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1842 In Australia
The following lists events that happened during 1842 in Australia. Incumbents *Monarch - Victoria Governors Governors of the Australian colonies: *Governor of New South Wales - Sir George Gipps *Governor of South Australia - Sir George Grey *Governor of Tasmania - Captain Sir John Franklin * Governor of Western Australia as a Crown Colony - John Hutt. Events * January – Hundreds of Indigenous Australians are murdered at Bruthen Creek as part of a series of mass murders of Gunai Kurnai people known as the Gippsland massacres. * 21 June – Norfolk Island convict rebellion * 20 July – An Act (6 Vic. No 3) passed "to declare the town of Sydney to be a city and to incorporate the inhabitants thereof". * 12 August – Melbourne incorporated as a "town". * 21 August – Hobart Town is proclaimed a city. * Undated – 5 European men are killed in the Pelican Creek tragedy by Aboriginals of the Bundjalung Nation at dawn as they slept. * Undated – 100 Bundjalung Nation Ab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1842
Events January–March * January ** Michael Alexander takes office, as the first appointee to the Anglican-German Bishopric in Jerusalem. ** American medical student William E. Clarke of Berkshire Medical College becomes the first person to administer an inhaled anesthetic, to facilitate a surgical procedure (dental extraction). * January 6– 13 – First Anglo-Afghan War – Massacre of Elphinstone's army (Battle of Gandamak): British East India Company troops are destroyed by Afghan forces on the road from Kabul to Jalalabad, Afghanistan, by Akbar Khan, son of Dost Mohammad Khan. * January 8 – Delft University of Technology is established by William II of the Netherlands, as a 'Royal Academy for the education of civilian engineers'. * January 23 – Antarctic explorer James Clark Ross, charting the eastern side of James Ross Island, reaches a Farthest South of 78°09'30"S. * February 1 – Willamette University is established in Salem, Oregon. * February 7 – B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gippsland Massacres
The Gippsland massacres were a series of mass murders of Gunai Kurnai people, an Aboriginal Australian people living in East Gippsland, Victoria, committed by European settlers and the Aboriginal Police during the Australian frontier wars. History The perpetrators often did not record or speak about their actions for fear of prosecution and the death penalty under colonial law, as happened after the Myall Creek massacre. The names of many of the perpetrators remain on the rivers, roads and islands of Gippsland. Scots pastoralist Angus McMillan played a significant role in the massacres of Gippsland in retribution for the murder of a fellow pastoralist by the Gurnai Kurnai people. Gippsland squatter Henry Meyrick wrote in a letter home to his relatives in England in 1846: ::The blacks are very quiet here now, poor wretches. No wild beast of the forest was ever hunted down with such unsparing perseverance as they are. Men, women and children are shot whenever they can be met ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
26 April
Events Pre-1600 * 1336 – Francesco Petrarca (Petrarch) ascends Mont Ventoux. *1348 – Czech king Karel IV founds the Charles University in Prague, which was later named after him and was the first university in Central Europe. * 1478 – The Pazzi family attack on Lorenzo de' Medici kills his brother Giuliano during High Mass in Florence Cathedral. * 1564 – Playwright William Shakespeare is baptized in Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire, England (date of birth is unknown). 1601–1900 *1607 – The Virginia Company colonists make landfall at Cape Henry. * 1721 – A massive earthquake devastates the Iranian city of Tabriz. *1777 – Sybil Ludington, aged 16, rode to alert American colonial forces to the approach of the British regular forces *1794 – Battle of Beaumont during the Flanders Campaign of the War of the First Coalition. *1802 – Napoleon Bonaparte signs a general amnesty to allow all but about one thousand of the most ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1919
Events January * January 1 ** The Czechoslovak Legions occupy much of the self-proclaimed "free city" of Pressburg (now Bratislava), enforcing its incorporation into the new republic of Czechoslovakia. ** HMY ''Iolaire'' sinks off the coast of the Hebrides; 201 people, mostly servicemen returning home to Lewis and Harris, are killed. * January 2– 22 – Russian Civil War: The Red Army's Caspian-Caucasian Front begins the Northern Caucasus Operation against the White Army, but fails to make progress. * January 3 – The Faisal–Weizmann Agreement is signed by Emir Faisal (representing the Arab Kingdom of Hejaz) and Zionist leader Chaim Weizmann, for Arab–Jewish cooperation in the development of a Jewish homeland in Palestine, and an Arab nation in a large part of the Middle East. * January 5 – In Germany: ** Spartacist uprising in Berlin: The Marxist Spartacus League, with the newly formed Communist Party of Germany and the Independent Social De ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands within the British Isles. Northern Ireland shares a land border with the Republic of Ireland; otherwise, the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel, the Celtic Sea and the Irish Sea. The total area of the United Kingdom is , with an estimated 2020 population of more than 67 million people. The United Kingdom has evolved from a series of annexations, unions and separations of constituent countries over several hundred years. The Treaty of Union between the Kingdom of England (which included Wales, annexed in 1542) and the Kingdom of Scotland in 170 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Harper (Australian Politician)
Robert Harper (1 February 1842 – 9 January 1919) was an Australian politician. Born in Glasgow, Scotland, he was educated at Glasgow Academy and migrated to Australia in 1856, becoming a tea and coffee merchant and a pastoralist. In 1879, he was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly as the member for West Bourke; he was defeated in 1880, but in 1882 returned to the Assembly as the member for East Bourke. He was defeated again in 1889, but was returned as member for East Bourke 1891–97. In the first federal election in 1901, he was elected to the Australian House of Representatives as the Protectionist member for Mernda. He joined the Commonwealth Liberal Party The Liberal Party was a parliamentary party in Australian federal politics between 1909 and 1917. The party was founded under Alfred Deakin's leadership as a merger of the Protectionist Party and Anti-Socialist Party, an event known as the Fus ... when it was formed out of the fusion of the Protectionis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1 February
