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Carrie Cunningham
Carrie Cunningham (born April 28, 1972) is an American former professional tennis player who played on the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) Circuit from 1987 until 1994. She comes from the state of Michigan, United States. Career singles highlights Cunningham's career highlights include a world ranking of 32 in 1991, ending the year with a rank of 51 after reaching the third rounds of both the Australian and French Opens. Her best Grand Slam performance was attaining the 4th round (round of 16) at the 1992 US Open, losing to eventual semi-finalist Manuela Maleeva-Fragniere, 6–3, 7–5. She reached the second round in Wimbledon from 1989-1991. She also holds one Grand Slam Junior title - the US Junior Open Championship in 1988. Doubles highlights Cunningham was also on the doubles circuit, reaching one WTA final - the 1991 Tokyo International, with doubles partner Laura Gildemeister, losing 6–3, 6–3 to the team of Pam Shriver and Mary Joe Fernandez. She does ho ...
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United States Dollar
The United States dollar ( symbol: $; code: USD; also abbreviated US$ or U.S. Dollar, to distinguish it from other dollar-denominated currencies; referred to as the dollar, U.S. dollar, American dollar, or colloquially buck) is the official currency of the United States and several other countries. The Coinage Act of 1792 introduced the U.S. dollar at par with the Spanish silver dollar, divided it into 100 cents, and authorized the minting of coins denominated in dollars and cents. U.S. banknotes are issued in the form of Federal Reserve Notes, popularly called greenbacks due to their predominantly green color. The monetary policy of the United States is conducted by the Federal Reserve System, which acts as the nation's central bank. The U.S. dollar was originally defined under a bimetallic standard of (0.7735 troy ounces) fine silver or, from 1837, fine gold, or $20.67 per troy ounce. The Gold Standard Act of 1900 linked the dollar solely to gold. From 1934, it ...
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International Tennis Federation
The International Tennis Federation (ITF) is the governing body of world tennis, wheelchair tennis, and beach tennis. It was founded in 1913 as the International Lawn Tennis Federation by twelve national tennis associations. As of 2016, there are 211 national and six regional associations that make up ITF's membership. The ITF's governance responsibilities include maintaining and enforcing the rules of tennis, regulating international team competitions, promoting the game, and preserving the sport's integrity via anti-doping and anti-corruption programs. The ITF partners with the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) and the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) to govern professional tennis. The ITF organizes the Grand Slam events, annual team competitions for men ( Davis Cup), women (Billie Jean King Cup), and mixed teams (Hopman Cup), as well as tennis and wheelchair tennis events at the Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games on behalf of the International Olympic Committee. T ...
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Natalia Zvereva
Natallia Marataŭna Zvierava ( be, Наталля Маратаўна Зверава; russian: Наталья Маратовна Зверева, Natalia Maratovna Zvereva; born 16 April 1971) is a former professional tennis player from Belarus. She was the first major athlete in the Soviet Union to demand publicly that she should be able to keep her tournament earnings. Zvereva and her main doubles partner Gigi Fernández are the most successful women's doubles team (measured by WTA Tour and major titles) since Martina Navratilova and Pam Shriver. On 12 July 2010, Zvereva was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame alongside Fernández. Personal life Zvereva was born as Natalya Marataŭna Zvereva in Minsk, Belarus to parents Marat Nikolayevich Zverev and Nina Grigoryevna Zvereva. She started tennis at the age of seven at the encouragement of her parents, who were both tennis instructors in the Soviet Union. While her name is sometimes spelled Zverava, in 1994 she of ...
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Mary Joe Fernández
Mary Joe Fernández Godsick (born María José Fernández; August 19, 1971) is an American former professional tennis player, who reached a career-high ranking of world No. 4 in both singles and doubles. In singles, Fernández was the runner-up at the 1990 Australian Open – Women's singles, 1990 and 1992 Australian Open – Women's singles, 1992 Australian Open, and the 1993 French Open – Women's singles, 1993 French Open. She also won a bronze medal at the Tennis_at_the_1992_Summer_Olympics_–_Women%27s_singles, 1992 Summer Olympics. In doubles, she won the 1991 Australian Open – Women's doubles, 1991 Australian Open with Patty Fendick and the 1996 French Open – Women's doubles, 1996 French Open with Lindsay Davenport, plus two Olympic Games, Olympic gold medals. Career Fernández first came to the tennis world's attention as an outstanding junior player who won four straight Dunlop Orange Bowl, Orange Bowl junior titles. In 1985, aged 14 years and eight days, she becam ...
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Laura Arraya
Laura Arraya (born 12 January 1964) is a retired Peruvian tennis player. She was also known by her married name Laura Gildemeister. Career At a young age, Argentine-born Arraya emigrated to Peru with her family and acquired Peruvian nationality. She later represented Peru in international matches. Her best result in a Grand Slam was a quarterfinal at Wimbledon in 1991. Her brother Pablo Arraya is =a former tennis player, who reached the top 30 in the Association of Tennis Professionals rankings. In 1984, Arraya married Chilean tennis player Heinz Gildemeister, but they later divorced. At present, she directs a tennis academy in Lima and in Key Biscayne with her brother Pablo. When she won the OTB Open in July 1989,See her profile at the Women's Tennis Association she became the first mother since Evonne Goolagong to win a Women's Tennis Association The Women's Tennis Association (WTA) is the principal organizing body of women's professional tennis. It governs the WT ...
