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China International Fund
China International Fund (CIF) is a Chinese-owned group of Hong Kong investors that describes its major businesses as including "large-scale national reconstruction projects and infrastructure construction in developing countries". The CIF and its associated companies in Hong Kong and Singapore invested upwards of $US 20 billion mainly in unstable African dictatorships. They have made agreements with the Angolan and Guinean governments to explore for various resources in those countries. These agreements will result in billions of dollars of money being invested in the two countries. The Company is under the suspicion of being a state-owned company because "key personnel have ties to Chinese state-owned enterprises and government agencies." Structure The United States-China Economic and Security Review Commission issued a report in July 2009 on investments of Dayuan, CIF and its subsidiaries in Africa, Latin America and the U.S.A.. China International Fund is owned to 99% by Dayua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Infrastructure
Infrastructure is the set of facilities and systems that serve a country, city, or other area, and encompasses the services and facilities necessary for its economy, households and firms to function. Infrastructure is composed of public and private physical structures such as roads, railways, bridges, tunnels, water supply, sewerage, sewers, electrical grids, and telecommunications (including Internet access, Internet connectivity and Broadband, broadband access). In general, infrastructure has been defined as "the physical components of interrelated systems providing Commodity, commodities and services essential to enable, sustain, or enhance societal quality of life, living conditions" and maintain the surrounding environment. Especially in light of the massive societal transformations needed to Climate change mitigation, mitigate and Climate change adaptation, adapt to climate change, contemporary infrastructure conversations frequently focus on sustainable development and gre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sam Pa
Sam Pa is believed to be the head of the 88 Queensway Group and numerous subsidiary companies that operate mining and resource concessions in a number of countries notably across Africa. Pa has also been the subject of controversy, allegedly propping up Robert Mugabe's ZANU-PF regime in Zimbabwe and securing business contacts on the back of a coup d'état in Madagascar and civil unrest in Guinea. History Sam Pa is alleged to use a number of different aliases; at least eight different names were listed in connection with Pa in an American Congressional report.88 Queensway Group, A Case Study in Chinese Investors' Operations in Angola and Beyond US -China Economic & Security Review Commission. Levkowitz, McLellan Ross & Warner 10 July 2009 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chatham House
Chatham House, also known as the Royal Institute of International Affairs, is an independent policy institute headquartered in London. Its stated mission is to provide commentary on world events and offer solutions to global challenges. It is the originator of the Chatham House Rule. Overview Canadian philanthropists Colonel Reuben Wells Leonard and Kate Rowlands Leonard purchased the property in 1923, donating the building as a headquarters for the fledgling organisation that then became known as Chatham House. The building is a Grade I listed 18th-century house in St James's Square, designed in part by Henry Flitcroft and occupied by three British Prime Ministers, including William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham. Chatham House accepts individual members as well as members from corporations, academic institutions and NGOs. Chatham House Rule Chatham House is the origin of the non-attribution rule known as the Chatham House Rule, which provides that attendees of meetings may ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2010 Guinean Presidential Election
Presidential elections were held in Guinea in 2010. They were held under the two-round system, with the first round taking place on 27 June 2010 and the second round on 7 November, after an initial date of 18 July and several other postponements. Alpha Condé was declared the winner, with 52.52% of the votes in the second round. He assumed office on 21 December 2010. The elections came after a coup in 2008 and the attempted assassination of the junta leader Moussa Dadis Camara in December 2009. There were months of tension and unrest during the electoral process, in which the two main candidates represented the two largest ethnic groups in Guinea: the Fula (french: Peul; ff, Fulɓe) and the Maninka (Malinke). The elections were also the first free national election held in Guinea since it gained independence in 1958. Background The election was originally scheduled to be held on 13 December 2009 (with a second round, if necessary, held on 27 December 20 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Angola International Airport
Angola International Airport () ( IATA: none, ICAO: none) is an international airport currently under-construction, which will serve the capital of Angola, Luanda. It is located in Bengo Province, 40 km southeast of the city center. It will be an alternative to the existing Quatro de Fevereiro International Airport. Along with some Chinese contractors, the Brazilian company, Odebrecht, are constructing the airport. The first phase was completed in 2012. The airport was originally scheduled to completed and opened in 2015/2016, but due to delays caused by problems within the company and the COVID-19 pandemic The COVID-19 pandemic, also known as the coronavirus pandemic, is an ongoing global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The novel virus was first identi ..., the opening was delayed until 2022. The airport is now expected to be completed by the end of 2023. Design and const ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World Affairs