Events Pre-1600 *1327 – The teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen Isabella and her lover Roger Mortimer. *1411 – The First Peace of Thorn is signed in Thorn (Toruń), Monastic State of the Teutonic Knights (Prussia). 1601–1900 * 1662 – The Chinese general Koxinga seizes the island of Taiwan after a nine-month siege. * 1713 – The ''Kalabalik'' or ''Skirmish at Bender'' results from the Ottoman sultan's order that his unwelcome guest, King Charles XII of Sweden, be seized. * 1793 – French Revolutionary Wars: France declares war on the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. *1796 – The capital of Upper Canada is moved from Newark to York. *1814 – Mayon in the Philippines erupts, killing around 1,200 people, the most devastating eruption of the volcano. *1835 – Slavery is abolished in Mauritius. *1861 – American Civil War: Texas secedes from the United States and joins ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1909
Events January–February * January 4 – Explorer Aeneas Mackintosh of the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition escaped death by fleeing across ice floes. * January 7 – Colombia recognizes the independence of Panama. * January 9 – The British ''Nimrod'' Expedition to the South Pole, led by Ernest Shackleton, arrives at the farthest south reached by any prior expedition, at 88°23' S, prior to turning back due to diminishing supplies. * January 16 – Shackleton's expedition claims to have found the magnetic South Pole (but the location recorded may be incorrect). * January 24 – The White Star Liner RMS Republic (1903), RMS ''Republic'' sinks the day after a collision with ''SS Florida'' off Nantucket. * January 28 – The last United States troops leave Cuba, after being there since the Spanish–American War of 1898. * February 2 – The Paris Film Congress opens. It is an attempt to create a cartel of leading European producers simila ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mary MacKillop
Mary Helen MacKillop RSJ (15 January 1842 – 8 August 1909) was an Australian religious sister who has been declared a saint by the Catholic Church, as St Mary of the Cross. Of Scottish descent, she was born in Melbourne but is best known for her activities in South Australia. Together with Julian Tenison-Woods, she founded the Sisters of St Joseph of the Sacred Heart (the Josephites), a congregation of religious sisters that established a number of schools and welfare institutions throughout Australia and New Zealand, with an emphasis on education for the rural poor. The process to have MacKillop declared a saint began in the 1920s, and she was beatified in January 1995 by Pope John Paul II. Pope Benedict XVI prayed at her tomb during his visit to Sydney for World Youth Day 2008 and in December 2009 approved the Catholic Church's recognition of a second miracle attributed to her intercession. She was canonised on 17 October 2010, during a public ceremony in St Peter's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
15 January
Events Pre-1600 * 69 – Otho seizes power in Rome, proclaiming himself Emperor of Rome, beginning a reign of only three months. * 1541 – King Francis I of France gives Jean-François Roberval a commission to settle the province of New France (Canada) and provide for the spread of the "Holy Catholic faith". * 1559 – Elizabeth I is crowned Queen of England in Westminster Abbey, London. *1582 – Truce of Yam-Zapolsky: Russia cedes Livonia to the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. 1601–1900 *1759 – The British Museum opens to the public. *1777 – American Revolutionary War: New Connecticut (present-day Vermont) declares its independence. *1782 – Superintendent of Finance Robert Morris addresses the U.S. Congress to recommend establishment of a national mint and decimal coinage. * 1815 – War of 1812: American frigate , commanded by Commodore Stephen Decatur, is captured by a squadron of four British frigates. *1818 – A paper ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bundjalung People
The Bundjalung people, also spelt Bunjalung, Badjalang and Bandjalang, are Aboriginal Australians who are the original custodians of the northern coastal area of New South Wales, Australia, located approximately northeast of Sydney, an area that includes the Bundjalung National Park. Bundjalung people all share descent from ancestors who once spoke as their first, preferred language one or more of the dialects of the Lower-Richmond branch of the Yugambeh-Bandjalang language, Bundjalung language family. The Arakwal people, Arakwal of Byron Bay, New South Wales, Byron Bay count themselves as one of the Bundjalung peoples. Language Yugambeh-Bundjalung languages, Bundjalung is a Pama-Nyungan languages, Pama-Nyungan language. It has two unusual features: certain syllables are strongly stressed while others are "slurred", and it classifies Grammatical gender, gender into four classes: (a) masculine (b) feminine (c) Tree, arboreal and (d) neuter. Country According to Norman Tin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richmond River Massacres
The Richmond River massacres were a series of murders of groups of Indigenous Australians and European Australians in the region around the Richmond River in north-eastern New South Wales in the mid-nineteenth century. Massacres Pelican Creek tragedy In 1842, five European men were killed at Pelican Creek, 10 kilometres north of Coraki. The incident led to a reprisal known as the Evans Head massacre. The following is a reminiscence of Mr. T.J. Olive of Woodburn, recorded in 1928. Mr Olive claimed his father George was a squatter and had taken part in the 1842 massacre: Squatters and Sawyers had set up a storehouse at Pelican Creek where sailing vessels left supplies and picked up loads of red cedar. Soon after the storehouse was established provisions were left with five men and one boy who were to guard the supplies before they were redistributed to other areas. One morning at dawn the Aboriginals crept up and massacred the men. Only the boy who escaped into the bush was lef ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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