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Calore River
The Calore Irpino or Calore Beneventano or Calore river is a river in southwestern Italy. It rises from ''Colle Finestra'' ( above sea level), a mountain saddle between Monte Acellica and the Terminio sub-group in the Monti Picentini, sub-range of the Apennine Mountains. The river flows first in the province of Avellino, and then in that of Benevento, before flowing into the Volturno. In ancient times it was known as Calor. Overview On 8 May 663, a large detachment of the army of the Eastern Emperor Constans II, which had invaded the Lombard Duchy of Benevento, was defeated here in battle by the army of King Grimoald, under the joined command of Mitola, Count of Capua, and Grimoald's son, Romuald. Having already abandoned the siege of Benevento and every small conquest done in Italy, Constans, falling back to Naples, lost any hope to push back the Lombards and re-establish Byzantine sovereignty Sovereignty is the defining authority within individual consciousness, s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benevento
Benevento (, , ; la, Beneventum) is a city and ''comune'' of Campania, Italy, capital of the province of Benevento, northeast of Naples. It is situated on a hill above sea level at the confluence of the Calore Irpino (or Beneventano) and the Sabato. In 2020, Benevento has 58,418 inhabitants. It is also the seat of a Catholic archbishop. Benevento occupies the site of the ancient Beneventum, originally Maleventum or even earlier Maloenton. The meaning of the name of the town is evidenced by its former Latin name, translating as good or fair wind. In the imperial period it was supposed to have been founded by Diomedes after the Trojan War. Due to its artistic and cultural significance, the Santa Sofia Church in Benevento was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2011, as part of a group of seven historic buildings inscribed as Longobards in Italy, Places of Power (568–774 A.D.). A patron saint of Benevento is Saint Bartholomew, the Apostle, whose relics are kept ther ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constans II (Byzantine Empire)
Constans II ( grc-gre, Κώνστας, Kōnstas; 7 November 630 – 15 July 668), nicknamed "the Bearded" ( la, Pogonatus; grc-gre, ὁ Πωγωνᾶτος, ho Pōgōnãtos), was the Eastern Roman emperor from 641 to 668. Constans was the last attested emperor to serve as consul, in 642, although the office continued to exist until the reign of Leo VI the Wise (r. 886–912). His religious policy saw him steering a middle line in disputes between the Orthodoxy and Monothelitism by refusing to persecute either and prohibited discussion of the natures of Jesus Christ under the Type of Constans in 648. His reign coincided with Muslim invasions under Mu'awiya I in the late 640s to 650s. Constans was the first Roman emperor to visit Rome since the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476, and the last emperor to visit Rome while it was still held by the Empire. Origins and early career Constans was born on 7 November 630 in Constantinople, the East-Roman capital. His father Constan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rivers Of Italy
This is a list of rivers which are at least partially located in Italy. They are organized according to the body of water they drain into, with the exceptions of Sicily and Sardinia, which are listed separately. At the bottom, all of the rivers are also listed alphabetically. Italian rivers are generally shorter than those of other European regions because Italy is partly a Italian Peninsula, peninsula along which the Apennines, Apennine chain rises, dividing the waters into two opposite sides. The longest Italian river is the Po (river), Po, which flows for along the Po Valley. Rivers in Italy total about 1,200, and give rise, compared to other List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Europe, European countries, to a large number of marine mouths. This is due to the relative abundance of rain events in Italy, and to the presence of the Alps, Alpine chain rich in snowfields and glaciers in the northern part of the country, in the presence of the Apennines in the cent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sovereignty
Sovereignty is the defining authority within individual consciousness, social construct, or territory. Sovereignty entails hierarchy within the state, as well as external autonomy for states. In any state, sovereignty is assigned to the person, body, or institution that has the ultimate authority over other people in order to establish a law or change an existing law. In political theory, sovereignty is a substantive term designating supreme legitimate authority over some polity. In international law, sovereignty is the exercise of power by a state. ''De jure'' sovereignty refers to the legal right to do so; ''de facto'' sovereignty refers to the factual ability to do so. This can become an issue of special concern upon the failure of the usual expectation that ''de jure'' and ''de facto'' sovereignty exist at the place and time of concern, and reside within the same organization. Etymology The term arises from the unattested Vulgar Latin's ''*superanus'', (itself derived ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naples
