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Chrysotus Insularis
''Chrysotus'' is a genus of flies in the family Dolichopodidae. It is one of the largest genera in the subfamily Diaphorinae, with more than 460 species. However, the genus is probably paraphyletic, and possibly even polyphyletic, with respect to several related genera such as ''Achradocera, Falbouria and Lyroneurus. Gallery File:Chrysotus sp - 2012-07-22.webm, ''Chrysotus'' sp. on coarse woody debris Subgenera and species groups The genus has two subgenera: * ''Angiopus'' Meuffels & Grootaert, 1996 – includes only ''C. halteratus'' * ''Chrysotus'' Meigen, 1824 – all other species are placed in this subgenus, split into many species groups and subgroups: ** ''C. albipalpus'' species group ** ''C. cilipes'' species group – Palaearctic ** ''C. javanensis'' species group ** ''C. laesus'' species group (22 species) – Palaearctic + Oriental *** ''C. adunatus'' species subgroup (1) – includes only ''C. adunatus'' *** ''C. brevicercus'' species subgroup (12) *** ''C. n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chrysotus Gramineus
''Chrysotus'' is a genus of flies in the family Dolichopodidae. It is one of the largest genera in the subfamily Diaphorinae, with more than 460 species. However, the genus is probably paraphyletic, and possibly even polyphyletic, with respect to several related genera such as '' Achradocera, Falbouria and Lyroneurus. Gallery File:Chrysotus sp - 2012-07-22.webm, ''Chrysotus'' sp. on coarse woody debris Subgenera and species groups The genus has two subgenera: * ''Angiopus'' Meuffels & Grootaert, 1996 – includes only ''C. halteratus'' * ''Chrysotus'' Meigen, 1824 – all other species are placed in this subgenus, split into many species groups and subgroups: ** ''C. albipalpus'' species group ** ''C. cilipes'' species group – Palaearctic ** ''C. javanensis'' species group ** ''C. laesus'' species group (22 species) – Palaearctic + Oriental *** ''C. adunatus'' species subgroup (1) – includes only ''C. adunatus'' *** ''C. brevicercus'' species subgroup (12) *** ''C. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Achradocera
''Achradocera'' is a genus of flies in the family Dolichopodidae. It is distributed in the Nearctic and Neotropical realms as well as in Polynesia. Several Afrotropical species were also placed in the genus, but in 2018 they were transferred to ''Chrysotus''. ''Achradocera'' was formerly considered a subgenus of ''Chrysotus'', but was restored as a separate genus by Harold E. Robinson (1975). Species *'' Achradocera apicalis'' (Aldrich, 1896) *'' Achradocera arcuata'' (Van Duzee, 1924) *'' Achradocera barbata'' ( Loew, 1861) *'' Achradocera chilensis'' (Van Duzee, 1930) *'' Achradocera contracta'' (Van Duzee, 1929) *'' Achradocera edwardsi'' (Van Duzee, 1930) *'' Achradocera excavata'' (Van Duzee, 1924) *'' Achradocera femoralis'' Becker, 1922 *'' Achradocera fractus'' Meijere, 1913 *'' Achradocera insignis'' Parent, 1933 *'' Achradocera longiseta'' Parent, 1933 *'' Achradocera meridionalis'' Becker, 1922 *'' Achradocera porrectus'' Parent, 1939 *'' Achradocera shannoni'' (V ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dolichopodidae Genera
Dolichopodidae, the long-legged flies, are a large, cosmopolitan family of true flies with more than 7,000 described species in about 230 genera. The genus ''Dolichopus'' is the most speciose, with some 600 species. Dolichopodidae generally are small flies with large, prominent eyes and a metallic cast to their appearance, though there is considerable variation among the species. Most have long legs, though some do not. In many species, the males have unusually large genitalia which are taxonomically useful in identifying species. Most adults are predatory on other small animals, though some may scavenge or act as kleptoparasites of spiders or other predators. An expanded concept of the family (Dolichopodidae ''sensu lato'') includes the subfamilies Parathalassiinae and Microphorinae. The latter of these was formerly placed in the Empididae, and was at one time considered a separate family (Microphoridae). However, some authors propose instead that Dolichopodidae ''s.l.'' shou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Chrysotus Species
