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Caenagnathid
Caenagnathidae is a family of bird-like maniraptoran theropod dinosaurs from the Cretaceous of North America and Asia. They are a member of the Oviraptorosauria, and close relatives of the Oviraptoridae. Like other oviraptorosaurs, caenagnathids had specialized beaks, long necks, and short tails, and would have been covered in feathers. The relationships of caenagnathids were long a puzzle. The family was originally named by Raymond Martin Sternberg in 1940 as a family of flightless birds. The discovery of skeletons of the related oviraptorids revealed that they were in fact non-avian theropods, and the discovery of more complete caenagnathid remains revealed that ''Chirostenotes pergracilis'', originally named on the basis of a pair of hands, and ''Citipes elegans'', originally thought to be an ornithomimid, named from a foot, were caenagnathids as well. Anatomy Overall, the anatomy of the caenagnathids is similar to that of the closely related Oviraptoridae, but there are a n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beibeilong
''Beibeilong'' (meaning "baby dragon") is a genus of large caenagnathid dinosaurs that lived in Asia during the Late Cretaceous epoch, about 96 million and 88 million years ago. The genus contains a single species, ''Beibeilong sinensis'', named and described in 2017 based on an embryonic skeleton (nicknamed Baby Louie) and partial nest with large eggs that were discovered from the Gaogou Formation of China between 1992 and 1993. ''Beibeilong'' was a notably large caenagnathid and among the largest oviraptorosaurs, estimated at long with a ponderous weight of about , based on comparisons with the closely related ''Gigantoraptor''. The jaws were toothless and developed a horny beak (also known as rhamphotheca), as in most other oviraptorosaurs. Most of the anatomical traits of ''Beibeilong'' are consistent with caenagnathids rather than oviraptorids, which are two of the major oviraptorosaur families. It is classified within this group, Caenagnathidae, where it occupies a bas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chirostenotes
''Chirostenotes'' ( ; named from Greek 'narrow-handed') is a genus of oviraptorosaurian dinosaur from the late Cretaceous (about 76.5 million years ago) of Alberta, Canada. The type species is ''Chirostenotes pergracilis''. History of discovery ''Chirostenotes'' has a confusing history of discovery and naming. The first fossils of ''Chirostenotes'', a pair of hands, were in 1914 found by George Fryer Sternberg near Little Sandhill Creek in the Campanian Dinosaur Park Formation of Canada, which has yielded the most dinosaurs of any Canadian formation. The specimens were studied by Lawrence Morris Lambe who, however, died before being able to formally name them. In 1924, Charles Whitney Gilmore adopted the name he found in Lambe's notes and described and named the type species ''Chirostenotes pergracilis''. The generic name is derived from Greek ''cheir'', "hand", and ''stenotes'', "narrowness". The specific name means "throughout", ''per~'', "gracile", ''gracilis'', in Latin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hagryphus
''Hagryphus'' (meaning " Ha's griffin") is a monospecific genus of caenagnathid dinosaur from southern Utah that lived during the Late Cretaceous (upper Campanian stage, 75.95 Ma) in what is now the Kaiparowits Formation of the Grand Staircase–Escalante National Monument. The type and only species, ''Hagryphus giganteus'', is known only from an incomplete but articulated left manus and the distal portion of the left radius. It was named in 2005 by Lindsay E. Zanno and Scott D. Sampson. ''Hagryphus'' has an estimated length of 2.4–3 metres (8–10 feet) and weight of 50 kilograms (110 lbs). Discovery and naming To date, only a single species of ''Hagryphus'' has been named in 2005 by Lindsay Zanno and Scott Sampson, the type species ''Hagryphus giganteus''. The generic name is derived from Egyptian ''Ha'', the name of the god of the western desert and a Latinised Greek γρύψ (''gryps'') meaning 'griffin' (a mythological bird-like creature). The specific name means "giga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leptorhynchos (dinosaur)
