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Circassian Genocide Perpetrators
Circassian may refer to: * Circassia, a former geographical region located in present-day European Russia, Northern Caucasus ** Circassian coast, on the Black Sea * Circassians The Circassians (also referred to as Cherkess or Adyghe; Adyghe and Kabardian: Адыгэхэр, romanized: ''Adıgəxər'') are an indigenous Northwest Caucasian ethnic group and nation native to the historical country-region of Circassia ..., also known as Adyghe people ** Circassian diaspora * Circassian language, a Northwest Caucasian language or subgroup of languages * Circassians (historical ethnonym) — historical term, which used to be and partly is used today to denominate different peoples of the Black Sea shore and the Northern Caucasus. Other uses * USS ''Circassian'' (1862), a Union Navy steamship in the American Civil War See also * * Cerchez (other) {{disambig Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circassia
Circassia (; also known as Cherkessia in some sources; ady, Адыгэ Хэку, Адыгей, lit=, translit=Adıgə Xəku, Adıgey; ; ota, چرکسستان, Çerkezistan; ) was a country and a historical region in the along the northeast shore of the Black Sea. It was conquered and occupied by Russia during the Russian-Circassian War (1763–1864). 90% of the Circassian people were either exiled from the region or massacred in the Circassian genocide. The Circassians also dominated the north of the Kuban river in the early medieval and ancient times, but with the raids of the Mongol Empire, Golden Horde and the Crimean Khanate, they were withdrawn south of the Kuban, from the Taman Peninsula to North Ossetia. During the Medieval Era, Circassian lords subjugated and vassalized the neighboring Karachay- Balkars and Ossetians. The term Circassia is also used as the collective name of Circassian states established on Circassian territory. Legally and internationally, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circassian Coast
Russian Black Sea Coast (russian: Черноморское побережье России) formerly known before the Circassian genocide as Circassian coast ( ady, Адыгэ хы аушу; russian: Черкесское побережье) is the coast of historical Circassia on the Black Sea, extending from Anapa in the North to Adler in the south, and including cities like Tuapse and Sochi. The coastline was ceded to Russia in 1829 as a result of the Caucasian War and the Russo-Turkish War, However, in 1828 the Circassians did not admit Russian control over Circassia because Circassia was not considered a part of the Ottoman Empire, instead insisting Circassia is independent. Thus, they kept resisting the newly established Russian outposts along the Coast and the inner lands in the Russian–Circassian War.Exposition of the Historical Museum of Sochi, partly reflected in Russian iИстория Сочи (History of Sochi) at the official site of the city [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circassians
The Circassians (also referred to as Cherkess or Adyghe; Adyghe and Kabardian: Адыгэхэр, romanized: ''Adıgəxər'') are an indigenous Northwest Caucasian ethnic group and nation native to the historical country-region of Circassia in the North Caucasus. As a consequence of the Circassian genocide, which was perpetrated by the Russian Empire in the 19th century during the Russo-Circassian War, most Circassians were exiled from their homeland in Circassia to modern-day Turkey and the rest of the Middle East, where the majority of them are concentrated today. The Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization estimated in the early 1990s that there are as many as 3.7 million Circassians in diaspora in over 50 countries. The Circassian language is the ancestral language of the Circassian people, and Islam has been the dominant religion among them since the 17th century. Circassia has been subject to repeated invasions since ancient times; its isolated terrain couple ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circassian Diaspora
The Circassian diaspora refers to ethnic Circassian people around the world who live outside their homeland Circassia. The majority of the Circassians live in the diaspora, as their ancestors were settled during the resettlement of the Circassian population, especially during the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. From 1763 to 1864, the Circassians fought against the Russian Empire in the Russian-Circassian War, finally succumbing to a scorched-earth genocide campaign initiated between 1862-1864. Afterwards, large numbers of Circassians were exiled and deported to the Ottoman Empire and other nearby regions; others were resettled in Russia far from their home territories. Circassians live in more than fifty countries, besides the Republic of Adygea. Total population estimates differ: according to some sources, some two million live in Turkey, Jordan, Syria, and Iraq;Richmond 172-73. other sources have between one and four million in Turkey alone. Middle East A large ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circassian Language
