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Carte Blanche (champagne)
Louis Roederer is a producer of champagne based in Reims, France. Founded in 1776, the business was inherited and renamed by Louis Roederer in 1833. It remains as one of the few independent and family-run ''maisons de champagne'' (champagne houses). Over 3.5 million bottles of Louis Roederer champagne are shipped each year to more than 100 countries. History Initially founded as Dubois Père & Fils in 1776, Louis Roederer inherited the company from his uncle in 1833, renamed it eponymously, and set out to target markets abroad. With concentrated efforts in several countries, including Russia. Tsar Nicholas II nominated Louis Roederer as the official wine supplier to the Imperial Court of Russia. Though the Russian Revolution and U.S. Prohibition caused financial difficulties during the early 20th century, Roederer was re-established as a leading ''Grandes Marques'' producer and remains in descendants Rouzaud ownership. Cristal is a precursor ''prestige cuvée'' brand and was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chardonnay
Chardonnay (, , ) is a green-skinned grape variety used in the production of white wine. The variety originated in the Burgundy wine region of eastern French wine, France, but is now grown wherever wine is produced, from English wine, England to New Zealand wine, New Zealand. For new and developing wine regions, growing Chardonnay is seen as a 'rite of passage' and an easy entry into the international wine market. The Chardonnay grape itself is neutral, with many of the flavors commonly associated with the wine being derived from such influences as ''terroir'' and oak (wine), oak.Robinson, 2006, pp. 154–56. It is vinified in many different styles, from the lean, crisply mineral wines of Chablis, France, to New World wines with oak and tropical fruit flavors. In cool climates (such as Chablis and the Carneros AVA of California (wine), California), Chardonnay wine tends to be medium to light body with noticeable acidity (wine), acidity and flavors of green plum, apple, and pe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fall Of The Russian Monarchy
Abdication of Nicholas II (russian: Отречение Николая II) was a manifesto of the Emperor Nicholas II, signed in Pskov on 2 March ( O.S.) / 15 March ( N.S.) 1917, in the midst of World War I and the February Revolution. The Emperor renounced the throne of the Russian Empire on behalf of himself and his son, Tsarevich Alexei Nikolaevich, in favor of his brother Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich. The next day the Grand Duke refused to accept the imperial authority, stating that he would accept it only if that was the consensus of democratic action by the Russian Constituent Assembly, which shall define the form of government for Russia. The rule of the 300 year-old House of Romanov ended with the Grand Duke's decision. Power in Russia then passed to the Russian Provisional Government The Russian Provisional Government ( rus, Временное правительство России, Vremennoye pravitel'stvo Rossii) was a provisional government of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsar Alexander II
Alexander II ( rus, Алекса́ндр II Никола́евич, Aleksándr II Nikoláyevich, p=ɐlʲɪˈksandr ftɐˈroj nʲɪkɐˈlajɪvʲɪtɕ; 29 April 181813 March 1881) was Emperor of Russia, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Finland from 2 March 1855 until his assassination in 1881. Alexander's most significant reform as emperor was the emancipation of Russia's serfs in 1861, for which he is known as Alexander the Liberator ( rus, Алекса́ндр Освободи́тель, r=Aleksándr Osvobodytel, p=ɐlʲɪˈksandr ɐsvəbɐˈdʲitʲɪlʲ). The tsar was responsible for other reforms, including reorganizing the judicial system, setting up elected local judges, abolishing corporal punishment, promoting local self-government through the ''zemstvo'' system, imposing universal military service, ending some privileges of the nobility, and promoting university education. After an assassination attempt in 1866, Alexander adopted a somewhat more conservative sta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prestige Cuvée
Champagne (, ) is a sparkling wine originated and produced in the Champagne wine region of France under the rules of the appellation, that demand specific vineyard practices, sourcing of grapes exclusively from designated places within it, specific grape-pressing methods and secondary fermentation (wine), secondary fermentation of the wine in the bottle to cause carbonation. The grapes Pinot noir, Pinot meunier, and Chardonnay are used to produce almost all Champagne, but small amounts of Pinot blanc, Pinot gris (called Fromenteau in Champagne), Arbane, and Petit Meslier are vinified as well. Champagne became associated with royalty in the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries. The leading manufacturers made efforts to associate their Champagnes with nobility and royal family, royalty through advertising and packaging, which led to its popularity among the emerging middle class. Origins Still wines from the Champagne region were known before Middle Ages, medieval times. The Anci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Degorgement
