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Claude Garamond
Claude Garamont (–1561), known commonly as Claude Garamond, was a French type designer, publisher and punch-cutter based in Paris. Garamond worked as an engraver of punches, the masters used to stamp matrices, the moulds used to cast metal type. He worked in the tradition now called old-style serif design, which produced letters with a relatively organic structure resembling handwriting with a pen but with a slightly more structured and upright design. Considered one of the leading type designers of all time, he is recognised to this day for the elegance of his typefaces. Many old-style serif typefaces are collectively known as Garamond, named after the designer. Garamond was one of the first independent punchcutters, specialising in type design and punch-cutting as a service to others rather than working in house for a specific printer. His career therefore helped to define the future of commercial printing with typefounding as a distinct industry to printing books. Early ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gospel Estienne 1550
Gospel originally meant the Christian message ("the gospel"), but in the second century AD the term (, from which the English word originated as a calque) came to be used also for the books in which the message was reported. In this sense a gospel can be defined as a loose-knit, episodic narrative of the words and deeds of Jesus, culminating in his trial and death, and concluding with various reports of his post-resurrection appearances. The Gospels are commonly seen as literature that is based on oral traditions, Christian preaching, and Old Testament exegesis with the consensus being that they are a variation of Greco-Roman biography; similar to other ancient works such as Xenophon's ''Memoirs of Socrates''. They are meant to convince people that Jesus was a charismatic miracle-working holy man, providing examples for readers to emulate. As such, they present the Christian message of the second half of the first century AD, Modern biblical scholars are therefore cauti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fontainebleau
Fontainebleau ( , , ) is a Communes of France, commune in the Functional area (France), metropolitan area of Paris, France. It is located south-southeast of the Kilometre zero#France, centre of Paris. Fontainebleau is a Subprefectures in France, sub-prefecture of the Seine-et-Marne Departments of France, department, and it is the seat of the Arrondissement of Fontainebleau, ''arrondissement'' of Fontainebleau. The commune has the largest land area in the Île-de-France region; it is the only one to cover a larger area than Paris itself. The commune is closest to Seine-et-Marne Prefecture Melun. Fontainebleau, together with the neighbouring commune of Avon, Seine-et-Marne, Avon and three other smaller communes, form an urban area of 36,724 inhabitants (2018). This urban area is a satellite of Paris. Fontainebleau is renowned for the large and scenic Forest of Fontainebleau, a favourite weekend getaway for Parisians, as well as for the historic Palace of Fontainebleau, Château ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Angelo Vergecio
Angelo Vergecio (, ; 1505–1569) was a Greek copyist from Crete active in Venice and France. He became a royal scribe for Francis I of France and his successors, was responsible for copying over fifty Greek manuscripts, and played a role in the dissemination of Greek among the humanist circles in France. His handwriting formed the basis of the ''grecs du roi'' typeface designed by Claude Garamond Claude Garamont (–1561), known commonly as Claude Garamond, was a French type designer, publisher and punch-cutter based in Paris. Garamond worked as an engraver of punches, the masters used to stamp matrices, the moulds used to cast metal ty .... Bibliography * Alphonse Dain. « La fille d’Ange Vergèce », ''Humanisme et Renaissance'' 1 (1934) p. 133-144. * Alphonse Dain. « Commerce et copie de manuscrits grecs », ''Humanisme et Renaissance'' 4 (1937) p. 395-410. * Charles Delattre. ''Nommer le monde : origine des noms de fleuves, de montagnes et de ce qui s'y tro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grecs Du Roi
''Les Grecs du roi'' (lit. "the king's Greeks") are a celebrated and influential Greek alphabet typeface in the Greek minuscule style which was cut by the French punchcutter Claude Garamond between 1541 and 1550. Arthur Tilley calls the books printed from them "among the most finished specimens of typography that exist". The ''Grecs du roi'' punches were ordered by Pierre du Chastel on behalf of King Francis I of France from Robert Estienne in a contract dated 2 November 1540 and remain the property of the French government. The design was based on the handwriting of the Cretan copyist Angelo Vergecio, and includes many alternate letters and ligatures. The ''Grecs du roi'' were influenced by types cut by Francesco Griffo and used by printer Aldus Manutius in Venice. The types formed the basic model for Greek typefaces for the next two centuries. History Garamond was contracted to cut the ''Grecs du roi'' types on 2 November 1540. It took Garamond nearly 10 years to com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ancient Greek Language
Ancient Greek (, ; ) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the classical antiquity, ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC. It is often roughly divided into the following periods: Mycenaean Greek (), Greek Dark Ages, Dark Ages (), the Archaic Greece, Archaic or Homeric Greek, Homeric period (), and the Classical Greece, Classical period (). Ancient Greek was the language of Homer and of fifth-century Athens, fifth-century Athenian historians, playwrights, and Ancient Greek philosophy, philosophers. It has contributed many words to English vocabulary and has been a standard subject of study in educational institutions of the Western world since the Renaissance. This article primarily contains information about the Homeric Greek, Epic and Classical periods of the language, which are the best-attested periods and considered most typical of Ancient Greek. From the Hellenistic period (), Ancient Greek was followed by Koine Greek, which is regar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conrad Neobar
