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Chachuna Managed Reserve
, iucn_category = IV , photo = Chachuna Managed Reserve.jpg , photo_alt = , photo_caption = Chachuna nature reserve , photo_width = , map = Georgia#Georgia Kakheti , relief = yes , location = , nearest_city = Dedoplistskaro , map_alt = , map_caption = , map_width = , coordinates = , coords_ref = , area_acre = , area_km2 =52 , area_ref = , established = 1996 , visitation_num = , visitation_year = , governing_body = Agency of Protected Areas , world_heritage_site = , websiteChachuna Managed Reserve Administration Chachuna Managed Reserve ( ka, ჭაჭუნის აღკვეთილი) is a protected area in the Dedoplistskaro Municipality in Kakheti region of Georgia in the south-eastern part of the country near the border with Azerbaijan in floodplains of Iori River. Chachuna Managed Reserve was established in order to protect forests on the banks of the Iori river and ''Dalis-Mta reservoir'' [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dedoplistskaro
Dedoplistskaro or Dedoplistsqaro ( ka, დედოფლისწყარო, , literally: ''Queen's spring'') is a town in Kakheti, Georgia with the population of 5,940. The town is located in the Shiraki Plain, eastern Georgia, and functions as a municipality of the eponymous district. History The locale is first mentioned in the medieval annals as a military post established by King David IV of Georgia ( r. 1089–1125). Tradition relates its name, literally meaning "the Queen’s spring" to Queen Tamar (r. 1184–1213). After the annexation of Georgia, Russians established a military fort in 1803 to fend off the area being attacked by the Dagestan rebels and renamed the village into Tsarskie Kolodtsy (russian: Царские Колодцы), that is "the royal wells". In 1869, the German entrepreneurs Carl Heinrich von Siemens and Ernst Werner von Siemens established an oil refinery near the village which functioned until the mid-1870s. The village retained its military ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khornabuji Castle
Khornabuji Castle ( ka, ხორნაბუჯი, tr), also sometimes known as the Fortress of Tamar ( ka, თამარის ციხე, tr), is an ancient castle in the eastern part of Georgia (country), Georgia. It is located approximately two miles / 3 kilometers north of Dedoplistsqaro in the region of Kakheti. The castle's ruined remains are sited on the imposing Tsiv-Gombori Range. It was probably constructed, originally, at the end of the 1st millennium BC, at which time it was the only fortification controlling the valleys of the Iori (river), Iori and Alazani rivers. Archeology conducted during the 1970s in the area uncovered extensive evidence of the settlement that flourished in the flat land beneath the castle during and before the medieval period. The first surviving written records of it date back to the reign of Vakhtang I during the 5th century. At that time Khornabuji was one of the largest settlements in the Kakheti region. According to the chronicle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sapric
A sapric is a subtype of a histosol where virtually all of the organic material has undergone sufficient decomposition to prevent the identification of plant parts. Muck is a sapric soil that is naturally waterlogged or is artificially drained. Classification The soils are deep, dark colored, and friable, often underlain by marl, or marly clay. World Reference Base The World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB) defines "sapric" (sa) as a histosol having less than one-sixth (by volume) of the organic material consisting of recognizable plant tissue within 100 cm of the soil surface. Canada Muck soils fall under the Organic Order in the Canadian system of soil classification. Muck soils are organic soils, with at minimum of 30% organic matter and a depth of at least 40 cm. United States In the USDA soil taxonomy, sapric may be a subtype of a haplohemist or glacistel type, and may also be a diagnostic organic soil material where the fiber content is less than one-sixth of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Loamy
Loam (in geology and soil science) is soil composed mostly of sand (particle size > ), silt (particle size > ), and a smaller amount of clay (particle size < ). By weight, its mineral composition is about 40–40–20% concentration of sand–silt–clay, respectively. These proportions can vary to a degree, however, and result in different types of loam soils: sandy loam, silty loam, clay loam, sandy clay loam, silty clay loam, and loam. In the , textural classification triangle, the only soil that is not predominantly sand, silt, or clay is called "loam". Loam soils generally contain more nutrients, moisture, and |
Clay
Clay is a type of fine-grained natural soil material containing clay minerals (hydrous aluminium phyllosilicates, e.g. kaolin, Al2 Si2 O5( OH)4). Clays develop plasticity when wet, due to a molecular film of water surrounding the clay particles, but become hard, brittle and non–plastic upon drying or firing. Most pure clay minerals are white or light-coloured, but natural clays show a variety of colours from impurities, such as a reddish or brownish colour from small amounts of iron oxide. Clay is the oldest known ceramic material. Prehistoric humans discovered the useful properties of clay and used it for making pottery. Some of the earliest pottery shards have been dated to around 14,000 BC, and clay tablets were the first known writing medium. Clay is used in many modern industrial processes, such as paper making, cement production, and chemical filtering. Between one-half and two-thirds of the world's population live or work in buildings made with clay, often ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Terrain
Terrain or relief (also topographical relief) involves the vertical and horizontal dimensions of land surface. The term bathymetry is used to describe underwater relief, while hypsometry studies terrain relative to sea level. The Latin word (the root of ''terrain'') means "earth." In physical geography, terrain is the lay of the land. This is usually expressed in terms of the elevation, slope, and orientation of terrain features. Terrain affects surface water flow and distribution. Over a large area, it can affect weather and climate patterns. Importance The understanding of terrain is critical for many reasons: * The terrain of a region largely determines its suitability for human settlement: flatter alluvial plains tend to have better farming soils than steeper, rockier uplands. * In terms of environmental quality, agriculture, hydrology and other interdisciplinary sciences; understanding the terrain of an area assists the understanding of watershed boundaries, dra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wetland
