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Brachycnemina
Brachycnemina is a suborder of zoanthids in the order Zoantharia. Genetic analysis has been used to suggest Brachycnemina is a monophyletic group diverging within the paraphyletic Macrocnemina. Characteristics Brachycnemia species habitate most environments, ranging from shallow tropical reefs to cold seeps in the deep sea. It forms large colonies on intertidal and shallow reef crests. Due to the members of this suborder being loosely collected, there are no standard characteristics uniting them besides slight morphological, ecological and phylogenetic differences. Subdivisions This suborder counts with 3 taxonomic families, namely Neozoanthidae, which is monogeneric; Sphenopidae, which includes sand-encrusted and colonial specimens like the commonly found ''Palythoa'' and ''Sphenopus'', itself found in a few discrete areas; and Zoanthidae Zoanthidae is a family of cnidarians. Genera include: * '' Acrozoanthus'' Saville-Kent, 1893 * '' Isaurus'' Gray, 1828 * ''Zoanthus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brachycnemina
Brachycnemina is a suborder of zoanthids in the order Zoantharia. Genetic analysis has been used to suggest Brachycnemina is a monophyletic group diverging within the paraphyletic Macrocnemina. Characteristics Brachycnemia species habitate most environments, ranging from shallow tropical reefs to cold seeps in the deep sea. It forms large colonies on intertidal and shallow reef crests. Due to the members of this suborder being loosely collected, there are no standard characteristics uniting them besides slight morphological, ecological and phylogenetic differences. Subdivisions This suborder counts with 3 taxonomic families, namely Neozoanthidae, which is monogeneric; Sphenopidae, which includes sand-encrusted and colonial specimens like the commonly found ''Palythoa'' and ''Sphenopus'', itself found in a few discrete areas; and Zoanthidae Zoanthidae is a family of cnidarians. Genera include: * '' Acrozoanthus'' Saville-Kent, 1893 * '' Isaurus'' Gray, 1828 * ''Zoanthus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sphenopidae
Sphenopidae is a family of cnidarians. Genera include: * '' Palythoa'' Lamouroux, 1816 * ''Sphenopus ''Sphenopus'' (common name coastal grass), is a genus of Asian and Mediterranean plants in the grass family. ; Species * '' Sphenopus divaricatus'' (Gouan) Rchb. - Mediterranean and adjacent regions from Canary Islands and Portugal to Tajikistan ...'' Steenstrup, 1856 References Brachycnemina Cnidarian families {{hexacorallia-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zoanthidae
Zoanthidae is a family of cnidarians. Genera include: * '' Acrozoanthus'' Saville-Kent, 1893 * '' Isaurus'' Gray, 1828 * ''Zoanthus ''Zoanthus'' is a genus of anthozoans in the family Zoanthidae. It is the type genus for its family and order. Species The following species are recognized in the genus ''Zoanthus'':(2018). Zoanthus Lamarck, 1801. Accessed through: World Regis ...'' Cuvier, 1800 References Brachycnemina Cnidarian families {{hexacorallia-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zoantharia
Zoanthids ( order Zoantharia also called Zoanthidea or Zoanthiniaria) are an order of cnidarians commonly found in coral reefs, the deep sea and many other marine environments around the world. These animals come in a variety of different colonizing formations and in numerous different colors. They can be found as individual polyps, attached by a fleshy stolon or a mat that can be created from small pieces of sediment, sand and rock. The term "zoanthid" refers to all animals within this order Zoantharia, and should not be confused with "'' Zoanthus''", which is one genus within Zoantharia. These are among the most commonly collected corals in reef aquaria, easily propagating and very durable in many water conditions. Nomenclature controversy The name of the order is controversial. Non-specialists often use the term Zoanthidea whereas most taxonomists use Zoantharia. The term Zoantharia in turn is used temporarily instead of Hexacorallia. However, major taxonomic papers published ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neozoanthidae
''Neozoanthus'' is a genus of corals belonging to the monotypic family Neozoanthidae. The species of this genus are found in Southern Africa, Australia. Species: *'' Neozoanthus caleyi'' *'' Neozoanthus tulearensis'' *'' Neozoanthus uchina'' References Brachycnemina Hexacorallia genera {{hexacorallia-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Morphology (biology)
Morphology is a branch of biology dealing with the study of the form and structure of organisms and their specific structural features. This includes aspects of the outward appearance (shape, structure, colour, pattern, size), i.e. external morphology (or eidonomy), as well as the form and structure of the internal parts like bones and organs, i.e. internal morphology (or anatomy). This is in contrast to physiology, which deals primarily with function. Morphology is a branch of life science dealing with the study of gross structure of an organism or taxon and its component parts. History The etymology of the word "morphology" is from the Ancient Greek (), meaning "form", and (), meaning "word, study, research". While the concept of form in biology, opposed to function, dates back to Aristotle (see Aristotle's biology), the field of morphology was developed by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1790) and independently by the German anatomist and physiologist Karl Friedrich Burdach ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bioactive Compound
