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Campaña Admirable
The Admirable Campaign () was a military action led by Simón Bolívar in which the provinces of Mérida, Barinas, Trujillo and Caracas were conquered by the Patriots.Arana, M., 2013, Bolivar, New York: Simon & Schuster, Its objective was to free Venezuela from Spanish control, which was accomplished in conjunction with Santiago Mariño's simultaneous campaign in the east. Overview After the loss of the First Republic of Venezuela, Bolívar had gone to New Granada where he joined the army of the United Provinces, which was in the process of fighting with cities that did not recognize its authority. On January 28, 1813 Bolívar captured Ocaña, a city which was on the main roads to Venezuela. The expedition was formed by two divisions, a vanguard led by Colonel Atanasio Girardot and a rear under Colonel José Félix Ribas. At the same time Domingo de Monteverde was moving troops to western Venezuela in preparation for an invasion of New Granada, threatening the newly independen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Venezuelan War Of Independence
The Venezuelan War of Independence ( es, Guerra de Independencia de Venezuela, links=no, 1810–1823) was one of the Spanish American wars of independence of the early nineteenth century, when independence movements in Latin America fought against rule by the Spanish Empire, emboldened by Spain's troubles in the Napoleonic Wars. The establishment of the Supreme Caracas Junta following the forced deposition of Vicente Emparan as Captain General of the Captaincy General of Venezuela on 19 April 1810, marked the beginnings of the war. On 5 July 1811, seven of the ten provinces of the Captaincy General of Venezuela declared their independence in the Venezuelan Declaration of Independence. The First Republic of Venezuela was lost in 1812 following the 1812 Caracas earthquake and the 1812 Battle of La Victoria. Simón Bolívar led an "Admirable Campaign" to retake Venezuela, establishing the Second Republic of Venezuela in 1813; but this too did not last, falling to a combination ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Venezuela
Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link=no, República Bolivariana de Venezuela), is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many islands and islets in the Caribbean Sea. It has a territorial extension of , and its population was estimated at 29 million in 2022. The capital and largest urban agglomeration is the city of Caracas. The continental territory is bordered on the north by the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean, on the west by Colombia, Brazil on the south, Trinidad and Tobago to the north-east and on the east by Guyana. The Venezuelan government maintains a claim against Guyana to Guayana Esequiba. Venezuela is a federal presidential republic consisting of 23 states, the Capital District and federal dependencies covering Venezuela's offshore islands. Venezuela is among the most urbanized countries in Latin America; the vast majority of Venezuelans live in the cities of the n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peninsulares
In the context of the Spanish Empire, a ''peninsular'' (, pl. ''peninsulares'') was a Spaniard born in Spain residing in the New World, Spanish East Indies, or Spanish Guinea. Nowadays, the word ''peninsulares'' makes reference to Peninsular Spain and in contrast to the "islanders" (''isleños''), from the Balearic or Canary Islands or the territories of Ceuta and Melilla. A equivalent to the Spanish ''peninsulares'' in the Portuguese Colonial Brazil was the ''reinóis'', Portuguese people born in Portugal, while Portuguese born in Brazil with both parents being ''reinóis'' were known as ''mazombos''. Spaniards born in the Spanish Philippines were called ''insular/es'' or originally ''filipino/s'''','' before "Filipino" now came to be known as all of the modern citizens of the now sovereign independent Philippines. Spaniards born in the colonies of the New World that today comprises the Hispanic America are called ''criollos'' (individuals of wholly European Spanish descent, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Decree Of War To The Death
The Decree of War to the Death, in Spanish ''Decreto de Guerra a Muerte'', was a decree issued by the South American leader Simón Bolívar which permitted murder and any atrocities whatsoever to be committed against civilians born in Spain, other than those actively assisting South American independence, and furthermore exonerated people from the Americas who had already committed such murders and atrocities. The phrase "war to the death" was used as a euphemism for these atrocities. The decree was an explicit " war of extermination" in Bolívar's attempt to maintain Venezuelan independence in the war with Spain, since he felt that the Spanish Army's use of atrocities against those who supported the First Republic of Venezuela had contributed decisively to its defeat.Arana, M. (2013). ''Bolivar''. New York: Simon & Schuster, Bolívar promulgated the decree on June 15, 1813, in the Venezuelan city of Trujillo. Background The decree states that it was created as a response to se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trujillo, Trujillo
Trujillo is the capital city of Trujillo State in Venezuela. About 40,000 people live in this city, located in El Valle de Los Mukas. History Founded by one of the "Conquistadores de America", Diego García de Paredes (1506 - 1563), son of Diego García de Paredes (the father), (1466-1534), Spanish soldier and duellist, native of Trujillo in Extremadura, Spain. In 1678, Trujillo was the farthest point in a daring raid on Spanish-held Venezuela, carried out by six pirate ships and 700 men led by the French buccaneer Michel de Grammont. Twin cities * Trujillo, La Libertad (Peru) * Trujillo (Honduras) * Trujillo, Cáceres Trujillo is a municipality located in Extremadura, an autonomous community of Spain in the Province of Cáceres. In 2013, the municipality had 9,086 inhabitants (INE Census, 2013). Originally settled on a granite knoll which was readily fortified ... (Spain) References Cities in Trujillo (state) Populated places established in 1557 1557 establi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mérida, Mérida
