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Chaetostoma Microps
''Chaetostoma microps'' is a species of suckermouth armored catfish native to Ecuador. The fish has been filmed climbing cave walls. Discovery The species was first described by Albert Günther in 1864. The type specimen is from the "Andes of western Ecuador". Description ''C. microps'' has the following characteristics : * absence of plates (external flattened armoured structures) on the ventral region * absence of plates on the edge of the catfish snout * presence of interopercular odontodes (barbs behind the gill covers), a characteristic shared with another species - ''C. platyrhynchus'' * absence of fleshy tentacles on the snout, differentiating this genus from ''Ancistrus'' spp. ''C. microps'' has a few sexually dimorphic characteristics, namely the head of females is smaller and narrower than that of males, while broader ventrally; in addition, the pelvic fins of the male are much larger, evidently so that, when inverted over a cluster of fish-eggs, they can protect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albert Günther
Albert Karl Ludwig Gotthilf Günther FRS, also Albert Charles Lewis Gotthilf Günther (3 October 1830 – 1 February 1914), was a German-born British zoologist, ichthyologist, and herpetologist. Günther is ranked the second-most productive reptile taxonomist (after George Albert Boulenger) with more than 340 reptile species described. Early life and career Günther was born in Esslingen in Swabia (Württemberg). His father was a ''Stiftungs-Commissar'' in Esslingen and his mother was Eleonora Nagel. He initially schooled at the Stuttgart Gymnasium. His family wished him to train for the ministry of the Lutheran Church for which he moved to the University of Tübingen. A brother shifted from theology to medicine, and he, too, turned to science and medicine at Tübingen in 1852. His first work was "''Ueber den Puppenzustand eines Distoma''". He graduated in medicine with an M.D. from Tübingen in 1858, the same year in which he published a handbook of zoology for students of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Species
In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. Other ways of defining species include their karyotype, DNA sequence, morphology, behaviour or ecological niche. In addition, paleontologists use the concept of the chronospecies since fossil reproduction cannot be examined. The most recent rigorous estimate for the total number of species of eukaryotes is between 8 and 8.7 million. However, only about 14% of these had been described by 2011. All species (except viruses) are given a two-part name, a "binomial". The first part of a binomial is the genus to which the species belongs. The second part is called the specific name or the specific epithet (in botanical nomenclature, also sometimes i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Loricariidae
The Loricariidae is the largest family of catfish (order Siluriformes), with 92 genera and just over 680 species. Loricariids originate from freshwater habitats of Costa Rica, Panama, and tropical and subtropical South America. These fish are noted for the bony plates covering their bodies and their suckermouths. Several genera are sold as " plecos", notably the suckermouth catfish, ''Hypostomus plecostomus'', and are popular as aquarium fish. Common names Members of the family Loricariidae are commonly referred to as loricariids, suckermouth armoured catfishes, or armoured catfish. The name "plecostomus", and its shortened forms "pleco" and "plec", are used for many Loricariidae, since ''Plecostomus plecostomus'' (now called ''Hypostomus plecostomus'') was one of the first loricariid species imported for the fish-keeping hobby. Some loricariids are not normally considered "plecostomus", such as ''Farlowella'' catfish. In their native range, these fish are known as ''cascudos'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ecuador
Ecuador ( ; ; Quechua: ''Ikwayur''; Shuar: ''Ecuador'' or ''Ekuatur''), officially the Republic of Ecuador ( es, República del Ecuador, which literally translates as "Republic of the Equator"; Quechua: ''Ikwadur Ripuwlika''; Shuar: ''Ekuatur Nunka''), is a country in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west. Ecuador also includes the Galápagos Islands in the Pacific, about west of the mainland. The country's capital and largest city is Quito. The territories of modern-day Ecuador were once home to a variety of Indigenous groups that were gradually incorporated into the Inca Empire during the 15th century. The territory was colonized by Spain during the 16th century, achieving independence in 1820 as part of Gran Colombia, from which it emerged as its own sovereign state in 1830. The legacy of both empires is reflected in Ecuador's ethnically diverse population, with most of its mill ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type (zoology)
In biology, a type is a particular specimen (or in some cases a group of specimens) of an organism to which the scientific name of that organism is formally attached. In other words, a type is an example that serves to anchor or centralizes the defining features of that particular taxon. In older usage (pre-1900 in botany), a type was a taxon rather than a specimen. A taxon is a scientifically named grouping of organisms with other like organisms, a set that includes some organisms and excludes others, based on a detailed published description (for example a species description) and on the provision of type material, which is usually available to scientists for examination in a major museum research collection, or similar institution. Type specimen According to a precise set of rules laid down in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) and the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN), the scientific name of every taxon is almost al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chaetostoma Microps In Situ
''Chaetostoma'', also known as the bristlemouth catfish, is a genus of suckermouth armored catfishes native to South America with one species, '' C. fischeri,'' extending into Panama. Most species inhabit flowing rivers in the lower Andes and its foothills. Some species are kept in unheated aquaria. Species These are the currently recognized species in this genus: * ''Chaetostoma aburrensis'' (Posada, 1909) * ''Chaetostoma anale'' ( Fowler, 1943) * ''Chaetostoma anomalum'' Regan, 1903 * ''Chaetostoma bifurcum'' Lujan, Meza-Vargas, Astudillo-Clavijo, Barriga-S. & López-Fernández, 2015Lujan, N.K., Meza-Vargas, V., Astudillo-Clavijo, V., Barriga-Salazar, R. & López-Fernández, H. (2015): A Multilocus Molecular Phylogeny for ''Chaetostoma'' Clade Genera and Species with a Review of ''Chaetostoma'' (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Central Andes. ''Copeia, 103 (3): 664-701.'' * ''Chaetostoma branickii'' Steindachner, 1881 * ''Chaetostoma breve'' Regan, 1904 * '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sexual Dimorphism