A bioactive compound is a compound that has an effect on a living organism, tissue or cell, usually demonstrated by basic research in vitro or in vivo in the laboratory. While dietary nutrients are essential to life, bioactive compounds have not been proved to be essential as the body can function without them or because their actions are obscured by nutrients fulfilling the function. Bioactive compounds lack sufficient evidence of effect or safety, and consequently they are usually unregulated and may be sold as dietary supplements. Origin and examples Bioactive compounds are commonly derived from plants, animal products, or can be synthetically produced. Examples of plant bioactive compounds are carotenoids, polyphenols, or phytosterols. Examples in animal products are fatty acids found in milk and fish. Other examples are flavonoids, caffeine, choline, coenzyme Q, creatine, dithiolthiones, polysaccharides, phytoestrogens, glucosinolates, and prebiotics. In the diet The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sphenopus
''Sphenopus'' (common name coastal grass), is a genus of Asian and Mediterranean plants in the grass family. ; Species * '' Sphenopus divaricatus'' (Gouan) Rchb. - Mediterranean and adjacent regions from Canary Islands and Portugal to Tajikistan * '' Sphenopus ehrenbergii'' Hausskn. - Libya, Tunisia ) , image_map = Tunisia location (orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = Location of Tunisia in northern Africa , image_map2 = , capital = Tunis , largest_city = capital , ... References Pooideae Poaceae genera {{Pooideae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palythoa
''Palythoa'' is a genus of anthozoans in the order Zoantharia.Reimer, J. (2018). Palythoa Lamouroux, 1816. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=205785 on 2018-08-27 Description The polyps of ''Palythoa'' are partially embedded in an encrusting mat of tissue (coenenchyme) covering the substrate on which the colony grows. The individual polyps have flattened oral discs surrounded by a fringe of tentacles. The tentacles' shape and size can vary considerably between species, and even between colonies of the same species. Their colors are also highly variable, with relatively dull shades like cream, coffee, white, brown, or yellow, being the most common. Fluorescent colored colonies also exist, but these are more rare. Palytoxin Palytoxin is a highly toxic fatty alcohol produced by many species of ''Palythoa'', and is also found in other corals and certain marine invertebrates. The substance was first isolated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monogeneric
In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa. In the case of genera, the term "unispecific" or "monospecific" is sometimes preferred. In botanical nomenclature, a monotypic genus is a genus in the special case where a genus and a single species are simultaneously described. In contrast, an oligotypic taxon contains more than one but only a very few subordinate taxa. Examples Just as the term ''monotypic'' is used to describe a taxon including only one subdivision, the contained taxon can also be referred to as monotypic within the higher-level taxon, e.g. a genus monotypic within a family. Some examples of monotypic groups are: Plants * In the order Amborellales, there is only one family, Amborellaceae and there is only one genus, ''Amborella'', and in this genus there is only one species, namely ''Amborella trichopoda.'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phylogenetic
In biology, phylogenetics (; from Greek φυλή/ φῦλον [] "tribe, clan, race", and wikt:γενετικός, γενετικός [] "origin, source, birth") is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships among or within groups of organisms. These relationships are determined by Computational phylogenetics, phylogenetic inference methods that focus on observed heritable traits, such as DNA sequences, protein amino acid sequences, or morphology. The result of such an analysis is a phylogenetic tree—a diagram containing a hypothesis of relationships that reflects the evolutionary history of a group of organisms. The tips of a phylogenetic tree can be living taxa or fossils, and represent the "end" or the present time in an evolutionary lineage. A phylogenetic diagram can be rooted or unrooted. A rooted tree diagram indicates the hypothetical common ancestor of the tree. An unrooted tree diagram (a network) makes no assumption about the ancestral line, and does ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ecology
Ecology () is the study of the relationships between living organisms, including humans, and their physical environment. Ecology considers organisms at the individual, population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere level. Ecology overlaps with the closely related sciences of biogeography, evolutionary biology, genetics, ethology, and natural history. Ecology is a branch of biology, and it is not synonymous with environmentalism. Among other things, ecology is the study of: * The abundance, biomass, and distribution of organisms in the context of the environment * Life processes, antifragility, interactions, and adaptations * The movement of materials and energy through living communities * The successional development of ecosystems * Cooperation, competition, and predation within and between species * Patterns of biodiversity and its effect on ecosystem processes Ecology has practical applications in conservation biology, wetland management, natural resource managemen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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