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Chhayavad
Chhayavad ( hi, छायावाद) (approximated in English as "Romanticism", literally "Shaded") refers to the era of Neo-romanticism in Hindi literature, particularly Hindi poetry, 1922–1938, and was marked by an increase of romantic and humanist content. ''Chhayavad'' was marked by a renewed sense of the self and personal expression, visible in the writings of the time. It is known for its leaning towards themes of love and nature, as well as an individualistic reappropriation of the Indian tradition in a new form of mysticism, expressed through a subjective voice. Period Chhayavad Yug dates from 1918 to 1937. It was preceded by '' Bharatendu Yug'' (1868–1900) and '' Dwivedi Yug'' (1900–1918) and was followed by the Contemporary Period from 1937 onward. Chhayavad continued until the latter half of the 1930s, when the golden era of modern Hindi poetry was gradually replaced by social didacticism inspired by rising nationalist fervour. Some of the later poets of this ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mahadevi Varma
Mahadevi Varma (26 March 1907 – 11 September 1987) was an Indian Hindi-language poet, essayist, sketch story writer and an eminent personality of Hindi literature. She is considered one of the four major pillars of the ''Chhayavaad, Chhayawadi'' era in Hindi literature. She has been also addressed as the Modern Meera. Poet Suryakant Tripathi, Nirala had once called her "Saraswati in the vast temple of Hindi Literature". Varma had witnessed India both before and after independence. She was one of those poets who worked for the wider society of India. Not only her poetry but also her social upliftment work and welfare development among women were also depicted deeply in her writings. These largely influenced not only the readers but also the critics especially through her novel ''Deepshikha''. She developed a soft vocabulary in the Hindi poetry of :hi:खड़ीबोली, Khadi Boli, which before her was considered possible only in Braj bhasha. For this, she chose the so ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jaishankar Prasad
Jaishankar Prasad (30 January 1889 15 November 1937) was a prominent figure in modern Hindi literature as well as Hindi theatre. Prasad was his pen name. He was also known as Chhayavadi poet. Poetic Prasad started writing poetry with the pen name of ‘Kaladhar’. The first collection of poem that Jai Shankar Prasad penned, named, Chitradhar, was written in Braj dialect of Hindi but his later works were written in Khadi dialect or Sanskritized Hindi. Later on Prasad promulgated ‘ Chhayavad’, a literary trend in Hindi literature. He is considered one of the Four Pillars (''Char Stambh'') of Romanticism in Hindi Literature ( Chhayavad), along with Sumitranandan Pant, Mahadevi Verma, and Suryakant Tripathi 'Nirala'. His vocabulary avoids the Persian element of Hindi and mainly consists of Sanskrit (Tatsama) words and words derived from Sanskrit (Tadbhava words). The subject of his poetry spans the entire horizon of subjects of his era, from romantic to nationalistic. D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kamayani
''Kamayani'' (Hindi : कामायनी) (1936) is a Hindi epic poem (Mahakavya) by Jaishankar Prasad (1889–1937). It is considered one of the greatest literary works written in modern times in Hindi literature. It also signifies the epitome of Chhayavadi school of Hindi poetry which gained popularity in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Theme Kamayani depicts the interplay of human emotions, thoughts, and actions by taking mythological metaphors. Kamayani has personalities like Manu, Ida and Śraddhā who are found in the Vedas. The great deluge described in the poem has its origin in Satapatha Brahmana. Explaining his metaphorical presentation of Vedic characters, the poet said: ''Ida was the sister of the gods, giving consciousness to the entire mankind. For this reason, there is an Ida Karma in the Yagnas. This erudition of Ida created a rift between Shraddha and Manu. Then with the progressive intelligence searching for unbridled pleasures, the impasse was inevi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mahavir Prasad Dwivedi
Mahavir Prasad Dwivedi (15 May 1864 – 21 December 1938) was an Indian Hindi writer and editor. ''Adhunikkaal'', or the Modern period of the Hindi literature, is divided into four phases, and he represents the second phase, known as the ''Dwivedi Yug'' (1893–1918) after him, which was preceded by the '' Bharatendu Yug'' (1868–1893), followed by the '' Chhayavad Yug'' (1918–1937) and the Contemporary Period (1937–present). ''iloveindia.com'', Retrieved 2 July 2011. Biography He was born in family on 5 May 1864 in Daulatpur village, now in |
