (on sorghum), and ''C. lutea'' (on paspalum). ''C. purpurea'' most commonly affects outcrossing species such as rye (its most common host), as well as triticale, wheat, and barley. It affects oats only rarely. ''C. purpurea'' has at least three races or varieties, which differ in their host specificity: G1 — land grasses of open ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Berkelella ''Berkelella'' is a genus of fungi within the Clavicipitaceae The Clavicipitaceae are a family of fungi within the order Hypocreales. A 2008 estimate placed 43 genera in the family, but recent work has increased this number to 97. Phylogeny Molecular phylogenetic analysis of multigene DNA sequence data ... family. References External linksIndex Fungorum Sordariomycetes genera Clavicipitaceae {{Hypocreales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Balansia ''Balansia'' is a genus of fungi in the family Clavicipitaceae. Species from this genus have been found to produce an ergopeptine Ergoline is a chemical compound whose structural skeleton is contained in a variety of alkaloids, referred to as ergoline derivatives or ergoline alkaloids. Ergoline alkaloids, one being ergine, were initially characterized in ergot. Some of thes ... otherwise unknown in nature, and based upon this discovery it was subsequently named ergobalansineErgot: The Genus Claviceps, Vladimír Křen, Ladislav Cvak References Sordariomycetes genera Clavicipitaceae Taxa named by Carlo Luigi Spegazzini {{Hypocreales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Atricordyceps ''Atricordyceps'' is a genus of fungi within the Clavicipitaceae The Clavicipitaceae are a family of fungi within the order Hypocreales. A 2008 estimate placed 43 genera in the family, but recent work has increased this number to 97. Phylogeny Molecular phylogenetic analysis of multigene DNA sequence data ... family. References Sordariomycetes genera Clavicipitaceae {{Hypocreales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Atkinsonella ''Atkinsonella'' is a genus of fungi within the Clavicipitaceae The Clavicipitaceae are a family of fungi within the order Hypocreales. A 2008 estimate placed 43 genera in the family, but recent work has increased this number to 97. Phylogeny Molecular phylogenetic analysis of multigene DNA sequence data in ... family. References External linksIndex Fungorum Sordariomycetes genera Clavicipitaceae {{Hypocreales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Aciculosporium ''Aciculosporium'' is a genus of fungi in the family Clavicipitaceae. Species of this genus cause witches' broom of bamboo in East Asia. ''Aciculosporium take'' grows intercellularly in witches' broom shoots, including shoot apical meristems. The stroma are produced around the apex of the host shoots. Species The ''index fungorum ''Index Fungorum'' is an international project to index all formal names ( scientific names) in the fungus kingdom. the project is based at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, one of three partners along with Landcare Research and the Institute of M ...'' currently (2021) lists: # '' Aciculosporium monostipum'' (J.F. White, Bills, S.C. Alderman & Spatafora) M. Kolařík & Píchová (2018) # '' Aciculosporium oplismeni'' E. Tanaka (2021) # '' Aciculosporium phalaridis'' (J. Walker) M. Kolařík & Píchová (2018) # '' Aciculosporium sasicola'' Oguchi (2001) # '' Aciculosporium take'' I. Miyake (1908) References Sordariomycetes genera Clavicipitac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Aschersonia ''Aschersonia'' is a genus of fungi in the order Hypocreales and family Clavicipitaceae. The genus name of ''Aschersonia'' is in honour of Paul Friedrich August Ascherson (1834 – 1913), a German botanist. Species ''Mycobank''Mycobank Database''Aschersonia''/ref> lists the following: # '' Aschersonia abnormis'' # '' Aschersonia acutispora'' # ''Aschersonia aleyrodis'' Webber 1897 # '' Aschersonia amazonica'' # '' Aschersonia andropogonis'' # '' Aschersonia aurantiaca'' # '' Aschersonia australiensis'' Henn. 1903 # '' Aschersonia badia'' # '' Aschersonia basicystis'' # '' Aschersonia blumenaviensis'' # '' Aschersonia brunnea'' # '' Aschersonia