Sexual dimorphism is the condition where the sexes of the same animal and/or plant species exhibit different morphological characteristics, particularly characteristics not directly involved in reproduction. The condition occurs in most animals and some plants. Differences may include secondary sex characteristics, size, weight, colour, markings, or behavioural or cognitive traits. These differences may be subtle or exaggerated and may be subjected to sexual selection and natural selection. The opposite of dimorphism is ''monomorphism'', which is when both biological sexes are phenotypically indistinguishable from each other. Overview Ornamentation and coloration Common and easily identified types of dimorphism consist of ornamentation and coloration, though not always apparent. A difference in coloration of sexes within a given species is called sexual dichromatism, which is commonly seen in many species of birds and reptiles. Sexual selection leads to the exaggerated dim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tena, Ecuador
Tena () is a city in the Amazon rainforest of Ecuador. It is the seat of Tena Canton, as well as the capital and largest city of Napo Province. History Tena is one of several Ecuadorian cities founded by Gil Ramírez Dávalos, a Spanish explorer and conquistador. Dávalos — who served as Governor of Quito from 1556 until 1559 — also founded the cities of Cuenca (1557), Baeza (1560) and Azogues (1562). Geography At the confluence of the Tena and Pano rivers in the center of town is located the ''Parque Amazónico La Isla'' with a pedestrian bridge, ''el Puente Espiral''. At this point the rivers become the Tena River, which soon joins with the Misahualli and eventually flows into the Napo River. From this point, the Napo — which is the 11th largest tributary to the Amazon River in terms of inflow — winds its way east into Peru. Climate Tena is located in the rainforest, 420m above sea level. There is rainfall year-round, with an annual average of 171.65 inches (4,359.9 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Napo Province
Napo () is a province in Ecuador. Its capital is Tena. The province contains the Napo River. The province is low developed without much industrial presence. The thick rainforest is home to many natives that remain isolated by preference, descendants of those who fled the Spanish invasion in the Andes, and the Incas years before. In 2000, the province was the sole remaining majority-indigenous province of Ecuador, with 56.3% of the province either claiming indigenous identity or speaking an indigenous language. This province is one of the many located in Ecuador's section of the Amazon Rainforest. In Napo province are also Antisana Ecological Reserve, Sumaco Napo-Galeras National Park, and Limoncocha National Biological Reserve. Cantons The province is divided into five cantons. The following table lists each with its population at the 2001 census, its area in square kilometres (km²), and the name of the canton seat or capital. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Astroblepus
''Astroblepus'' is a genus of fish in the family Astroblepidae found in South America and Panama. This genus is the only member of its family. These catfishes are primarily found in torrential streams in the Andean area. ''Astroblepus pholeter'' and ''A. riberae'' are troglobites adapted to living in subterranean water systems. These species are typically small, less than . The largest species reaches . These fish have suckermouths like those of loricariids. They have two pairs of barbels, maxillary and nasal. The dorsal fin spine lacks a locking mechanism. These fish also have odontodes, tiny teeth on their skin. All species exhibit a conical, pointy type on their fin rays like that found in other loricarioids; other species also exhibit a blunt type that is only found on their skin. Some of these fish are able to live in high altitude and climb the faces of waterfalls. Their climbing ability comes from specially developed pelvic fins, as well as their suckermouths. In their Ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cryptotora Thamicola
The waterfall climbing cave fish (''Cryptotora thamicola''), also known as the cave angel fish, is a species of troglobitic hillstream loach endemic to Thailand. It reaches a length of SL. This fish is known for its fins, which can grapple onto terrain, and its ability to climb. This fish is the only known member of its genus. The species has been recorded from eight subterranean sites within a large karst system (Pang Mapha karst formation) in Mae Hong Son Province, Thailand. The species has an extent of occurrence of nearly 200 km2, but an area of occupancy of 6 km2; the connectivity of this karst systems is unknown, some caves are definitely connected. The species is found in eight of the caves. It has been recorded from the Susa (from where it was first collected in May 1985) and Tham Mae Lana (Borowsky and Vidthayanon 2001). It may also occur in other submerged caves in the area. However, the species has a potential threat of agricultural pollution which co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chaetostoma
''Chaetostoma'', also known as the bristlemouth catfish, is a genus of suckermouth armored catfishes native to South America with one species, '' C. fischeri,'' extending into Panama. Most species inhabit flowing rivers in the lower Andes and its foothills. Some species are kept in unheated aquaria. Species These are the currently recognized species in this genus: * '' Chaetostoma aburrensis'' (Posada, 1909) * '' Chaetostoma anale'' ( Fowler, 1943) * '' Chaetostoma anomalum'' Regan, 1903 * ''Chaetostoma bifurcum'' Lujan, Meza-Vargas, Astudillo-Clavijo, Barriga-S. & López-Fernández, 2015Lujan, N.K., Meza-Vargas, V., Astudillo-Clavijo, V., Barriga-Salazar, R. & López-Fernández, H. (2015): A Multilocus Molecular Phylogeny for ''Chaetostoma'' Clade Genera and Species with a Review of ''Chaetostoma'' (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Central Andes. ''Copeia, 103 (3): 664-701.'' * ''Chaetostoma branickii'' Steindachner, 1881 * '' Chaetostoma breve'' Regan, 1904 * ''Cha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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