''World Affairs'' is an American quarterly journal covering international relations. At one time, it was an official publication of the American Peace Society. The magazine has been published since 1837 and was re-launched in January 2008 as a new publication. It was published by the World Affairs Institute from 2010 to 2016, when it was sold to the Policy Studies Organization. Each issue contains articles offering diverse perspectives on global issues and United States foreign policy. ''World Affairs'' is headquartered in Washington, D.C. Prior to 1932, the magazine was published monthly and under a variety of names, including ''The Advocate of Peace''. Those articles have since been digitized by JSTOR and are freely viewable up to 1923. Notable contributors * Elliott Abrams * Fouad Ajami * Ayaan Hirsi Ali * Andrew Bacevich * Ian Bremmer * Helene Cooper * Jackson Diehl * Eric Edelman * Tom Gjelten * Ethan Gutmann * Roya Hakakian * Michael V. Hayden * Christopher Hitchens * Ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States Diplomatic Cables Leak
The United States diplomatic cables leak, widely known as Cablegate, began on Sunday, 28 November 2010 when WikiLeaks began releasing classified cables that had been sent to the U.S. State Department by 274 of its consulates, embassies, and diplomatic missions around the world. Dated between December 1966 and February 2010, the cables contain diplomatic analysis from world leaders, and the diplomats' assessment of host countries and their officials. On 30 July 2013, Chelsea Manning was convicted for theft of the cables and violations of the Espionage Act in a court martial proceeding and sentenced to thirty-five years imprisonment. She was released on 17 May 2017, after seven years total confinement, after her sentence had been commuted by President Barack Obama earlier that year. Sequence of leaks The first document, the so-called Reykjavik 13 cable, was released by WikiLeaks on 18 February 2010, and was followed by the release of State Department profiles of Icelandic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
WikiLeaks
WikiLeaks () is an international Nonprofit organization, non-profit organisation that published news leaks and classified media provided by anonymous Source (journalism), sources. Julian Assange, an Australian Internet activism, Internet activist, is generally described as its founder and director and is currently Indictment and arrest of Julian Assange, fighting extradition to the United States over his work with WikiLeaks. Since September 2018, Kristinn Hrafnsson has served as its editor-in-chief. Its website stated in 2015 that it had released online 10 million documents since beginning in 2006 in Iceland. In 2019, WikiLeaks posted its last collection of original documents. Beginning in November 2022, only around 3,000 documents could be accessed. The group has released a number of List of material published by WikiLeaks, prominent document caches that exposed serious violations of human rights and civil liberties to the US and international public, including the ''July 12, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
José Eduardo Dos Santos
José Eduardo dos Santos (; 28 August 1942 – 8 July 2022) was the president of Angola from 1979 to 2017. As president, dos Santos was also the commander-in-chief of the Angolan Armed Forces (FAA) and president of the People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA), the party that has ruled Angola since it won independence in 1975. He was the second-longest-serving president in Africa, surpassed only by Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo of Equatorial Guinea. Dos Santos joined the MPLA, then an anti-colonial movement, while still in school, and earned degrees in petroleum engineering and radar communications while studying in the Soviet Union. Following the Angolan War of Independence, Angola was constituted in 1975 as a Marxist–Leninist one-party state led by the MPLA. Dos Santos held several positions including Minister of Foreign Affairs in the government of independent Angola's first president, Agostinho Neto. Following Neto's death in 1979, dos Santos was elected the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dan Mozena
Dan Mozena (born May 1, 1949 in Dubuque, Iowa) is a United States Foreign Service Officer and a member of the Senior Foreign Service. He served as the United States Ambassador to Angola 2007–2010 and as United States Ambassador to Bangladesh 2011–2015. Education and early career Mozena graduated from Iowa State University in 1970 with a Bachelor of Science degree in history and government. He participated in a cultural exchange program to Nepal under the auspices of the National 4-H Council from 1970 to 1971. From 1971 to 1974, Mozena attended graduate school at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. He graduated in 1974 with a Master of Arts degree in political science and a Master of Public Administration degree. From 1974 to 1976, Mozena was a Peace Corps volunteer in Zaire. Before joining the Foreign Service, Mozena worked as a program specialist from 1977 to 1981 for the National 4-H Council in Chevy Chase, Maryland. Foreign Service career Ambassador Mozena joined ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sonangol Group
Group Sonangol ( pt, Grupo Sonangol) is a parastatal that formerly oversaw petroleum and natural gas production in Angola. The group consisted of Sonangol E.P. ( pt, Sociedade Nacional de Combustíveis de Angola, E.P.) and its many subsidiaries. The subsidiaries generally had Sonangol E.P. as a primary client, along with other corporate, commercial, and individual clients. Angola is estimated to have over of offshore and coastal petroleum reserves, and new discoveries are outpacing consumption by a 5-to-1 ratio. In February 2019, the government transferred the industry regulation functions of Sonangol to a new government agency, the National Oil, Gas and Biofuel Agency (ANPG). The ANPG also gained from Sonangol the right to award fossil fuel exploration, development, and production contracts. History On the eve of Portuguese Angola's independence from Portugal following the Carnation Revolution and the election of a democratic government in Portugal in 1976, the company ANGOL ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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