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Capture Of Ceylon Medal
__NOTOC__ The Capture of Ceylon Medal is a campaign medal that was awarded by the Governor-General of India to soldiers in Bengal artillery units of the armies of the East India Company (EIC) who took part in the capture of Ceylon in 1795–96. Criteria The medal was instituted on 15 May 1807 by an Order in Council at Fort William, India. It was awarded to surviving members of the Bengal Army artillery who served under the command of the East India Company during the British invasion of Dutch Ceylon, over the period 21 July 1795 – 16 February 1796, during the French Revolutionary Wars. The medals were finally completed and distributed in 1811. Two medals were cast in gold for award to officers, probably Captains Barton and Clarke but possibly to two native officers, with 121 being cast in silver for native Indian non-commissioned officers and men (known as ''Gun Lascars'') of the Bengal Artillery. Other participants of the invasion, including other East India Company troops ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flag Of The British East India Company (1707)
The flag of the East India Company was used to represent the East India Company, which was chartered in England in 1600. The flag was altered as the nation changed from England to Great Britain to the United Kingdom. It was initially a red and white striped ensign with the flag of England in the canton. The flag displayed in the canton was later replaced by the flag of Great Britain and then the flag of the United Kingdom, as the nation developed. Early years Upon receiving a Royal Charter to trade in the Indian Ocean from Queen Elizabeth I in 1600, the English East India Company adopted a flag of red and white stripes (varying from nine to thirteen stripes in total), with the flag of England in the canton. It was reported that the number of stripes was chosen because many of the East India Company's shareholders were Freemasons, and the number thirteen is considered powerful in Freemasonry. However, different reports gave varying initial numbers of stripes. The flag cause ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Presidency Armies
The presidency armies were the armies of the three presidencies of the East India Company's rule in India, later the forces of the British Crown in India, composed primarily of Indian sepoys. The presidency armies were named after the presidencies: the Bengal Army, the Madras Army and the Bombay Army. Initially, only Europeans served as commissioned or non-commissioned officers. In time, Indian Army units were garrisoned from Peshawar in the north, to Sind in the west, and to Rangoon in the east. The army was engaged in the wars to extend British control in India (the Mysore, Maratha and Sikh wars) and beyond (the Burma, Afghan, First and Second Opium Wars, and the Expedition to Abyssinia). The presidency armies, like the presidencies themselves, belonged to the Company until the Indian Rebellion of 1857, when the Crown took over the Company and its three armies. In 1895, the three presidency armies were merged into a united Indian Army. Origin The origin of the British Indian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medals Of The Honourable East India Company
A medal or medallion is a small portable artistic object, a thin disc, normally of metal, carrying a design, usually on both sides. They typically have a commemorative purpose of some kind, and many are presented as awards. They may be intended to be worn, suspended from clothing or jewellery in some way, although this has not always been the case. They may be struck like a coin by dies or die-cast in a mould. A medal may be awarded to a person or organisation as a form of recognition for sporting, military, scientific, cultural, academic, or various other achievements. Military awards and decorations are more precise terms for certain types of state decoration. Medals may also be created for sale to commemorate particular individuals or events, or as works of artistic expression in their own right. In the past, medals commissioned for an individual, typically with their portrait, were often used as a form of diplomatic or personal gift, with no sense of being an award for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Campaign Medals