''Leptorhynchos'' (meaning "slender beak") is an extinct genus of caenagnathid dinosaurs known from the Late Cretaceous (Campanian-Maastrichtian aged) Aguja Formation of west Texas United States. It lived about 80.5–72 million years ago. It is distinguished from its relatives ''Chirostenotes'' and ''Anzu'' by its smaller size, and by a more strongly upturned mandible, similar to that of oviraptorids. The specializations of the beak in ''Leptorhynchos'' and other caenagnathids suggest that they were herbivores. The species ''L. elegans'' has since been transferred to the genus ''Citipes'', leaving only the type species ''L. gaddisi'' in the genus. ''Leptorhynchos'' has been placed in the Elmisaurinae. See also * Timeline of oviraptorosaur research This timeline of oviraptorosaur research is a chronological listing of events in the history of paleontology focused on the oviraptorosaurs, a group of beaked, bird-like theropod dinosaurs. The early history of oviraptorosau ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caenagnathasia
''Caenagnathasia'' ('recent jaw from Asia') is a small caenagnathid oviraptorosaurian theropod from the Late Cretaceous of Uzbekistan. Discovery The type species ''Caenagnathasia martinsoni'' was named and described in 1994 by Philip J. Currie, Stephen Godfrey and Lev Nesov. The generic name is a combination of a reference to the species' placement in the Caenagnathidae, with Asia, the continent of its provenance. The specific name honours Gerbert Genrikhovich Martinson. The genus is based on holotype N 401/12457, a pair of fused dentaries of the lower jaws. The specimen was found near Dzharakuduk in layers of the Bissekty Formation, dating to the Turonian- Coniacian, around 90 mya, making it the oldest known caenagnathoid. A second specimen was referred to the species, N 402/12457, a right dentary of a slightly smaller individual. Both individuals were adult. In 2015, new material of ''Caenagnathasia'' was described. From the same site as the holotype, the mate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Citipes
''Citipes'' (meaning "fleet-footed") is an extinct genus of caenagnathid dinosaurs known from the Late Cretaceous (Campanian aged) Dinosaur Park of southern Alberta, Canada. It lived about 76.9–75.8 million years ago. The specializations of the beak in ''Citipes'' and other caenagnathids suggest that they were herbivores. The type species, ''C. elegans'' had been previously placed within the genera ''Chirostenotes'', ''Elmisaurus'', '' Leptorhynchos'' and ''Ornithomimus''. History The holotype material, found in 1926 at the Little Sandhill Creek, was originally thought to belong to an ornithomimid; William Arthur Parks William Arthur Parks (11 December 1868 – 3 October 1936) was a Canadian geologist and paleontologist, following in the tradition of Lawrence Lambe. Parks was born in Hamilton, Ontario. After graduating with a Bachelor of Arts in 1892, Parks ... in 1933 assigned it to a new species of ''Ornithomimus'': ''O. elegans''.Parks, W.A., (1933), "New species ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apatoraptor
''Apatoraptor'' ("Apatè robber") is a genus of caenagnathid dinosaur which contains a single species, ''A. pennatus''. The only known specimen was discovered in the Campanian-age Horseshoe Canyon Formation of Alberta. Discovery In 1993, at Drumheller in Alberta, three kilometres west of the ''Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology'', a skeleton was found of a theropod. As it was initially identified as some unimportant ornithomimid specimen, preparation only started in 2002 and was almost immediately discontinued when no skull was thought to be present, the fossil again being covered in plaster. In 2008, research was resumed, and only then was it discovered that the fossil represented a species new to science. In 2016, the type species ''Apatoraptor pennatus'' was named and described by Gregory F. Funston and Philip John Currie. The generic name is derived from the Greek goddess of deceit, Apatè, and Latin ''raptor'', "robber", in reference to the specimen hiding its true id ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elmisaurus
''Elmisaurus'' (meaning "foot sole lizard") is an extinct genus of caenagnathid dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous Nemegt Formation of Mongolia. It was a theropod belonging to the Oviraptorosauria. Discovery In 1970, a paleontological Polish-Mongolian expedition discovered two fragmentary specimens of a small theropod in the Ömnögovĭ province of Mongolia. The type species, ''Elmisaurus rarus'', was named and described by Halszka Osmólska in 1981. The generic name is derived from Mongol ' or ', "foot sole", as the type specimen consisted of a metatarsus. The specific name means "rare" in Latin. The holotype, ZPAL MgD-I/172, consists of a left metatarsus fused with the tarsalia. There are two paratypes: ZPAL MgD-I/98, consisting of a right hand and foot, and ZPAL MgD-I/20, the upper part of the left metatarsus of a larger individual.Osmólska, H. (1981). Coossified tarsometatarsi in theropod dinosaurs and their bearing on the problem of bird origins. ''Palaeontologica Polon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gigantoraptor
