Central Cooperative Wholesale
Co-operative Central Exchange (CCE, Finnish: Keskusosuuskunta), founded in 1917 and known from the spring of 1931 as Central Co-operative Wholesale, was the coordinating entity of a network of consumers' co-operatives located primarily in the states of the American Upper Midwest. Based in the Great Lakes port city of Superior, Wisconsin, located adjacent to the Finnish enclave of Duluth, Minnesota, the Co-operative Central Exchange produced an array of its own branded products under the "Red Star" and "Co-operators' Best" brand names and did annual volume well in excess of $1 million from 1928 on. The Co-operative Central Exchange was closely associated with the radical Finnish-American workers' movement associated with the Finnish Socialist Federation of the Socialist Party of America and later with the Finnish Federation of the Communist Party, USA (CPUSA). A split took place in 1931, with hardline adherents of Communist Party control departing the organization to form a rival coo ...
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