British campaign medals are awarded to members of the British Armed Forces, Allied forces and civilians participating in specified military campaigns. Examples include the ''Defence Medal'', for homeland defence in World War II, and the ''Atlantic Star'' for World War II sea service in the Atlantic. 18th century * Naval Gold Medal (1794) 19th century * Army Gold Cross (1810) * Army Gold Medal (1810) * Waterloo Medal (1815) * Ghuznee Medal (1839) * Candahar, Ghuznee, Cabul Medal (1842) * Jellalabad Medals (1842) * Medal for the Defence of Kelat-I-Ghilzie (1842) * China War Medal (1842) * Scinde Medal (1843) * Gwalior Star (1843) * Sutlej Medal (1846) * Naval General Service Medal (1847) * Military General Service Medal (1847) * Punjab Medal (1849) * Army of India Medal (1851) * India General Service Medal (1854) * South Africa Medal (1854) * Crimean War Medal (1854) * Baltic Medal (1856) * Indian Mutiny Medal (1858) * Second China War Medal (1861) * New ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Awards And Decorations Of The United Kingdom
The British Armed Forces recognises service and personal accomplishments of individuals while a member of the Royal Navy, British Army or Royal Air Force with the awarding of various awards and decorations. Together with rank and qualification badges, such awards are a means to outwardly display the highlights of a serviceperson's career. Order of wear All services use a common order of wear, the following general rules apply: # The Victoria Cross and the George Cross # United Kingdom Orders # United Kingdom Decorations # Order of St John (all classes) # United Kingdom Medals for Gallantry and for Distinguished Service # United Kingdom Campaign and Operational Service Medals (including authorised United Nations medals and medals of other recognised international organisations). Worn in order of date of award # United Kingdom Polar Medals # United Kingdom Police Medals for Valuable Service # United Kingdom Jubilee, Coronation and Durbar Medals # Long Service and Efficiency Awa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Awards Established In 1807
An award, sometimes called a distinction, is something given to a recipient as a token of recognition of excellence in a certain field. When the token is a medal, ribbon or other item designed for wearing, it is known as a decoration. An award may be described by three aspects: 1) who is given 2) what 3) by whom, all varying according to purpose. The recipient is often to a single person, such as a student or athlete, or a representative of a group of people, be it an organisation, a sports team or a whole country. The award item may be a decoration, that is an insignia suitable for wearing, such as a medal, badge, or rosette (award). It can also be a token object such as certificate, diploma, championship belt, trophy, or plaque. The award may also be or be accompanied by a title of honor, as well as an object of direct value such as prize money or a scholarship. Furthermore, an honorable mention is an award given, typically in education, that does not confer the recipient(s) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Awards And Decorations Of Sri Lanka
The Sri Lankan Armed Forces award medals and their associated ribbon bars in recognition of various levels of service, personal accomplishments and commemorative events while a regular- or volunteer serviceperson is a member of the Sri Lanka Army, Sri Lanka Navy and the Sri Lanka Air Force. Together with military badges, such awards are a means to outwardly display the highlights of a serviceperson's career. Medals for gallantry * Parama Weera Vibhushanaya (Order of Absolute Heroism) * Weerodara Vibhushanaya (Order of Heroism) * Weera Wickrama Vibhushanaya (Order of Heroic Valor) * Rana Wickrama Padakkama (War Valor Medal) * Rana Sura Padakkama (War Champion Medal) Sri Lanka orders * Vishista Seva Vibhushanaya (Distinguished Service Order) * Karyakshama Seva Vibhushanaya (Efficient Service Order) (Sri Lanka Army Volunteer Force) * Prashansaniya Seva Vibhushanaya (Commendable Service Order) (Sri Lanka Volunteer Naval Force) Wound medals * Uththama Pooja Pranama Padakkama (Me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ceylon Medal
The Ceylon Medal was a campaign medal awarded by the British Ceylon, Government of Ceylon from 1819 for a military action along the Badulla-Passara route on 16 June 1818, during the closing stages of the Great Rebellion of 1817–18, Uva rebellion, part of the third Kandyan Wars, Kandyan War. The medal was the only one struck for the Kandyan Wars. Background On 16 June 1818, several regiments of British colonial forces were on the road to Badulla: the Green Howards, 19th, 73rd (Perthshire) Regiment of Foot, 73rd, the 1st and 2nd Ceylon Rifle Regiment, Ceylon Regiments, and the 67th Punjabis, 7th, Madras Army, 15th and 18th Madras Native Infantry. The column took rest at Passara, and a Lieutenant Wilkinson directed a party of troops to go on ahead to Badulla and rendezvous with an escort party; this scouting party consisted of "6 Europeans, 6 Malays and 6 Kaffir (racial term), Caffres". The party, being unfamiliar with the area, were caught in a Kandyan ambush at a point about fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burma Medal
