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CPSF
Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor (CPSF) is involved in the cleavage of the 3' signaling region from a newly synthesized pre-messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) molecule in the process of gene transcription. It is the first protein to bind to the signaling region near the cleavage site of the pre-mRNA, to which the poly(A) tail will be added by polynucleotide adenylyltransferase. The upstream signaling region has the canonical nucleotide sequence AAUAAA, which is highly conserved across the vast majority of pre-mRNAs. A second downstream signaling region, located on the portion of the pre-mRNA that is cleaved before polyadenylation, consists of a GU-rich region required for efficient processing. Structure CPSF is a protein complex, consisting of four proteins: CPSF-73, CPSF-100, CPSF-30 and CPSF-160. CPSF-73 is a zinc-dependent hydrolase which cleaves the mRNA precursor just downstream the polyadenylation signal sequence AAUAAA. CPSF-160 is the largest subunit of CPSF and d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CPSF-160
Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CPSF1'' gene In biology, the word gene (from , ; "... Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a b .... In most cases eukaryotic pre-messenger(m)RNA 3 prime ends are processed in two coordinated steps. First there is a site-specific cleavage by an endonuclease and then the addition of a poly(A) tail at the 3 prime end of the 5 prime cleavage product. Cleavage requires four multisubunit complexes, namely cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor (CPSF), cleavage stimulation factor (CstF), cleavage factors Im and IIm (CFIm and CFIIm), along with a single subunit poly(A)polymerase (PAP). CPSF1 is the largest component of the CPSF complex composed of CPSF1, CPSF2, CPSF3, CPSF4, FIP1L1, Symplekin and WDR33 and lo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CPSF1
Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CPSF1'' gene In biology, the word gene (from , ; "...Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a ba .... In most cases eukaryotic pre-messenger(m)RNA 3 prime ends are processed in two coordinated steps. First there is a site-specific cleavage by an endonuclease and then the addition of a poly(A) tail at the 3 prime end of the 5 prime cleavage product. Cleavage requires four multisubunit complexes, namely cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor (CPSF), cleavage stimulation factor (CstF), cleavage factors Im and IIm (CFIm and CFIIm), along with a single subunit poly(A)polymerase (PAP). CPSF1 is the largest component of the CPSF complex composed of CPSF1, CPSF2, CPSF3, CPSF4, FIP1L1, Symplekin and WDR33 and lo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polyadenylation
Polyadenylation is the addition of a poly(A) tail to an RNA transcript, typically a messenger RNA (mRNA). The poly(A) tail consists of multiple adenosine monophosphates; in other words, it is a stretch of RNA that has only adenine bases. In eukaryotes, polyadenylation is part of the process that produces mature mRNA for translation. In many bacteria, the poly(A) tail promotes degradation of the mRNA. It, therefore, forms part of the larger process of gene expression. The process of polyadenylation begins as the transcription of a gene terminates. The 3′-most segment of the newly made pre-mRNA is first cleaved off by a set of proteins; these proteins then synthesize the poly(A) tail at the RNA's 3′ end. In some genes these proteins add a poly(A) tail at one of several possible sites. Therefore, polyadenylation can produce more than one transcript from a single gene (alternative polyadenylation), similar to alternative splicing. The poly(A) tail is important for the nuclea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CPSF3
Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CPSF3'' gene. Model organisms Model organisms have been used in the study of CPSF3 function. A conditional knockout mouse line called ''Cpsf3tm1b(EUCOMM)Wtsi'' was generated at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. Male and female animals underwent a standardized phenotypic screen In genetics, the phenotype () is the set of observable characteristics or traits of an organism. The term covers the organism's morphology or physical form and structure, its developmental processes, its biochemical and physiological proper ... to determine the effects of deletion. Additional screens performed: - In-depth immunological phenotyping References External links * Further reading * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * {{gene-2-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CPSF-73
Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CPSF3'' gene. Model organisms Model organisms have been used in the study of CPSF3 function. A conditional knockout mouse line called ''Cpsf3tm1b(EUCOMM)Wtsi'' was generated at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. Male and female animals underwent a standardized phenotypic screen In genetics, the phenotype () is the set of observable characteristics or traits of an organism. The term covers the organism's morphology or physical form and structure, its developmental processes, its biochemical and physiological proper ... to determine the effects of deletion. Additional screens performed: - In-depth immunological phenotyping References External links * Further reading * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * {{gene-2-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CPSF4
Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CPSF4'' gene. Inhibition of the nuclear export of poly(A)-containing mRNAs caused by the influenza A virus NS1 protein requires its effector domain. The NS1 effector domain functionally interacts with the cellular 30 kDa subunit of cleavage and polyadenylation specific factor 4, an essential component of the 3' end processing machinery of cellular pre-mRNAs. In influenza virus-infected cells, the NS1 protein is physically associated with cleavage and polyadenylation specific factor 4, 30kD subunit. Binding of the NS1 protein to the 30 kDa protein in vitro prevents CPSF binding to the RNA substrate and inhibits 3' end cleavage and polyadenylation of host pre-mRNAs. Thus the NS1 protein selectively inhibits the nuclear export of cellular, and not viral, mRNAs. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode different isoforms A protein isoform, or "protein va ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CPSF-100
Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CPSF2'' gene In biology, the word gene (from , ; "... Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a b .... References External links * Further reading * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * {{gene-14-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CPSF-30
Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CPSF4'' gene. Inhibition of the nuclear export of poly(A)-containing mRNAs caused by the influenza A virus NS1 protein requires its effector domain. The NS1 effector domain functionally interacts with the cellular 30 kDa subunit of cleavage and polyadenylation specific factor 4, an essential component of the 3' end processing machinery of cellular pre-mRNAs. In influenza virus-infected cells, the NS1 protein is physically associated with cleavage and polyadenylation specific factor 4, 30kD subunit. Binding of the NS1 protein to the 30 kDa protein in vitro prevents CPSF binding to the RNA substrate and inhibits 3' end cleavage and polyadenylation of host pre-mRNAs. Thus the NS1 protein selectively inhibits the nuclear export of cellular, and not viral, mRNAs. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode different isoforms A protein isoform, or "protein va ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CPSF2
Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CPSF2'' gene In biology, the word gene (from , ; "...Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a ba .... References External links * Further reading * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * {{gene-14-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cleavage Factor
__NOTOC__ Cleavage factors are two closely associated protein complexes involved in the cleavage of the 3' untranslated region of a newly synthesized pre-messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule in the process of gene transcription. The cleavage is the first step in adding a polyadenine tail to the pre-mRNA, which is one of the necessary post-transcriptional modifications necessary for producing a mature mRNA molecule. In mammals the two cleavage factors are known as CFIm and CFIIm. The proteins that constitute these complexes are recruited to the cleavage site by cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor and cleavage stimulatory factor, and form a larger complex that also includes polyadenine polymerase (PAP), which performs the polyadenylation reaction. The CFIm complex Involved in the earliest step for the formation of the active cleavage complex, the CFIm complex is formed by three proteins of 25, 59 and 68 kDa, respectively: *CFIm25 (or CPSF5/NUDT21) *CFIm59 (or CPSF7 Cleavage an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polynucleotide Adenylyltransferase
In enzymology, a polynucleotide adenylyltransferase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction :ATP + RNA-3'OH \rightleftharpoons pyrophosphate + RNApA-3'OH Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and RNA, whereas its two products are pyrophosphate and RNA with an extra adenosine nucleotide at its 3' end. Human genes with this activity include TUT1, MTPAP, PAPOLA, PAPOLB, PAPOLG, TENT2, TENT4A, TENT4B, TENT5C, TENT5D. Naming This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring phosphorus-containing nucleotide groups (nucleotidyltransferases). The systematic name of this enzyme class is ATP:polynucleotide adenylyltransferase. Other names in common use include: * NTP polymerase * RNA adenylating enzyme * AMP polynucleotidylexotransferase * ATP-polynucleotide adenylyltransferase * ATP:polynucleotidylexotransferase * Poly(A) polymerase * Poly(A) synthetase * Polyadenylate nucleotidyltransferase * Polyadenylate polymerase ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cleavage Stimulatory Factor
Cleavage stimulatory factor or cleavage stimulation factor (CstF or CStF) is a heterotrimeric protein, made up of the proteins CSTF1 (55kDa), CSTF2 (64kDa) and CSTF3 (77kDa), totalling about 200 kDa. It is involved in the cleavage of the 3' signaling region from a newly synthesized pre-messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule. CstF is recruited by cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor (CPSF) and assembles into a protein complex on the 3' end to promote the synthesis of a functional polyadenine tail, which results in a mature mRNA molecule ready to be exported from the cell nucleus to the cytosol for translation. The amount of CstF in a cell is dependent on the phase of the cell cycle, increasing significantly during the transition from G0 phase to S phase in mouse fibroblast and human splenic B cells. Genes * CSTF1, CSTF2 or CSTF2T, CSTF3 Cleavage stimulation factor 77 kDa subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CSTF3'' gene. The protein encoded by this gene is o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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