''Gigantoraptor'' () is a genus of large oviraptorosaur dinosaur that lived in Asia during the Late Cretaceous period. It is known from the Iren Dabasu Formation of Inner Mongolia, where the first remains were found in 2005. ''Gigantoraptor'' was the largest oviraptorosaur, reaching in length and in body mass. It had an extensively pneumatized vertebral column and elongated arms and legs. Both femur and tibia measured over in length, an unusual trait among giant theropods. The lower jaws were toothless and ended in a keratinous beak, as seen in other oviraptorosaurs. Though several oviraptorosaur species are known to have developed a full coat of feathers, ''Gigantoraptor'', due to its size, could have lost some of this integument. The genus is classified as an oviraptorosaurian dinosaur, a group of generally small feathered animals. Though it was originally found to represent a basal oviraptorid, subsequent analyses have shown it to be a caenagnathid. It was a giant, ground ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oviraptoridae
Oviraptoridae is a group of bird-like, herbivorous and omnivorous maniraptoran dinosaurs. Oviraptorids are characterized by their toothless, parrot-like beaks and, in some cases, elaborate crests. They were generally small, measuring between one and two metres long in most cases, though some possible oviraptorids were enormous. Oviraptorids are currently known only from the Late Cretaceous of Asia, with the most well-known species and complete specimens found only in the Gobi Desert of Mongolia and northwestern China. Description The most characteristic feature of this group is the skull structure. Oviraptorids had short snouts and very deep mandibles. Some taxa (such as ''Citipati'', ''Corythoraptor'', ''Rinchenia'') had a midline crest on top of the skull, resembling that of a cassowary. Other distinguishing characteristics include a bony spike intruding on the mandibular fenestra, nostrils placed very high and far back on the snout, an extremely thin bony bar beneath the eye, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oviraptorid Clean
Oviraptoridae is a group of bird-like, herbivorous and omnivorous maniraptoran dinosaurs. Oviraptorids are characterized by their toothless, parrot-like beaks and, in some cases, elaborate crests. They were generally small, measuring between one and two metres long in most cases, though some possible oviraptorids were enormous. Oviraptorids are currently known only from the Late Cretaceous of Asia, with the most well-known species and complete specimens found only in the Gobi Desert of Mongolia and northwestern China. Description The most characteristic feature of this group is the skull structure. Oviraptorids had short snouts and very deep mandibles. Some taxa (such as ''Citipati'', ''Corythoraptor'', ''Rinchenia'') had a midline crest on top of the skull, resembling that of a cassowary. Other distinguishing characteristics include a bony spike intruding on the mandibular fenestra, nostrils placed very high and far back on the snout, an extremely thin bony bar beneath the eye, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caenagnathus
''Caenagnathus'' ('recent jaw') is a genus of caenagnathid oviraptorosaurian dinosaur from the late Cretaceous period (Campanian stage; ~75 million years ago). It is known from partial remains including lower jaws, a tail vertebra, hand bones, and hind limbs, all found in the Dinosaur Park Formation of Alberta, Canada. ''Caenagnathus'' measured about long and weighed about . Description ''Caenagnathus'' was a large oviraptorosaurian, with some specimens suggesting it achieved sizes comparable to its relative ''Anzu''. Like ''Anzu'', it had a toothless lower beak that was shallower in depth than those of elmisaurines. It also shared with ''Anzu'' less gracile proportions than those of elmisaurines. Like all oviraptorosaurs, it would most likely have possessed a coat of feathers. Classification This dinosaur has a confusing history. In 1936, a set of jaws (CMN 8776) were found, and later given the name ''Caenagnathus'', meaning 'recent jaw'; they were first thought to be tho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