The Burma Medal is a campaign medal awarded by the Governor-General of India to native Indian soldiers of the armies of the Honourable East India Company (HEIC) who participated in the First Burma War from April 1824 to February 1826. Criteria The War was fought between the British HEIC and the Kingdom of Burma, primarily over Burmese incursions into north east India. The war ended in February 1826 with the Treaty of Yandabo, in which Burma ceded territory to the HEIC, paid a large indemnity and agreed to sign a commercial treaty. The medal was authorised by Lord Amherst, the Governor-General of India, in April 1826. It was awarded to HEIC forces only, to native Indian officers and officials in gold (about 750 awarded) and to native other ranks in silver (about 24,000 awarded). The only European to receive the medal, in gold, was General Sir Archibald Campbell who commanded the British and Indian forces during the campaign. The medal was limited to those involved in the actual fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hijri Year
The Hijri year ( ar, سَنة هِجْريّة) or era ( ''at-taqwīm al-hijrī'') is the era used in the Islamic lunar calendar. It begins its count from the Islamic New Year in which Muhammad and his followers migrated from Mecca to Yathrib (now Medina). This event, known as the Hijrah, is commemorated in Islam for its role in the founding of the first Muslim community (''ummah''). In the West, this era is most commonly denoted as AH ( la, Anno Hegirae , 'in the year of the Hijra') in parallel with the Christian (AD), Common (CE) and Jewish eras (AM) and can similarly be placed before or after the date. In predominantly Muslim countries, it is also commonly abbreviated H ("Hijra") from its Arabic abbreviation '' hāʾ'' (). Years prior to AH 1 are reckoned in English as BH ("Before the Hijrah"), which should follow the date. A year in the Islamic lunar calendar consists of twelve lunar months and has only 354 or 355 days in its year. Consequently its New Year's Day occurs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Persian Language
Persian (), also known by its endonym Farsi (, ', ), is a Western Iranian language belonging to the Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranian subdivision of the Indo-European languages. Persian is a pluricentric language predominantly spoken and used officially within Iran, Afghanistan, and Tajikistan in three mutually intelligible standard varieties, namely Iranian Persian (officially known as ''Persian''), Dari Persian (officially known as ''Dari'' since 1964) and Tajiki Persian (officially known as ''Tajik'' since 1999).Siddikzoda, S. "Tajik Language: Farsi or not Farsi?" in ''Media Insight Central Asia #27'', August 2002. It is also spoken natively in the Tajik variety by a significant population within Uzbekistan, as well as within other regions with a Persianate history in the cultural sphere of Greater Iran. It is written officially within Iran and Afghanistan in the Persian alphabet, a derivation of the Arabic script, and within Tajikistan in the Tajik alphabet, a der ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
India Government Mint, Kolkata
The India Government Mint, Kolkata was first established in 1757, and was located in a building next to the Black Hole in the old fort – where the GPO (General Post Office) stands today. It was called the Calcutta Mint and used to produce coins with the mint name Murshidabad. Second mint The second Calcutta Mint was established with the modern machinery brought in 1790 from England. It was located at the site of Gillet Ship building Establishment, which had been taken over by the Stamp and Stationary Committee in 1833. The coins issued from this mint continued to bear mint name Murshidabad. Third mint In March 1824, the foundation of the third Calcutta Mint was laid on Strand Road and was opened for production from 1 August 1829. Until 1835, coins issued at this mint continued to be in the name of the Murshidabad Mint. The imposing frontage of the building of the third Mint was based on a design of the Temple of Athena in Athens, Greece, usually known as the Parthenon. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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