Sparkling wine production is the method of winemaking used to produce sparkling wine. The oldest known production of sparkling wine took place in 1531 with the ''ancestral method''. Pressure and terminology In popular parlance and also in the title of this article the term ''sparkling'' is used for all wines that produce bubbles at the surface after opening. Under EU law the term ''sparkling'' has a special meaning that does not include all wines that produce bubbles. For this reason the terms ''fizzy'' and ''effervescent'' are sometimes used to include all bubbly wines. The following terms are increasingly used to designate different bottle pressures: * ''Beady'' is a wine with less than of pressure. * ''Semi-sparkling'' is a wine with of pressure. ''Semi-sparkling'' wines include wines labelled as Frizzante, Spritzig, Pétillant and Pearl. * ''Sparkling'' is a wine with above of pressure. This is the only wine that can be labelled as ''sparkling'' under EU law. ''Sparklin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avize
Avize () is a commune in the Marne department in northeastern France. Champagne The village's vineyards are located in the Côte des Blancs subregion of Champagne, and are classified as Grand Cru (100%) in the Champagne vineyard classification. Located in the heart of the Côte des Blancs, Avize is a village wine with many Champagne houses. About 400 winegrowers harvest 3,350 tons of grapes annually. Its fermentation within the 12 km of the city cellars gave birth to the most prestigious wines of Champagne: ''Blanc de blancs''. A treasure with flavors of orange and grapefruit that attracted the most beautiful houses in Avize: Moët & Chandon, Veuve Clicquot and Champagne Roederer. Major champagne houses were founded in Avize as De Cazanove (1811), Koch (1820), or Bricout (1966). Population See also *Communes of the Marne department *Classification of Champagne vineyards The classification of Champagne vineyards developed in the mid-20th century as a means of setti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cramant
Cramant () is a commune in the Marne department in north-eastern France. Champagne The village's vineyards are located in the Côte des Blancs subregion of Champagne, and are classified as Grand Cru (100%) in the Champagne vineyard classification. See also *Communes of the Marne department *Classification of Champagne vineyards The classification of Champagne vineyards developed in the mid-20th century as a means of setting the price of grapes grown through the villages of the Champagne wine region. Unlike the classification of Bordeaux wine estates or Burgundy Grand c ... References Communes of Marne (department) Grand Cru Champagne villages {{Marne-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Côte Des Blancs
The Côte des Blancs is an area of Champagne vineyards. Located in the department of Marne, it lies south of Epernay, stretches for about 20 km, and had a vineyard area of in 2006. The ''Côte des Blancs'' is a mostly eastern-facing slope that owes its name to the color of the grape that is planted: 95% Chardonnay. Champagnes in this area include the term " blanc de blancs". Only four villages are located on the actual Côtes des Blancs slope, namely Avize, Cramant, Le Mesnil-sur-Oger and Oger but all municipalities between Cuis and Bergères-les-Vertus have their vineyards on the côtes. The ''Côte des Blancs'' yields popular champagnes, which are known for light and delicate aromas, finesse and elegance. The Côtes des Blancs is the source of Chardonnay for many vintage Champagnes and prestige cuvées from the large Champagne houses. Classification Côte des Blancs includes six villages classified as grand cru. *Avize *Chouilly *Cramant *Le Mesnil-sur-Oger *Oger ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cumières
Cumières () is a commune in the Marne department in north-eastern France. Twin towns Cumières is twinned with: * Felino, Italy * Assesse, Belgium See also * Communes of the Marne department *Montagne de Reims Regional Natural Park Montagne de Reims Regional Natural Park (French: ''Parc naturel régional de la Montagne de Reims'') is a protected area in the Grand Est region of France. It is organized around the Montagne de Reims, a wooded range of hills covered by vineyard ... References Communes of Marne (department) {{Marne-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malolactic Fermentation
Malolactic conversion (also known as malolactic fermentation or MLF) is a process in winemaking in which tart-tasting malic acid, naturally present in grape must, is converted to softer-tasting lactic acid. Malolactic fermentation is most often performed as a secondary fermentation shortly after the end of the primary fermentation, but can sometimes run concurrently with it. The process is standard for most red wine production and common for some white grape varieties such as Chardonnay, where it can impart a "buttery" flavor from diacetyl, a byproduct of the reaction. The fermentation reaction is undertaken by the family of lactic acid bacteria (LAB); ''Oenococcus oeni'', and various species of ''Lactobacillus'' and ''Pediococcus''. Chemically, malolactic fermentation is a decarboxylation, which means carbon dioxide is liberated in the process.K. Fugelsang, C. Edwards ''Wine Microbiology'' Second Edition pgs 29-44, 88-91, 130-135, 168-179 Springer Science and Business Media, New ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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