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Aubria
''Aubria'' is a small genus of frogs, with two (possibly three) known species. All members of this genus are found in West Africa. Their common name is ball frogs or fishing frogs. Etymology The genus name ''Aubria'' is in honour of Charles Eugène Aubry-Lecomte, a French colonial administrator and amateur naturalist. Species The recognized species are: * ''Aubria masako'' (Ohler & Kazadi, 1990) - Masako fishing frog * ''Aubria subsigillata ''Aubria subsigillata'', commonly known as the brown ball frog or the West African brown frog, is a species of frog belonging to the family Pyxicephalidae. It has a discontinuous distribution from southern Guinea through Liberia and Ivory Coast, ...'' (Duméril, 1856) - brown ball frog The status of ''A. occidentalis'' is disputed; following the Amphibian Species of the World it is here treated as a synonym of ''A. subsigillata''. References Pyxicephalidae Amphibians of Sub-Saharan Africa Amphibian genera Taxa named by Geor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aubria Subsigillata
''Aubria subsigillata'', commonly known as the brown ball frog or the West African brown frog, is a species of frog belonging to the family Pyxicephalidae. It has a discontinuous distribution from southern Guinea through Liberia and Ivory Coast, and from Nigeria to southern Cameroon, and Equatorial Guinea to Gabon (with, at least apparently, a gap in Togo and Benin). However, the species delimitation differs between sources (see below), and the International Union for Conservation of Nature has adopted a narrower view where this species only occurs in Cameroon and southward. Taxonomy The species currently known as ''A. subsigillata'' might represent more than one species. While the ''Amphibian Species of the World'' considers ''A. occidentalis'' as a synonym of ''A. subsigillata'', other sources recognize it as a valid species. Furthermore, what some sources treat as ''Aubria occidentalis'' is actually another species, '' Aubria masako''. Etymology The specific name ''subsigill ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aubria
''Aubria'' is a small genus of frogs, with two (possibly three) known species. All members of this genus are found in West Africa. Their common name is ball frogs or fishing frogs. Etymology The genus name ''Aubria'' is in honour of Charles Eugène Aubry-Lecomte, a French colonial administrator and amateur naturalist. Species The recognized species are: * ''Aubria masako'' (Ohler & Kazadi, 1990) - Masako fishing frog * ''Aubria subsigillata ''Aubria subsigillata'', commonly known as the brown ball frog or the West African brown frog, is a species of frog belonging to the family Pyxicephalidae. It has a discontinuous distribution from southern Guinea through Liberia and Ivory Coast, ...'' (Duméril, 1856) - brown ball frog The status of ''A. occidentalis'' is disputed; following the Amphibian Species of the World it is here treated as a synonym of ''A. subsigillata''. References Pyxicephalidae Amphibians of Sub-Saharan Africa Amphibian genera Taxa named by Geor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aubria Masako
''Aubria masako'' is a species of frog in the family Pyxicephalidae. It is found in southeastern Cameroon, eastern Gabon, southwestern Central African Republic, northern Republic of the Congo, and eastward to the central Democratic Republic of the Congo, with one (doubtful) record from Angola; it might occur in Equatorial Guinea. Common names Masako ball frog and Masako fishing frog have been coined for this species. Whether it is distinct from ''Aubria subsigillata'' has been debated, but at present it is treated as a valid species. Description Adult males typically measure in snout–vent length; females are larger. Their maximum length is about . The tympanum is large and distinct, and the supratympanic fold is present. The finger and toe tips are rounded, but not enlarged. The fingers have only some dermal fringes, whereas the toes are moderately webbed. The dorsum is brown and has dark speckles. A white or off-white vertebral line may be present. The underside is speckled w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pyxicephalidae
The Pyxicephalidae are a family of frogs currently found in sub-Saharan Africa. However, in the Eocene, the taxon '' Thaumastosaurus'' lived in Europe. Classification The Pyxicephalidae contain two subfamilies, with a total of 12 genera. This family was formerly considered part of the family Ranidae. Family Pyxicephalidae * Subfamily Cacosterninae'' ** Genus '' Amietia'' (16 species) ** Genus '' Anhydrophryne'' (3 species) ** Genus '' Arthroleptella'' (10 species) – moss frogs ** Genus '' Cacosternum'' (16 species) ** Genus '' Microbatrachella'' (monotypic) – micro frog ** Genus '' Natalobatrachus'' (monotypic) ** Genus '' Nothophryne'' (5 species) – mongrel frogs ** Genus '' Poyntonia'' (monotypic) ** Genus '' Strongylopus'' (10 species) ** Genus ''Tomopterna'' (16 species) *Subfamily Pyxicephalinae'' ** Genus '' Aubria'' (2 species) – Masako fishing frog, brown ball frog ** Genus '' Pyxicephalus'' (4 species) – African bull frogs, pixie frog ** Genus '' Thaumastos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Albert Boulenger
George Albert Boulenger (19 October 1858 – 23 November 1937) was a Belgian-British zoologist who described and gave scientific names to over 2,000 new animal species, chiefly fish, reptiles, and amphibians. Boulenger was also an active botanist during the last 30 years of his life, especially in the study of roses. Life Boulenger was born in Brussels, Belgium, the only son of Gustave Boulenger, a Belgian public notary, and Juliette Piérart, from Valenciennes. He graduated in 1876 from the Free University of Brussels with a degree in natural sciences, and worked for a while at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, as an assistant naturalist studying amphibians, reptiles, and fishes. He also made frequent visits during this time to the ''Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle'' in Paris and the British Museum in London. In 1880, he was invited to work at the Natural History Museum, then a department of the British Museum, by Dr. Albert C. L. G. Günt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. '' Panthera leo'' (lion) and '' Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus '' Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants of an ancestral taxon are grouped together (i.e. phylogenetic analysis should cl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frog
