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Clarke–Riley Diffusion Flame
In combustion, Clarke–Riley diffusion flame is a diffusion flame that develops inside a naturally convected boundary layer on a hot fuel surface with quiescent oxidizer environment, first studied and experimentally verified by John Frederick Clarke and Norman Riley in 1976.Clarke, J. F., & Riley, N. (1976). Free convection and the burning of a horizontal fuel surface. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 74(3), 415-431. This problem is an extension of Emmons problem. See also *Emmons problem *Liñán's diffusion flame theory Liñán diffusion flame theory is a theory developed by Amable Liñán in 1974 to explain the diffusion flame structure using activation energy asymptotics and Damköhler number asymptotics.Liñán, A., Martínez-Ruiz, D., Vera, M., & Sánchez, A. ... References Fluid dynamics Combustion {{combustion-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Combustion
Combustion, or burning, is a high-temperature exothermic redox chemical reaction between a fuel (the reductant) and an oxidant, usually atmospheric oxygen, that produces oxidized, often gaseous products, in a mixture termed as smoke. Combustion does not always result in fire, because a flame is only visible when substances undergoing combustion vaporize, but when it does, a flame is a characteristic indicator of the reaction. While the activation energy must be overcome to initiate combustion (e.g., using a lit match to light a fire), the heat from a flame may provide enough energy to make the reaction self-sustaining. Combustion is often a complicated sequence of elementary radical reactions. Solid fuels, such as wood and coal, first undergo endothermic pyrolysis to produce gaseous fuels whose combustion then supplies the heat required to produce more of them. Combustion is often hot enough that incandescent light in the form of either glowing or a flame is produced. A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Frederick Clarke
John Frederick Clarke FRS (1 May 1927 – 11 June 2013) was a professor, an aeronautical engineer, and a pilot. Biography After his schooling, he got training from Fleet Air Arm as a Navy Pilot and then from Royal Air force at Lossiemouth. He left Navy and worked few months at Armstrong Siddeley Motors, but his interest were in academics. Subsequently he quit the job and joined Queen Mary College in Aeronautical engineering course in 1949. He married Jean Gentle in 1953. His thesis advisor Norman A.V. Piercy died in 1953,Winny, H. F. (1953). Prof. NAV Piercy. Nature, 171(4353), 593-594. then he temporarily advised by Leslie G. Whitehead and then finally by Alec David Young. He received his PhD at Queen Mary College in 1957. He briefly worked for English Electric company from 1955 to 1957. In 1958 he joined Cranfield University as a lecturer and stayed there till 1991. After his retirement he continued to do research for a decade. His research interests were Shock waves, det ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norman Riley (professor)
Norman Riley is an Emeritus Professor of Applied Mathematics at the University of East Anglia in Norwich (UK). Biography Following High School education at Calder High School, Mytholmroyd he read Mathematics at Manchester University graduating with first class honours in 1956, followed by a PhD in 1959. Norman Riley served for one year as an Assistant Lecturer at Manchester University and then spent four years as a lecturer at Durham University before he joined the then new University of East Anglia in 1964, the year that saw the first significant intake of students to the university. Promotion to Reader in 1966 was followed by promotion to a Personal Chair in 1971. He retired in 1999. Married in 1959 he has one son and one daughter. Research contributions His research contributions in the field of fluid mechanics, over five decades, have included: unsteady flows with application to acoustic levitation and the loading on the submerged horizontal pontoons of tethered leg platf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emmons Problem
In combustion, Emmons problem describes the flame structure which develops inside the boundary layer, created by a flowing oxidizer stream on flat fuel (solid or liquid) surfaces. The problem was first studied by Howard Wilson Emmons in 1956. The flame is of diffusion flame type because it separates fuel and oxygen by a flame sheet. The corresponding problem in a quiescent oxidizer environment is known as Clarke–Riley diffusion flame. Burning rateWilliams, F. A. (2018). Combustion theory. CRC Press. Consider a semi-infinite fuel surface with leading edge located at x=0 and let the free stream oxidizer velocity be U_\infty. Through the solution f(\eta) of Blasius equation f+ff''=0 (\eta is the self-similar Howarth–Dorodnitsyn coordinate), the mass flux \rho v (\rho is density and v is vertical velocity) in the vertical direction can be obtained :\rho v = \rho_\infty \mu_\infty \sqrt \left(f'\rho \int_0^\eta \rho^ \ d\eta - f\right), where :\xi = \int_0^x \rho_\infty \mu_\in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biographical Memoirs Of Fellows Of The Royal Society
The ''Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society'' is an academic journal on the history of science published annually by the Royal Society. It publishes obituaries of Fellows of the Royal Society. It was established in 1932 as ''Obituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society'' and obtained its current title in 1955, with volume numbering restarting at 1. Prior to 1932, obituaries were published in the ''Proceedings of the Royal Society''. The memoirs are a significant historical record and most include a full bibliography of works by the subjects. The memoirs are often written by a scientist of the next generation, often one of the subject's own former students, or a close colleague. In many cases the author is also a Fellow. Notable biographies published in this journal include Albert Einstein, Alan Turing, Bertrand Russell, Claude Shannon, Clement Attlee, Ernst Mayr, and Erwin Schrödinger. Each year around 40 to 50 memoirs of deceased Fellows of the Royal Soci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liñán's Diffusion Flame Theory
Liñán diffusion flame theory is a theory developed by Amable Liñán in 1974 to explain the diffusion flame structure using activation energy asymptotics and Damköhler number asymptotics.Liñán, A., Martínez-Ruiz, D., Vera, M., & Sánchez, A. L. (2017). The large-activation-energy analysis of extinction of counterflow diffusion flames with non-unity Lewis numbers of the fuel. Combustion and Flame, 175, 91-106. Liñán used counterflowing jets of fuel and oxidizer to study the diffusion flame structure, analyzing for the entire range of Damköhler number. His theory predicted four different types of flame structure as follows, * ''Nearly-frozen ignition regime'', where deviations from the frozen flow conditions are small (no reaction sheet exist in this regime), * ''Partial burning regime'', where both fuel and oxidizer cross the reaction zone and enter into the frozen flow on other side, * ''Premixed flame regime'', where only one of the reactants cross the reaction zone, in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fluid Dynamics
In physics and engineering, fluid dynamics is a subdiscipline of fluid mechanics that describes the flow of fluids— liquids and gases. It has several subdisciplines, including ''aerodynamics'' (the study of air and other gases in motion) and hydrodynamics (the study of liquids in motion). Fluid dynamics has a wide range of applications, including calculating forces and moments on aircraft, determining the mass flow rate of petroleum through pipelines, predicting weather patterns, understanding nebulae in interstellar space and modelling fission weapon detonation. Fluid dynamics offers a systematic structure—which underlies these practical disciplines—that embraces empirical and semi-empirical laws derived from flow measurement and used to solve practical problems. The solution to a fluid dynamics problem typically involves the calculation of various properties of the fluid, such as flow velocity, pressure, density, and temperature, as functions of space and time. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