This is a list of 564 species in ''Chrysotus'', a genus of long-legged flies in the family Dolichopodidae. ''Chrysotus'' species *'' Chrysotus abatus'' Wei, Zhang & Zhou, 2014 *'' Chrysotus abditus'' Wei, Zhang & Zhou, 2014 *'' Chrysotus abdominus'' Wei, Zhang & Zhou, 2014 *'' Chrysotus ablutus'' Wei, Zhang & Zhou, 2014 *'' Chrysotus abnormus'' Wei, Zhang & Zhou, 2014 *'' Chrysotus acuminatus'' Wei, Zhang & Zhou, 2014 *'' Chrysotus acuticornis'' Becker, 1922 *'' Chrysotus acutus'' Aldrich, 1896 *'' Chrysotus adflictus'' Wei, Zhang & Zhou, 2014 *'' Chrysotus adsiduus'' Becker, 1922 *'' Chrysotus adunatus'' Wei & Zhang, 2010 *'' Chrysotus affinis'' Loew, 1861 *'' Chrysotus africanus'' ( Parent, 1934) *'' Chrysotus agalmus'' Harmston & Rapp, 1968 *'' Chrysotus agraulus'' Wei & Zhang, 2010 *'' Chrysotus albibarbus'' Loew, 1857 *'' Chrysotus albihirtipes'' Robinson, 1975 *'' Chrysotus albipalpus'' Aldrich, 1896 *'' Chrysotus albohirtus'' Van Duzee, 1924 *'' Chrysotus aldrichi'' (Va ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South America
South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the continent. It can also be described as the southern subregion of a single continent called America. South America is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east by the Atlantic Ocean; North America and the Caribbean Sea lie to the northwest. The continent generally includes twelve sovereign states: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, and Venezuela; two dependent territories: the Falkland Islands and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands; and one internal territory: French Guiana. In addition, the ABC islands of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, Ascension Island (dependency of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, a British Overseas Territory), Bouvet Island ( dependency of Norway), Pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and borders fourteen countries by land, the most of any country in the world, tied with Russia. Covering an area of approximately , it is the world's third largest country by total land area. The country consists of 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four municipalities, and two Special Administrative Regions (Hong Kong and Macau). The national capital is Beijing, and the most populous city and financial center is Shanghai. Modern Chinese trace their origins to a cradle of civilization in the fertile basin of the Yellow River in the North China Plain. The semi-legendary Xia dynasty in the 21st century BCE and the well-attested Shang and Zhou dynasties developed a bureaucratic political system to serve hereditary monarchies, or dyna ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oriental Realm
The Indomalayan realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms. It extends across most of South and Southeast Asia and into the southern parts of East Asia. Also called the Oriental realm by biogeographers, Indomalaya spreads all over the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia to lowland southern China, and through Indonesia as far as Sumatra, Java, Bali, and Borneo, east of which lies the Wallace line, the realm boundary named after Alfred Russel Wallace which separates Indomalaya from Australasia. Indomalaya also includes the Philippines, lowland Taiwan, and Japan's Ryukyu Islands. Most of Indomalaya was originally covered by forest, and includes tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, with tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests predominant in much of India and parts of Southeast Asia. The tropical forests of Indomalaya are highly variable and diverse, with economically important trees, especially in the families Dipterocarpaceae and Fabaceae. Majo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palaearctic
The Palearctic or Palaearctic is the largest of the eight biogeographic realms of the Earth. It stretches across all of Eurasia north of the foothills of the Himalayas, and North Africa. The realm consists of several bioregions: the Euro-Siberian region; the Mediterranean Basin; the Sahara and Arabian Deserts; and Western, Central and East Asia. The Palaearctic realm also has numerous rivers and lakes, forming several freshwater ecoregions. The term 'Palearctic' was first used in the 19th century, and is still in use as the basis for zoogeographic classification. History In an 1858 paper for the ''Proceedings of the Linnean Society'', British zoologist Philip Sclater first identified six terrestrial zoogeographic realms of the world: Palaearctic, Aethiopian/Afrotropic, Indian/Indomalayan, Australasian, Nearctic, and Neotropical. The six indicated general groupings of fauna, based on shared biogeography and large-scale geographic barriers to migration. Alfred Wallace ad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Falbouria