A frog is any member of a diverse and largely carnivorous group of short-bodied, tailless amphibians composing the order Anura (ανοὐρά, literally ''without tail'' in Ancient Greek). The oldest fossil "proto-frog" ''Triadobatrachus'' is known from the Early Triassic of Madagascar, but molecular clock dating suggests their split from other amphibians may extend further back to the Permian, 265 million years ago. Frogs are widely distributed, ranging from the tropics to subarctic regions, but the greatest concentration of species diversity is in tropical rainforest. Frogs account for around 88% of extant amphibian species. They are also one of the five most diverse vertebrate orders. Warty frog species tend to be called toads, but the distinction between frogs and toads is informal, not from taxonomy or evolutionary history. An adult frog has a stout body, protruding eyes, anteriorly-attached tongue, limbs folded underneath, and no tail (the tail of tailed frogs is an ext ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Species
In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. Other ways of defining species include their karyotype, DNA sequence, morphology, behaviour or ecological niche. In addition, paleontologists use the concept of the chronospecies since fossil reproduction cannot be examined. The most recent rigorous estimate for the total number of species of eukaryotes is between 8 and 8.7 million. However, only about 14% of these had been described by 2011. All species (except viruses) are given a two-part name, a "binomial". The first part of a binomial is the genus to which the species belongs. The second part is called the specific name or the specific epithet (in botanical nomenclature, also sometimes i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
West Africa
West Africa or Western Africa is the westernmost region of Africa. The United Nations defines Western Africa as the 16 countries of Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, and Togo, as well as Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha ( United Kingdom Overseas Territory).Paul R. Masson, Catherine Anne Pattillo, "Monetary union in West Africa (ECOWAS): is it desirable and how could it be achieved?" (Introduction). International Monetary Fund, 2001. The population of West Africa is estimated at about million people as of , and at 381,981,000 as of 2017, of which 189,672,000 are female and 192,309,000 male. The region is demographically and economically one of the fastest growing on the African continent. Early history in West Africa included a number of prominent regional powers that dominated different parts of both the coastal and internal trade netwo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amphibian Species Of The World
''Amphibian Species of the World 6.1: An Online Reference'' (ASW) is a herpetology database. It lists the names of frogs, salamanders and other amphibians, which scientists first described each species and what year, and the animal's known range. The American Museum of Natural History hosts ''Amphibian Species of the World''. As of 2019, it contained more than 8000 species. History The Association of Systematics Collections (ASC) started this project in 1978 because the Convention on Trade in Endangered Species of Fauna and Flora (CITES) needed a database for animals. (The ASC later changed its name to Natural Science Collections Alliance.) The ASC's Stephen R. Edwards wrote ''Mammal Species of the World'' first and started ''Amphibian Species of the World'' second. Edwards decided to write about living amphibians because Richard G. Zweifel had just composed a large list of amphibian names and because experts from the University of Kansas were available to assist him. Darrel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Synonym (taxonomy)
The Botanical and Zoological Codes of nomenclature treat the concept of synonymy differently. * In botanical nomenclature, a synonym is a scientific name that applies to a taxon that (now) goes by a different scientific name. For example, Linnaeus was the first to give a scientific name (under the currently used system of scientific nomenclature) to the Norway spruce, which he called ''Pinus abies''. This name is no longer in use, so it is now a synonym of the current scientific name, '' Picea abies''. * In zoology, moving a species from one genus to another results in a different binomen, but the name is considered an alternative combination rather than a synonym. The concept of synonymy in zoology is reserved for two names at the same rank that refers to a taxon at that rank - for example, the name ''Papilio prorsa'' Linnaeus, 1758 is a junior synonym of ''Papilio levana'' Linnaeus, 1758, being names for different seasonal forms of the species now referred to as ''Araschnia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amphibians Of Sub-Saharan Africa
Amphibians are four-limbed and ectothermic vertebrates of the class Amphibia. All living amphibians belong to the group Lissamphibia. They inhabit a wide variety of habitats, with most species living within terrestrial, fossorial, arboreal or freshwater aquatic ecosystems. Thus amphibians typically start out as larvae living in water, but some species have developed behavioural adaptations to bypass this. The young generally undergo metamorphosis from larva with gills to an adult air-breathing form with lungs. Amphibians use their skin as a secondary respiratory surface and some small terrestrial salamanders and frogs lack lungs and rely entirely on their skin. They are superficially similar to reptiles like lizards but, along with mammals and birds, reptiles are amniotes and do not require water bodies in which to breed. With their complex reproductive needs and permeable skins, amphibians are often ecological indicators; in recent decades there has been a dramatic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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