Pandit Narendra Sharma
Pandit Narendra Sharma (28 February 1913 – 12 February 1989) was an Indian writer, poet and lyricist in Hindi language. He also wrote some songs for Indian Hindi cinema, like the title song for ''Satyam Shivam Sundaram'' (1979), for which he also received a Filmfare Award nomination for Best Lyricist. Life and career Pandit Narendra Sharma was born in Jahangirpur near Proposed International Airport Jewer, Greater Noida, District Gautam Buddh Nagar Uttar Pradesh in the National Capital Region. He did his undergraduate program and M.A in English Literature at Allahabad University. Lata Mangeshkar the singer used to address him as her father while she was addressed as his daughter. In a documentary on Lata Mangeshkar produced and directed by Nasreen Munni Kabir for Britain's Channel 4 the singer has confessed that she learned a lot from pandithji and could negotiate many difficulties of life based on his advice. He published Abyudhay newspaper in 1934. His first Hindi film ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madhushala
''Madhushala'' ( hi, मधुशाला) (The Tavern/The House of Wine) is a book of 135 "quatrains": verses of four lines ( Ruba'i) by Hindi poet and writer Harivansh Rai Bachchan (1907–2003). The highly metaphorical work is still celebrated for its deeply Vedantic and Sufi incantations and philosophical undertones and is an important work in the Chhayavaad (Neo-romanticism) literary movement of early 20th century Hindi literature. All the ''rubaaiaa'' (the plural for ''rubaai'') end in the word ''madhushala''. The poet tries to explain the complexity of life with his four instruments, which appear in almost every verse: ''madhu'', ''madira'' or ''haala'' (wine), ''saaki'' (server), ''pyaala'' (cup or glass) and of course ''madhushala'', ''madiralaya'' (pub/bar). The publication of the work in 1935 brought Harivanshrai Bachchan instant fame, and his own recitation of the poems became a "craze" at poetry symposiums. ''Madhushala'' was part of his trilogy inspired by Omar Khay ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ramdhari Singh 'Dinkar'
Ramdhari Singh (23 September 1908 – 24 April 1974), known by his pen name Dinkar, was an Indian Hindi and Maithili language poet, essayist, freedom fighter, patriot and academic. He emerged as a poet of rebellion as a consequence of his nationalist poetry written in the days before Indian independence. His poetry exuded ''Veer Rasa'' (heroic sentiment), and he has been hailed as a '' Rashtrakavi'' ('national poet') and ''Yuga-Chāraṇa'' (Charan of the Era) on account of his inspiring patriotic compositions. He was a regular poet of Hindi Kavi Sammelan and is hailed to be as popular and connected to poetry lovers for Hindi speakers as Pushkin for Russians. One of the notable modern Hindi poets, Dinkar was born in a poor family in Simaria village of Bengal Presidency, British India, now part of Begusarai district in Bihar state. The government had honored him with the Padma Bhushan Award in the year 1959 and had also nominated him thrice to the Rajya Sabha. Dinkar' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Makhanlal Chaturvedi
Pandit Makhanlal Chaturvedi (4 April 1889 – 30 January 1968), also called Pandit ji, was an Indian poet, writer, essayist, playwright and a journalist who is particularly remembered for his participation in India's national struggle for independence and his contribution to Chhayavaad, the Neo-romanticism movement of Hindi literature. He was awarded the first Sahitya Akademi Award in Hindi for his work ''Him Tarangini'' in 1955. The Government of India awarded him the civilian honour of the Padma Bhushan in 1963. For his works reinforcing Indian nationalism during the British Raj, he is referred to as the ''Yug Charan''. Early life Chaturvedi was born in a Babai village of Narmadapuram district of Madhya Pradesh on 4 April 1889. He became a schoolteacher when he was aged 16. Later, he was the editor of the nationalist journals ''Prabha'', Pratap and ''Karmaveer'', and was repeatedly incarcerated during the British Raj. After the Indian independence, he refrained from seeking a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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