Mérida, officially known as ''Santiago de los Caballeros de Mérida'', is the capital of the municipality of Libertador and the state of Mérida, and is one of the main cities of the Venezuelan Andes. It was founded in 1558 by Captain Juan Rodríguez Suárez, forming part of Nueva Granada, but later became part of the Captaincy General of Venezuela and played an active role in the War of Independence. The capital city's population is 204,879 inhabitants, and the metropolitan area, that includes the municipality of Libertador, reaches 345,489 people (Census 2001). The city accounts for 28% of the total population of Mérida State, which has more than 750,000 inhabitants (Census 2001). It is home to the University of Los Andes and the Archdiocese of Mérida. It also has the highest and longest cable car in the world. It is the largest student and tourist center of western Venezuela. The mass transit system ( Trolebús Mérida) is available as a means of tourist transport. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
La Grita
La Grita is a town in the north west of Táchira state, Venezuela. It has a population of 80.000. Located in an Andean valley, La Grita has a beautiful natural setting and fertile land. The town includes colonial style houses and open plazas. The area offers visitors activities including hiking, camping, mountain climbing, as well as flora and fauna observation. Religious tourism is a main attraction during Semana Santa or during the celebration of the Santo Cristo de La Grita every August 6. History Founded by the Spanish Captain Francisco de Cáceres, in 1576, also known as ciudad de Atenas or ciudad del Espíritu Santo, it was the capital of the Province of La Grita (1576–1607). Later the town was a strategic point in Simon Bolivar's "Admirable Campaign" (1813). Bolivar stayed at the "Balcony House", now known as a site of great value to Venezuela's independence movement. La Grita was affected by the 1875 Cúcuta earthquake The 1875 Cúcuta earthquake (also known as e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
San Cristóbal, Táchira
San Cristóbal () is the capital city of the Venezuelan state of Táchira. It is located in a mountainous region of Western Venezuela. The city is situated above sea level in the northern Andes overlooking the Torbes River, from the Colombian border. San Cristóbal was founded on March 31, 1561, by Juan de Maldonado. From its inception, the city evolved rapidly as one of the most progressive and important centers of commerce in the country, due primarily to its rich soil and its proximity to the border with Colombia. The city was severely damaged by the Earthquake of Cúcuta (also known as Earthquake of the Andes) in 1875. The city is located on the Pan-American Highway. Education San Cristobal has a large student population. There are many post-secondary schools, both public and private, in San Cristobal. The main higher education facilities are: * Universidad Nacional Experimental del Táchira (UNET) * Universidad de los Andes (ULA) * Universidad Católica del Táchira ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cartagena Manifesto
The Cartagena Manifesto was written by Simón Bolívar during the Colombian and Venezuelan War of Independence, after the fall of the First Republic, explaining what he believed to be the causes of this loss. It was written in Cartagena de Indias, on 15 December 1812. This is the first of Bolívar's public documents, which due to his later fame as the "Liberator of five nations," have become quite well known. The document contained the conceptual framework of his new agenda, which he then acted out in the field. Background Prior to the document's publication, Bolívar had been an officer in the Venezuelan army. The First Republic, however, was defeated due to a number of movements that confronted and exploited each other such as the royalists who fought for the old order, the supporters of independence who fought for creole supremacy, and the ''pardos'', blacks, and slaves who fought for their liberation. The conflict was exacerbated by a number of factors such as the shortage o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Cúcuta
The Battle of Cúcuta was a military conflict in the Spanish American wars of independence fought on February 28, 1813 between the pro-independence forces led by Simón Bolívar and Spanish royalist troops under General Ramón Correa at the town of Cúcuta, in present-day Colombia, close to the border with Venezuela.Arana, M., 2013, Bolivar, New York: Simon & Schuster, Bolivar was victorious. The battle gained him much support and immediately preceded his march into Venezuela, later dubbed the ''Admirable Campaign''. The battle The battle began at 9:00 a.m. on 28 February 1813, and finished in the early afternoon involving four hundred men under the command of Simón Bolívar and eight hundred under Spanish General Ramón Correa fought. There were two fatalities and fourteen injuries among Bolívar's troops, and twenty fatalities and forty injured among Correa's troops. Events Simón Bolívar launched an offensive against the Spanish forces along the eastern banks of the Ta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
José Félix Ribas
José Félix Ribas (; Caracas, 19 September 1775 – Tucupido, 31 January 1815) was a Venezuelan independence leader and hero of the Venezuelan War of Independence. Early life Ribas was the last of eleven sons, born to a prominent Caracas family. In his early years, he received a quality education and attended the city's seminary. After finishing his studies, he began working in the agrarian sector. At the age of 21 he married María Josefa Palacios, the aunt of Simón Bolívar. He soon became interested in Republican ideals and sympathetic to the revolutionary independence movement. Ribas became involved in the Conspiracy of 1808, but was taken prisoner after its failure. In his defense, he stated that on the day of the action, he was just heading to a public square to spend time. Actually, Ribas was frequenting the square to meet with other republicans to plan an uprising. He was later freed by the authorities. When the Revolution of 19 April 1810 was taking place, it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atanasio Girardot
Manuel Atanasio Girardot Díaz (2 May 1791 – 30 September 1813) was a Colombian revolutionary leader. Son of Louis Girardot, wealthy merchant and French miner, Girardot fought with Simón Bolívar in the '' Campaña Admirable'' and other battles. He died during the Battle of Bárbula, trying to plant the republican flag on Bárbula Hill. Legacy Various places have been named in tribute to him: * Girardot, Cundinamarca, Colombia * Girardot Municipality, Aragua, Venezuela * Atanasio Girardot Sports Complex Atanasio Girardot Sports Complex (officially ''Unidad Deportiva Atanasio Girardot'') is a sports complex located in Medellín, Colombia. The complex includes Estadio Atanasio Girardot, Medellín Sports Coliseum, Luis Alberto Villegas Stadium, an ... in Medellin Colombian revolutionaries People of the Venezuelan War of Independence 1791 births 1813 deaths Colombian military personnel killed in action {{Colombia-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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