Circassian , also known as Cherkess , is a subdivision of the Northwest Caucasian languages, Northwest Caucasian language family, spoken by the Circassians, Circassian people. There are two Circassian languages, defined by their literary standards, Adyghe language, Adyghe (; also known as West Circassian), with half a million speakers, and Kabardian language, Kabardian (; also known as East Circassian), with a million. The languages are highly Mutual intelligibility, mutually intelligible with one another, but differ to a degree where they would be considered clear-cut dialects. The earliest extant written records of the Circassian languages are in the Arabic script, recorded by the Turkish traveller Evliya Çelebi in the 17th century.Papşu, Murat (2006)Çerkes-Adığe yazısının tarihçesi". ''Nart, İki Aylık Düşün ve Kültür Dergisi'', Sayı 51, Eylül-Ekim 2006. There is consensus among the linguistic community about the fact that Adyghe and Kabardian are typologicall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circassians (historical Ethnonym)
Circassians is a broad ethnonym of the Turkic origin, which in Russia, Turkey and Persia used to be, and in the case of Turkey is now, applied to peoples of different ethnicities living on the North Eastern and Eastern shores of the Black Sea and in the Northern Caucasus.Эпиграфические памятники Северного Кавказа. — М.: Наука, 1966. Ч. I. — С. 202 Origin Famous professor of Caucasian studies Volkova wrote:«The origin of the term Circassian, with its ethnical nature coming only from the Turkic roots, was related to some political events of the 13th century.In the Russian letopis of 16th century, when describing events of 1152, name "''Circassians"'' is mentioned as another name for Turkic vassals of Kievan princes — ''"Black Klobukhs"'' — consisting of Turkic tribes of Torks, Pechenegs, Berendei and Kovuy (often identified as Kayi). Circassians are mentioned as one of the peoples of the Golden Horde in 1346, and participa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USS Circassian (1862)
USS ''Circassian'' was a large steamer captured by the Union Navy during the American Civil War. She was used by the Union Navy as a supply ship for ships on the blockade of the ports and waterways of the Confederate States of America. The ship was named after the Circassians. Service history ''Circassian'', an iron screw steamer, was captured 4 May 1862 by ; purchased from the prize court at Key West, Florida, 8 November 1862; outfitted at New York Navy Yard; and commissioned 12 December 1862, Acting Volunteer Lieutenant W. B. Eaton in command. ''Circassian'' served as supply ship for the East and West Gulf Blockading Squadrons. Between 17 December 1862 and 11 April 1865 she completed nine cruises from New York City or Boston, Massachusetts, delivering supplies to ships and stations along the Atlantic coast and in the Gulf of Mexico as far west as Galveston, Texas, and up the Mississippi River to New Orleans, Louisiana. On return trips she carried men due to be disch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cerchez (other)
Cerchez, Cherchez and Cerkez are Romanian words meaning " Circassian". The Circassians were a prominent minority in Northern Dobruja during the 19th century. This region now belongs to Romania. Cerchez, and its variations, may refer to: * Cerchez (surname), a Romanian surname * Cerchez (river), a Romanian river * Cerchezu (formerly known as ''Cerchezchioi''), a commune in Constanța County named after the Circassians * Slava Cercheză, a commune in Tulcea County named after the Circassians * ''Cerchez'', the Romanian name of Cherkesy, a Ukrainian village in the Odessa Oblast * Cerchez & Co., the first Romanian aircraft company, aerodrome and flight school, named after its founder Mihail Cerchez See also * Circassian (other) * Circassians in Romania The Circassians in Romania ( Circassian: Урымыныем ис Адыгэхэр, ''Wurımınıyem yis Adıgəxər''; ro, cerchezi or ) were an ethnic minority in the territory that constitutes modern Romania. The presence ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