caapi'' # '' Aschersonia caespiticia'' # '' Aschersonia calendulina'' # '' Aschersonia calendulina'' # '' Aschersonia carpinicola'' # '' Aschersonia chaetospora'' # '' Aschersonia cinnabarina'' # '' Aschersonia coffeae'' # '' Aschersonia columnifera'' # '' Aschersonia confluens'' # '' Aschersonia conica'' # '' Aschersonia consociata'' # '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Barya (fungus) Barya may refer to: * Nara people, or Barya, an ethnic group inhabiting southwestern Eritrea * Barya, India, a settlement in Dakshina Kannada district, India * ''Barya'' (fungus), a genus of funguses in the family Clavicipitaceae * ''Barya'', a genus of plants in the family Begoniaceae, synonym of ''Begonia ''Begonia'' is a genus of perennial flowering plants in the family Begoniaceae. The genus contains more than 2,000 different plant species. The Begonias are native to moist subtropical and tropical climates. Some species are commonly grown ind ... '' {{Disambiguation, genus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Ergotamine Ergotamine, sold under the brand names Cafergot (with caffeine) and Ergomar among others, is an ergopeptine and part of the ergot family of alkaloids; it is structurally and biochemically closely related to ergoline. It possesses structural similarity to several neurotransmitters, and has biological activity as a vasoconstrictor. It is used Pharmacology, medicinally for treatment of acute migraine attacks (sometimes in combination with caffeine). Medicinal usage of ergot fungus began in the 16th century to induce childbirth, yet dosage uncertainties discouraged the use. It has been used to prevent post-partum hemorrhage (bleeding after childbirth). It was first isolated from the ergot, ergot fungus by Arthur Stoll at Sandoz in 1918 and marketed as Gynergen in 1921. Biosynthesis Ergotamine is a secondary metabolite (natural product) and the principal alkaloid produced by the ergot fungus, ''Claviceps purpurea'', and related fungi in the family Clavicipitaceae. Its biosynthesis in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Claviceps Purpurea ''Claviceps purpurea'' is an ergot fungus that grows on the ears of rye and related cereal and forage plants. Consumption of grains or seeds contaminated with the survival structure of this fungus, the ergot sclerotium, can cause ergotism in humans and other mammals. ''C. purpurea'' most commonly affects outcrossing species such as rye (its most common host), as well as triticale, wheat and barley. It affects oats only rarely. Life cycle An ''ergot kernel'' called ''Sclerotium clavus'' develops when a floret of flowering grass or cereal is infected by an ascospore of ''C. purpurea''. The infection process mimics a pollen grain growing into an ovary during fertilization. Because infection requires access of the fungal spore to the stigma, plants infected by ''C. purpurea'' are mainly outcrossing species with open flowers, such as rye (''Secale cereale'') and Alopecurus. The proliferating fungal mycelium then destroys the plant ovary and connects with the vascular bundle o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Hypocreales The Hypocreales are an order of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. In 2008, it was estimated that it contained some 237 genera, and 2647 species in seven families. Since then, a considerable number of further taxa have been identified, including an additional family, the Stachybotryaceae. According to the Catalog of Life, the Hypocreales contains 6 families, 137 genera, and 1411 species. Species of Hypocreales are usually recognized by their brightly colored, perithecial ascomata, or spore-producing structures. These are often yellow, orange or red. Genera ''incertae sedis'' According to a 2020 review of fungal classification, the following genera within the Hypocreales have an uncertain taxonomic placement (''incertae sedis''), and have not been assigned to any family: '' Acremoniopsis'' – 1 sp. '' Berkelella'' – 2 spp. '' Bulbithecium'' – 1 sp. '' Cephalosporiopsis'' – 10 spp. '' Chondronectria'' – 1 sp. '' Cylindronectria'' – 1 sp. '' Diploos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]