A wetland is a distinct ecosystem that is flooded or saturated by water, either permanently (for years or decades) or seasonally (for weeks or months). Flooding results in oxygen-free (anoxic) processes prevailing, especially in the soils. The primary factor that distinguishes wetlands from terrestrial land forms or Body of water, water bodies is the characteristic vegetation of aquatic plants, adapted to the unique anoxic hydric soils. Wetlands are considered among the most biologically diverse of all ecosystems, serving as home to a wide range of plant and animal species. Methods for assessing wetland functions, wetland ecological health, and general wetland condition have been developed for many regions of the world. These methods have contributed to wetland conservation partly by raising public awareness of the functions some wetlands provide. Wetlands occur naturally on every continent. The water in wetlands is either freshwater, brackish or seawater, saltwater. The main w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Korugi Managed Reserve
, iucn_category = IV , photo = ივრის ჭალა (G.N. 2009).jpg , photo_alt = , photo_caption = Floodplain of Iori river , photo_width = , map = Georgia#Georgia Kakheti , relief = yes , location = , nearest_city =Sagarejo , map_alt = , map_caption = , map_width = , coordinates = , coords_ref = , area_acre = , area_km2 =20.68 , area_ref = , established = 1996 , visitation_num = , visitation_year = , governing_body = Agency of Protected Areas , world_heritage_site = , websiteMariamjvari Strict Nature Reserve Administration Korugi Managed Reserve ( ka, ყორუღის აღკვეთილი) also known as ''Korughi Managed Reserve'' is a protected area in the Sagarejo Municipality in the Kakheti region of Georgia on the Iori Plateau near the border with Azerbaijan. The reserve is part of Georgia's ''Protected Areas'' which also includes Mariamjvari Strict Nature Reserve and Iori Managed Reserve. Korugi Managed Reserve inc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iori Managed Reserve
, iucn_category = IV , photo = მდინარე იორი (G.N. 2012).jpg , photo_alt = , photo_caption = Iori river , photo_width = , map = Georgia#Georgia Kakheti , relief = yes , location = , nearest_city = , map_alt = , map_caption = , map_width = , coordinates = , coords_ref = , area_acre = , area_km2 =13.36 , area_ref = , established = 1996 , visitation_num = , visitation_year = , governing_body = Agency of Protected Areas , world_heritage_site = , websiteMariamjvari Strict Nature Reserve Administration Iori Managed Reserve ( ka, ივრის აღკვეთილი) is a protected area in the Signagi Municipality in Kakheti region of Georgia near the border with Azerbaijan. ''Protected Planet'' Iori Managed Reserve is part of Georgia's ''Protected Areas'' which also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Niko Pirosmanashvili
Niko Pirosmani ( ka, ნიკო ფიროსმანი ''Nik’o Pirosmani''), simply referred to as Nikala (ნიკალა ''Nik’ala''; 1862–1918), was a Georgian painter who posthumously rose to prominence. Relatively poor for most of his life, he worked a variety of ordinary jobs. His rustic, everyday scenes are celebrated today for their depiction of the Georgia of Pirosmani's lifetime, and he has become one of the country's most beloved artistic figures. Niko Pirosmani is alleged to be the inspiration for the male protagonist portrayed in the famous Russian song Million Roses. Biography Pirosmani was born in the Georgian village of Mirzaani to a peasant family in modern-day Kakheti province. His parents, Aslan Pirosmanashvili and Tekle Toklikishvili, were farmers, who owned a small vineyard, with a few cows and oxen. He was later orphaned and left in the care of his two elder sisters, Mariam and Pepe. He moved with them to Tbilisi in 1870. In 1872, while l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Defensive Wall
A defensive wall is a fortification usually used to protect a city, town or other settlement from potential aggressors. The walls can range from simple palisades or earthworks to extensive military fortifications with towers, bastions and gates for access to the city. From ancient to modern times, they were used to enclose settlements. Generally, these are referred to as city walls or town walls, although there were also walls, such as the Great Wall of China, Walls of Benin, Hadrian's Wall, Anastasian Wall, and the Atlantic Wall, which extended far beyond the borders of a city and were used to enclose regions or mark territorial boundaries. In mountainous terrain, defensive walls such as ''letzis'' were used in combination with castles to seal valleys from potential attack. Beyond their defensive utility, many walls also had important symbolic functions representing the status and independence of the communities they embraced. Existing ancient walls are almost always masonry ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heraclius II Of Georgia
Heraclius II ( ka, ერეკლე II), also known as Erekle II and The Little Kakhetian ( ka, პატარა კახი ) (7 November 1720 or 7 October 1721 C. ToumanoffHitchins, KeithHeraclius II. ''Encyclopædia Iranica Online edition – Iranica.com''. Retrieved on April 21, 2007.] – 11 January 1798), was a Georgia (country), Georgian List of Georgian monarchs, monarch of the Bagrationi dynasty, reigning as the king of Kakheti from 1744 to 1762, and of Kartli and Kakheti from 1762 until 1798. In the contemporary Persian sources he is referred to as Erekli Khan (), while Russians knew him as Irakly (). His name is frequently transliterated in a Latinized form Heraclius because both names Erekle and Irakli are Georgian versions of this Greek name. From being granted the kingship of Kakheti by his overlord Nader Shah in 1744 as a reward for his loyalty,Ronald Grigor Suny"The Making of the Georgian Nation"Indiana University Press, 1994. p 55 to becoming the penult ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
