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Chukhloma
Chukhloma (russian: Чу́хлома) is a town and the administrative center of Chukhlomsky District in Kostroma Oblast, Russia, located on Lake Chukhloma, from the railway node Galich and northeast of Kostroma, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: History It was first mentioned in chronicles in 1381, and was destroyed during the Time of Troubles. It was granted town status in 1778. Etymology From a substrate Finno-Ugric language (cf. Proto-Uralic ''*ćukkз'' 'hill, peak', referring to the landscape around the town). Max Vasmer supported the theory of relationship between the name of Chukhloma and the ethnonyms like '' Chud'' or ''Chukhna'', but it's viewed as folk etymology by Aleksandr Matveyev. Administrative and municipal status Within the framework of administrative divisions, Chukhloma serves as the administrative center of Chukhlomsky District.Law #133-a As an administrative division, it is incorporated within Chukhlomsky District as the town of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chukhlomsky District
Chukhlomsky District (russian: Чу́хломский райо́н) is an administrativeLaw #112-4-ZKO and municipalLaw #237-ZKO district (raion), one of the twenty-four in Kostroma Oblast, Russia. It is located in the north of the oblast. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the town of Chukhloma Chukhloma (russian: Чу́хлома) is a town and the administrative center of Chukhlomsky District in Kostroma Oblast, Russia, located on Lake Chukhloma, from the railway node Galich and northeast of Kostroma, the administrative center of .... Population: 13,574 ( 2002 Census); The population of Chukhloma accounts for 52.5% of the district's total population. References Notes Sources * * * {{Use mdy dates, date=April 2013 Districts of Kostroma Oblast ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lake Chukhloma
Chukhloma Lake (russian: Чу́хломское озеро) is a freshwater lake in Kostroma Oblast in Russia. It is located at around {{coord, 58, 47, N, 42, 37, E, type:waterbody_region:RU, at an elevation of 148 meters above sea level. It has an area of 48.7 km², and an average depth of 4.5 meters. The lake is almost circular in shape, with a diameter of 6–7 km. The shores are flat and boggy. The bottom consists of mud and silt. It is frozen from late October to late April. A number of small rivers and streams enters the Chukhloma Lake. It has an outflow towards the northwest, which drains towards the Kostroma River. At the lake's southeastern shore lies the town of Chukhloma. At its northern shore, in the village of Nozhkino, lies the Avraamiyevo-Gorodetsky Monastery, founded by Avraamy of Galich in the 15th century. Chukhloma Chukhloma (russian: Чу́хлома) is a town and the administrative center of Chukhlomsky District in Kostroma Oblast, R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kostroma Oblast
Kostroma Oblast (russian: Костромска́я о́бласть, ''Kostromskaya oblast'') is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Kostroma and its population as of the 2021 Census is 580,976. It was formed in 1944 on the territory detached from neighboring Yaroslavl Oblast. Textile industries have been developed there since the early 18th century. Its major historic towns include Kostroma, Sharya, Nerekhta, Galich, Soligalich, and Makaryev. History From c. 300 CE the current area of Kostroma, with the exception of the area east of the Unzha River, was part of the Finno-Ugric peoples' lands, such as the Merya people and their loose tribal confederation. During the Neolithic era, comb-ceramics replaced prafinno-Ugric Volosovo. At the turn of 3rd and 2nd millennia BCE, the Fatyanovo culture arrived in the area, later to be assimilated into the tribes of the Late Bronze Age (the Abashevo culture and the Pozdnyakovskaya ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Max Vasmer
Max Julius Friedrich Vasmer (; russian: Максимилиан Романович Фа́смер, translit=Maksimilian Romanovič Fásmer; 28 February 1886 – 30 November 1962) was a Russo-German linguist. He studied problems of etymology in Indo-European, Finno-Ugric and Turkic languages and worked on the history of Slavic, Baltic, Iranian, and Finno-Ugric peoples. Biography Born to German parents in Saint Petersburg, Vasmer graduated from Saint Petersburg University in 1907. From 1910, he delivered lectures there as a professor. During the Russian Civil War of 1917–1922, he worked in the Universities of Saratov and of Dorpat (Tartu). In 1921, he settled in Leipzig, but in 1925 moved to Berlin. In 1938–1939, he delivered lectures at Columbia University in New York City. It was there that he started to work on his ''magnum opus'', the . He delivered the eulogy for Professor Aleksander Brückner in Berlin-Wilmersdorf in 1939 and he took over the chair of Slavistic studies a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikhail Lermontov
Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov (; russian: Михаи́л Ю́рьевич Ле́рмонтов, p=mʲɪxɐˈil ˈjurʲjɪvʲɪtɕ ˈlʲɛrməntəf; – ) was a Russian Romantic writer, poet and painter, sometimes called "the poet of the Caucasus", the most important Russian poet after Alexander Pushkin's death in 1837 and the greatest figure in Russian Romanticism. His influence on later Russian literature is still felt in modern times, not only through his poetry, but also through his prose, which founded the tradition of the Russian psychological novel. Biography Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov was born in Moscow into the respectable noble family of Lermontov, and he grew up in the village of Tarkhany (now Lermontovo in Penza Oblast). His paternal family descended from the Scottish family of Learmonth, and can be traced to Yuri (George) Learmonth, a Scottish officer in the Polish–Lithuanian service who settled in Russia in the middle of the 17th century. He had been captur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Town Of District Significance
Town of district significance is an administrative division of a district in a federal subject of Russia. It is equal in status to a selsoviet or an urban-type settlement of district significance, but is organized around a town (as opposed to a rural locality or an urban-type settlement); often with surrounding rural territories. Background Prior to the adoption of the 1993 Constitution of Russia, this type of administrative division was defined on the whole territory of the Russian SFSR as an inhabited locality which serves as a cultural and an industrial center of a district and has a population of at least 12,000, of which at least 80% are workers, public servants, and the members of their families.Иванец Г.И., Калинский И.В., Червонюк В.И. Конституционное право России: энциклопедический словарь / Под общей ред. В.И. Червонюка. — М.: Юрид. лит., 2002. — 43 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Subdivisions Of Russia