Naples (; it, Napoli ; nap, Napule ), from grc, Νεάπολις, Neápolis, lit=new city. is the regional capital of Campania and the third-largest city of Italy, after Rome and Milan, with a population of 909,048 within the city's administrative limits as of 2022. Its province-level municipality is the third-most populous metropolitan city in Italy with a population of 3,115,320 residents, and its metropolitan area stretches beyond the boundaries of the city wall for approximately 20 miles. Founded by Greeks in the first millennium BC, Naples is one of the oldest continuously inhabited urban areas in the world. In the eighth century BC, a colony known as Parthenope ( grc, Παρθενόπη) was established on the Pizzofalcone hill. In the sixth century BC, it was refounded as Neápolis. The city was an important part of Magna Graecia, played a major role in the merging of Greek and Roman society, and was a significant cultural centre under the Romans. Naples served a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romuald I Of Benevento
Romuald I (also spelled ''Romoald'' and in Italian ''Romualdo''), duke of Benevento (662–687) was the son of Grimoald, king of the Lombards. When his father usurped the throne in 662, he left Benevento under RomualdChris Wickham, ''Early Medieval Italy: Central Power and Local Society, 400–1000'' (London: Macmillan, 1981), 38. and sent the deposed king Perctarit's wife, Rodelinde, and son, Cunincpert, into exile at the Romuald's court in Benevento. Romuald betrothed his sister Gisa to Roman Emperor Constans II. The Byzantines were then besieging Benevento and Romuald's valiant defence of the city was failing, when Grimoald showed up and routed the Roman menace. Romuald then took Taranto and Brindisi, much limiting the Imperial influence in the region. He received military aid from the possibly Bulgar or Avar Alzeco horde, which had recently entered Italy due to power struggles in Pannonia. In return, he gave them grazing rights and Alzeco the title of gastald in 667. R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grimoald I Of Benevento
Grimoald or Grimwald (c. 610 – 671) was a 7th-century King of Italy, ruling as Duke of Benevento from 647 to 662, and then as King of the Lombards of Sicily, Lombards from 662 until his death in 671.Chris Wickham, ''Early Medieval Italy: Central Power and Local Society, 400–1000'' (London: Macmillan, 1981), 224–25. Life Grimoald was born in 610 A.D. as the heir of Duke Gisulf II of Friuli and the Bavarii, Bavarian Princess Romilda of Friuli, Ramhilde, daughter of Duke Garibald I of Bavaria. From 641 to 642, he and his brother Radoald of Benevento, Radoald served as regents to Duke Aiulf I of Benevento, Aiulf I, their adoptive brother. In 647, Grimoald succeeded Radoald of Benevento, Radoald as Duke of Benevento.Andrea Bedina, "Grimoaldo, re dei Longobardi", ''Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani'', 59 (Rome: Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana, 2003). In 662, he assassinated King Godepert and proclaimed himself List of kings of the Lombards, King of the Lombards. He marri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duchy Of Benevento
The Duchy of Benevento (after 774, Principality of Benevento) was the southernmost Lombard duchy in the Italian Peninsula that was centred on Benevento, a city in Southern Italy. Lombard dukes ruled Benevento from 571 to 1077, when it was conquered by the Normans for four years before it was given to the Pope. Being cut off from the rest of the Lombard possessions by the papal Duchy of Rome, Benevento was practically independent from the start. Only during the reigns of Grimoald (c. 610–671) and the kings from Liutprand (r. 712–744) on was the duchy closely tied to the Kingdom of the Lombards. After the fall of the kingdom in 774, the duchy became the sole Lombard territory which continued to exist as a rump state, maintaining its ''de facto'' independence for nearly 300 years, although it was divided after 849. Paul the Deacon refers to Benevento as the "Samnite Duchy" (''Ducatum Samnitium'') after the region of Samnium. Foundation The circumstances surrounding the crea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Province Of Avellino
The Province of Avellino ( it, Provincia di Avellino) is a province in the Campania region of Southern Italy. The area is characterized by numerous small towns and villages scattered across the province; only two towns have a population over 20,000: its capital city Avellino (in the west) and Ariano Irpino (in the north). Geography It has an area of and a total population of 401,028 per 30.9.2021. There are 118 ''comuni'' in the province, with the main towns being Avellino and Ariano Irpino. See Comuni of the Province of Avellino. It is an inner province, with no connection to the sea. History The ancient inhabitants of the area were the Hirpini, whose name stems from the Oscan term ''hirpus'' ("wolf"), an animal that is still present in the territory, though in greatly reduced numbers. In the province of Avellino there are many archaeological Roman sites, with Aeclanum being the most important. In the Middle Age, the was the first political body established in 1022 by the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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