''Falbouria'' is a genus of flies in the family Dolichopodidae. It contains only one species, ''Falbouria acorensis'', which is endemic to the Azores. The genus was originally named ''Balfouria'' by Octave Parent in 1933; it was renamed to ''Falbouria'' by C. E. Dyte in 1980, after the name ''Balfouria'' was found to be preoccupied by the snail genus ''Balfouria'' Crosse, 1884. Systematic position The genus ''Falbouria'' was placed in the tribe Argyrini by Maslova and Negrobov (1996). Later, on re-describing the type species of the genus, Capellari and Amorim (2012) found the genus shares some features with ''Achradocera'', ''Chrysotus'', and ''Lyroneurus'', so they place it in Diaphorini instead. ''Falbouria'' is placed close to ''Chrysotus'' by these authors, but is kept as a separate genus rather than becoming a synonym of ''Chrysotus'' (which is itself paraphyletic). Distribution ''Falbouria acorensis'' is an endemic species to the Azores. It is known to be present on São ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polyphyletic
A polyphyletic group is an assemblage of organisms or other evolving elements that is of mixed evolutionary origin. The term is often applied to groups that share similar features known as homoplasies, which are explained as a result of convergent evolution. The arrangement of the members of a polyphyletic group is called a polyphyly .. ource for pronunciation./ref> It is contrasted with monophyly and paraphyly. For example, the biological characteristic of warm-bloodedness evolved separately in the ancestors of mammals and the ancestors of birds; "warm-blooded animals" is therefore a polyphyletic grouping. Other examples of polyphyletic groups are algae, C4 photosynthetic plants, and edentates. Many taxonomists aim to avoid homoplasies in grouping taxa together, with a goal to identify and eliminate groups that are found to be polyphyletic. This is often the stimulus for major revisions of the classification schemes. Researchers concerned more with ecology than with systema ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johann Wilhelm Meigen
Johann Wilhelm Meigen (3 May 1764 – 11 July 1845) was a German entomologist famous for his pioneering work on Diptera. Life Early years Meigen was born in Solingen, the fifth of eight children of Johann Clemens Meigen and Sibylla Margaretha Bick. His parents, though not poor, were not wealthy either. They ran a small shop in Solingen. His paternal grandparents, however, owned an estate and hamlet with twenty houses. Adding to the rental income, Meigen's grandfather was a farmer and a guild mastercutler in Solingen. Two years after Meigen was born, his grandparents died and his parents moved to the family estate. This was already heavily indebted by the Seven Years' War, then bad crops and rash speculations forced the sale of the farm and the family moved back to Solingen. Meigen attended the town school but only for a short time. He had learned to read and write on his grandfather's estate and he read widely at home as well as taking an interest in natural history. A lodge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paraphyletic
In taxonomy (general), taxonomy, a group is paraphyletic if it consists of the group's most recent common ancestor, last common ancestor and most of its descendants, excluding a few Monophyly, monophyletic subgroups. The group is said to be paraphyletic ''with respect to'' the excluded subgroups. In contrast, a monophyletic group (a clade) includes a common ancestor and ''all'' of its descendants. The terms are commonly used in phylogenetics (a subfield of biology) and in the tree model of historical linguistics. Paraphyletic groups are identified by a combination of Synapomorphy and apomorphy, synapomorphies and symplesiomorphy, symplesiomorphies. If many subgroups are missing from the named group, it is said to be polyparaphyletic. The term was coined by Willi Hennig to apply to well-known taxa like Reptilia (reptiles) which, as commonly named and traditionally defined, is paraphyletic with respect to mammals and birds. Reptilia contains the last common ancestor of reptiles a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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