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Nichirei International Championships
The Nichirei International Championships is a defunct WTA Tour affiliated professional women's tennis tournament played from 1990 to 1996. It was held in Tokyo in Japan and was played on indoor carpet courts in 1990 and on outdoor hard courts from 1991 to 1996. Monica Seles won the event a record three times, representing the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1991, the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1992, and the United States in 1996. Mary Joe Fernández Mary Joe Fernández Godsick (born María José Fernández; August 19, 1971) is an American former professional tennis player, who reached a career-high ranking of world No. 4 in both singles and doubles. In singles, Fernández was the runner-up ... garnered the most championships overall, with four of her five triumphs coming in the doubles competition. The tournament was replaced by the Toyota Princess Cup. Prize money Finals Singles Doubles References WTA Results Archive Hard court tennis tourn ...
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Harvard School Of Public Health
The Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health is the public health school of Harvard University, located in the Longwood Medical Area of Boston, Massachusetts. The school grew out of the Harvard-MIT School for Health Officers, the nation's first graduate training program in population health, which was founded in 1913 and then became the Harvard School of Public Health in 1922. Harvard's T.H. Chan School of Public Health is currently ranked as the best school for public health in the world by both the ''Academic Ranking of World Universities'' and EduRank. It is also ranked as the second (tie) best public health school in the nation by '' U.S. News & World Report''. History Harvard's T.H. School of Public Health traces its origins to the Harvard-MIT School for Health Officers, which was founded in 1913. Harvard calls it "the nation's first graduate training program in public health." In 1922, the School for Health Officers became the Harvard School of Public Health. In 1946, it ...
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University Of Michigan
, mottoeng = "Arts, Knowledge, Truth" , former_names = Catholepistemiad, or University of Michigania (1817–1821) , budget = $10.3 billion (2021) , endowment = $17 billion (2021)As of October 25, 2021. , president = Santa Ono , provost = Laurie McCauley , established = , type = Public research university , academic_affiliations = , students = 48,090 (2021) , undergrad = 31,329 (2021) , postgrad = 16,578 (2021) , administrative_staff = 18,986 (2014) , faculty = 6,771 (2014) , city = Ann Arbor , state = Michigan , country = United States , coor = , campus = Midsize City, Total: , including arboretum , colors = Maize & Blue , nickname = Wolverines , sporti ...
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Monica Seles
Monica Seles (; hu, Széles Mónika, ; sr, Моника Селеш, Monika Seleš; born December 2, 1973) is a retired professional tennis player who represented Yugoslavia and the United States. A former world No. 1, she won nine Grand Slam singles titles, eight of them as a teenager while representing Yugoslavia, and the final one while representing the United States. In 1990, Seles became the youngest-ever French Open champion at the age of 16. She went on to win eight Grand Slam singles titles before her 20th birthday and was the year-end No. 1 in 1991 and 1992. However, on April 30, 1993, while playing a match against Magdalena Maleeva, she was the victim of an on-court attack when an obsessed fan of Seles rival Steffi Graf stabbed Seles in the back with a long knife as she was sitting down between games. Seles did not return to tennis for over two years after the stabbing. Though she enjoyed some success after returning to tennis in 1995, including victory at the 1996 ...
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Grunting (tennis)
Grunting in tennis is a loud noise made by some players while hitting their shots. Such noises have sometimes been described as "shrieking" or "screaming". Monica Seles, and Jimmy Connors and John McEnroe are generally considered to be the "grunt creators" in the women's and men's games, respectively. Examples of contemporary tennis players who grunt are Serena Williams, Venus Williams, Maria Sharapova, Victoria Azarenka, Aryna Sabalenka, Rafael Nadal, Andy Murray, Novak Djokovic, Carlos Alcaraz, Dominic Thiem, David Ferrer, and Gustavo Kuerten. However, some players such as Djokovic have reduced their grunting habits as their career has progressed. Overview and punishment In the 1988 US Open, Ivan Lendl complained about Andre Agassi's grunting: "When Agassi went for a big shot, his grunt was much louder. It threw off my timing". In the 2009 French Open, Aravane Rezaï complained to the umpire about Michelle Larcher de Brito's "shrieking", which led to a Grand Slam supervisor be ...
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Andrea Farley
Andrea M. Farley (born September 30, 1971) is an American former professional tennis player. Biography Growing up in Cincinnati, Ohio, Farley won four state high school singles championships, a record for any player (male or female). She was a junior singles finalist at the 1988 French Open and was also the junior runner-up at the 1989 Australian Open. Farley, who reached a career high ranking of 118 in the world, featured in the main draw of all grand slam tournaments except Wimbledon, although she did play there as a junior. As a qualifier at the 1989 Australian Open, she won her way through to the third round, where she was beaten in three sets by eighth seed Claudia Kohde-Kilsch. At the 1989 French Open she defeated former semi-finalist Jo Durie in the first round. In the early 1990s she played college tennis for the University of Florida and earned All-American honors on three occasions. When she graduated from the University of Florida in 1993 she retired from playing pr ...
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Mary Joe Fernandez
Mary may refer to: People * Mary (name), a feminine given name (includes a list of people with the name) Religious contexts * New Testament people named Mary, overview article linking to many of those below * Mary, mother of Jesus, also called the Blessed Virgin Mary * Mary Magdalene, devoted follower of Jesus * Mary of Bethany, follower of Jesus, considered by Western medieval tradition to be the same person as Mary Magdalene * Mary, mother of James * Mary of Clopas, follower of Jesus * Mary, mother of John Mark * Mary of Egypt, patron saint of penitents * Mary of Rome, a New Testament woman * Mary, mother of Zechariah and sister of Moses and Aaron; mostly known by the Hebrew name: Miriam * Mary the Jewess one of the reputed founders of alchemy, referred to by Zosimus. * Mary 2.0, Roman Catholic women's movement * Maryam (surah) "Mary", 19th surah (chapter) of the Qur'an Royalty * Mary, Countess of Blois (1200–1241), daughter of Walter of Avesnes and Margaret of Blois * M ...
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