Russia is divided into several types and levels of subdivisions. Federal subjects Since 30 September 2022, the Russian Federation has consisted of eighty-nine federal subjects that are constituent members of the Federation.Constitution, Article 65 However, six of these federal subjects—the Republic of Crimea, the Donetsk People's Republic, the Russian occupation of Kherson Oblast, Kherson Oblast, the Luhansk People's Republic, Lugansk People's Republic, the federal cities of Russia, federal city of Sevastopol and the Russian occupation of Zaporizhzhia Oblast, Zaporozhye Oblast—are internationally recognized as part of Ukraine. All federal subjects are of equal federal rights in the sense that they have equal representation—two delegates each—in the Federation Council of Russia, Federation Council (upper house of the Federal Assembly of Russia, Federal Assembly). They do, however, differ in the degree of autonomous area, autonomy they enjoy. De jure, there are 6&n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aleksandr Matveyev (linguist)
Aleksandr Konstantinovich Matveyev (russian: Александр Константинович Матвеев, July 8, 1926 – October 9, 2010) was a Russian linguist known for his works in toponymics (branch of linguistics studying toponyms), onomastics (studies of proper names), and etymology (origins and semantical development of words). Biography Aleksandr Matveyev was born in Sverdlovsk but because of World War II he entered and graduated from the Khabarovsk University. Starting in 1952 he worked at the Ural State University in Sverdlovsk. In 1970 he defended his second thesis (Russian degree of ''doctor nauk'') and became professor of the philological department. Since 1961 – chief of the chair of Russian language and general linguistics at the Ural State University. In 1988 he received the title of ''Scientist Emeritus of Russia''. In 1991 he was elected a corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Being the chief of the annual dialectological and toponymica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Folk Etymology
Folk etymology (also known as popular etymology, analogical reformation, reanalysis, morphological reanalysis or etymological reinterpretation) is a change in a word or phrase resulting from the replacement of an unfamiliar form by a more familiar one. The form or the meaning of an archaic, foreign, or otherwise unfamiliar word is reinterpreted as resembling more familiar words or morphemes. The term ''folk etymology'' is a loan translation from German language, German ''Volksetymologie'', coined by Ernst Förstemann in 1852. Folk etymology is a Productivity (linguistics), productive process in historical linguistics, language change, and social relation, social interaction. Reanalysis of a word's history or original form can affect its spelling, pronunciation, or meaning. This is frequently seen in relation to loanwords or words that have become archaic or obsolete. Examples of words created or changed through folk etymology include the English dialectal form wikt:sparrowgrass ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chukhna
Chukhna, Chukhnas, Chukhontsy (singular: Chukhonets (male), Chukhonka (female)) is an obsolete Russian term for some Finnic peoples: Finns, Estonians, Karelians, Ingrian Finns. It is thought to be a derivative from the ethnonym ''Chud''. The 18th century ''Linguarum totius orbis vocabularia comparativa'' of Peter Simon Pallas has a vocabulary of the "Chukhna language". Vladimir Dal, in his ''Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language'', records a reference to Finns in the vicinity of St. Petersburg. In modern usage, the words are considered ethnic slurs for Finns and Estonians. In 2000, TV-journalist Leonid Parfenov's usage of a term considering Vladimir Putin was perceived as an insult towards the President of Russia. Parfenov denied the claims, saying:That was normal. Literally, I said: "a type of whitish northern appearance which is popularly called "chukhon blond " russian: чухонь белобрысая, chukhon belobrysaya. How else? They don't say "b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chud
Chud or Chude ( orv, чудь, in Finnic languages: tšuudi, čuđit) is a term historically applied in the early East Slavic annals to several Finnic peoples in the area of what is now Estonia, Karelia and Northwestern Russia. Arguably, the earliest attested written use of the word "Chuds" to describe Finnic peoples (presumably early Estonians) was c. 1100, in the earliest East Slavic chronicles. According to the Primary Chronicle, the invading troops of Yaroslav I the Wise defeated "Chuds" in a battle in 1030 and then established the fort of "Yuryev" (in what is now Tartu, Estonia). According to Old East Slavic chronicles, the Chuds were among the founders of the Rus' state. Etymology There are a number of hypotheses as to the origin of the term. ''Chud'' could be derived from the Slavic word ''tjudjo'' ('foreign' or 'strange'), which in turn is derived from the Gothic word meaning 'folk' (compare ''Teutonic''). Another hypothesis is that the term was derived from a tra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Time Of Troubles
The Time of Troubles (russian: Смутное время, ), or Smuta (russian: Смута), was a period of political crisis during the Tsardom of Russia which began in 1598 with the death of Fyodor I (Fyodor Ivanovich, the last of the Rurik dynasty) and ended in 1613 with the accession of Michael I of the House of Romanov. It was a time of lawlessness and anarchy following the death of Fyodor I, a weak and possibly intellectually disabled ruler who died without an heir. His death ended the Rurik dynasty, leading to a violent succession crisis with numerous usurpers and false Dmitrys (imposters) claiming the title of tsar. Russia experienced the famine of 1601–03, which killed almost a third of the population, within three years of Fyodor's death. Russia was occupied by the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth during the Polish–Russian War (also known as the ''Dimitriads'') until it was expelled in 1612. It was one of the most turbulent and violent periods in Russian history. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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