Conrad may refer to: People * Conrad (name) * Saint Conrad (other) Places United States * Conrad, Illinois, an unincorporated community * Conrad, Iowa, a city * Conrad, Montana, a city * Conrad Glacier, Washington Elsewhere * Conrad, Alberta, Canada, a former unincorporated community * Conrad Mountains, Queen Maud Land, Antarctica * Mount Conrad, Oates Land, Antarctica * Mount Conrad (Canada), Purcell Mountains, British Columbia Businesses * Conrad Editora, a Brazilian publisher * Conrad Electronic, a German retailer * Conrad Hotels, the global luxury brand of Hilton Hotels * Conrad Models, a German manufacturer of diecast toys and promotional models Other uses * ''Conrad'' (comic strip) * CONRAD (organization), an American organization that promotes reproductive health in the developing world * ORP ''Conrad'', name of the cruiser HMS ''Danae'' (D44) while loaned to the Polish Navy (1944-1946) See also * Conradi * Conradin * Conradines * Conr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francis I Of France
Francis I (; ; 12 September 1494 – 31 March 1547) was King of France from 1515 until his death in 1547. He was the son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy. He succeeded his first cousin once removed and father-in-law Louis XII, who died without a legitimate son. A prodigious patron of the arts, Francis promoted the emergent French Renaissance by attracting many Italian artists to work for him, including Leonardo da Vinci, who brought the ''Mona Lisa'', which Francis had acquired. Francis's reign saw important cultural changes with the growth of central power in France, the spread of humanism and Protestantism, and the beginning of French exploration of the New World. Jacques Cartier and others claimed lands in the Americas for France and paved the way for the expansion of the first French colonial empire. For his role in the development and promotion of the French language, Francis became known as (the 'Father and Restorer of Letters'). He was also known ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean De Gagny
Jean de Gagny (died 1549) was a French theologian. He was at the Collège de Navarre in 1524. He became Rector of the University of Paris, in 1531, and Almoner Royal, in 1536. In 1546 he became Chancellor of the University of Paris. He published some significant Roman Catholic commentaries on parts of the ''New Testament''. He was also a business partner of the typographer Claude Garamond, and collector of manuscripts, particularly of patristic works. His position close to Francis I of France Francis I (; ; 12 September 1494 – 31 March 1547) was King of France from 1515 until his death in 1547. He was the son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy. He succeeded his first cousin once removed and father-in-law Louis&nbs ... gave him access to monastic libraries. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charlotte Guillard
Charlotte Guillard (c. 1485 - 1557) was an early printer who directed the ''Soleil d'Or'' printing house in Paris. Annie Parent described her as a "notability of the Rue Saint-Jacques", the street in the Latin Quarter where the shop was located. Twice married and twice widowed, Guillard operated her own publishing imprint for theological books during her two periods of widowhood, that is to say in 1519–20, and in 1537–57. While she was not the first woman printer, succeeding both Anna Rugerin of Augsburg (1484) and Anna Fabri of Stockholm (1496), she was the first woman printer with a significantly known career. Biography Early life Guillard was very likely born in the late 1480s in Saint-Calais, France. Her name is sometime spelled ''Guillart'' and in Latin books as Carola Guillard. Living in the province of Maine in France, her parents were Jacques Guillard and Guillemyne Savary. The professions of her parents are unknown, but her known relatives are mostly merchants or l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simon De Colines
Simon de Colines (c. 14801546) was a Parisian printer (publisher), printer and one of the first printers of the French Renaissance. He was active in Paris as a printer and worked exclusively for the University of Paris from 1520 to 1546. In addition to his work as a printer, Colines worked as an editor, publisher, and Punchcutting, punchcutter. Over the course of his lifetime, he published over 700 separate editions (almost 4% of books published in 16th-century Paris). Colines used elegant roman and italic types and a Greek type, with accents, that were superior to their predecessors. These are now called French Serif#Old-style, old-style, a style that remained popular for over 200 years and revived in the early 20th century. He used rabbits, satyrs, and philosophers as his pressmark. Life Colines was born between 1480 and 1490, possibly south of Paris, where his siblings later owned farms. He probably studied at the University of Paris and probably worked for the elder Henri Est ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antoine Augereau
Antoine Augereau (1485–1534) was a Renaissance printer, bookseller and punchcutter in Paris. He was one of the first French punchcutters to produce Roman type, at a time where other French printers were mostly using blackletter. He worked for Robert Estienne, who was one of the earliest Parisian printers to print Roman type, in the style of Aldus Manutius. He was a contemporary of other eminent French printers, such as Simon de Colines and Geoffroy Tory, while Claude Garamond, whose roman type became the most influential in Europe, apprenticed with him around the year 1510. Biography His print-shop located on Rue Saint-Jacques, was only in businesses for three years, between 1532 and 1534. In 1533 he published anonymously Queen Marguerite de Navarre's '' Miroir de l'âme pécheresse'' ("The Mirror of the Sinful Soul"), a work of mystical Christian poetry that was immediately condemned by the Sorbonne's Faculty of Theology and forwarded to the Parliament for censorship. Under ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
