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1774 In France
Events from the year 1774 in France Incumbents * Monarch – Louis XV (until 10 May), then Louis XVI Events *10 May – Louis XV of France dies, and Louis XVI becomes the new king *Louis XVI faces empty treasury *division of three estates Births *9 March – Louis Auguste Say, economist and businessman, founder of sugar refineries in Nantes and Paris (died 1840) Deaths *4 February – Charles Marie de La Condamine, explorer, geographer, and mathematician (born 1701) * 24 April – Sara Banzet, educator and diarist (b. 1745) *10 May – Louis XV, King of France and Navarre from 1715 (born 1710) *30 November – Nicolas-François Dupré de Saint-Maur, economist and statistician (born 1695) *16 December – François Quesnay, economist (born 1694) *29 December – Charles O'Brien, 7th Viscount Clare (born 1757) * date unknown: ** Justine Paris Justine Paris, real name Bienfait (1705September 1773), was a French courtesan and madam. She h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
France
France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan area extends from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean and from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea; overseas territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the North Atlantic, the French West Indies, and many islands in Oceania and the Indian Ocean. Due to its several coastal territories, France has the largest exclusive economic zone in the world. France borders Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, Switzerland, Monaco, Italy, Andorra, and Spain in continental Europe, as well as the Netherlands, Suriname, and Brazil in the Americas via its overseas territories in French Guiana and Saint Martin. Its eighteen integral regions (five of which are overseas) span a combined area of and contain clos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sara Banzet
Sara Banzet (born 8 July 1745 in Belmont and died 24 April 1774 in the same village) was a French educator and diarist. She was an educational pioneer, the founder of day cares in France. She is also known for her preserved diary, which is regarded as an important historical document of her contemporary France. Childhood and training Sara Banzet was born in 1745 in the Alsation village of Belmont, in the seigneury of Ban de la Roche, into a peasant family. Servant of the wife of pastor Jean Georges Stuber in Waldersbach, she bore witness to her master's efforts to improve the condition of his parishioners, particularly in terms of education. The Ban de la Roche is situated in the middle of mountains (Belmont is the highest town in the current department of Ban de la Roche) and agriculture was particularly difficult there in the middle of the 18th century, which generated permanent misery, with isolated villages in the winter months. In order to improve local incomes, Madame St ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1705 In France
Events from the year 1705 in France Incumbents * Monarch – Louis XIV Events *7 February – The Twelfth Siege of Gibraltar begins as Marshal René de Froulay de Tessé of the French Army supplements the Spanish forces of the Marquis of Villadarias and seizes control of a strategic fortress, the Round Tower, but the forces retreat after a counterattack kills 200 of their number in the retaking of the Tower *26 February – A French Navy fleet of 18 warships, commanded by Admiral Desjean, the Baron de Pointis arrives in the Bay of Gibraltar to aid the French and Spanish attempt to retake Gibraltar from Britain *31 March (20 March O.S.) – The Twelfth Siege of Gibraltar ends as a fleet of warships from the navies of England, Portugal and the Netherlands, commanded by English Admiral John Leake, arrives at the Bay of Gibraltar with 35 warships and English and Portuguese troops. In the battle that follows, five of the French Navy's ships are sunk and Admiral De ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Justine Paris
Justine Paris, real name Bienfait (1705September 1773), was a French courtesan and madam. She hosted several of the most famous brothels in mid-18th-century Paris and was one of the most known and successful of her trade. She and her brothel are portrayed in the memoirs of Casanova. She has been suggested to be the role model for the title character in '' Juliette'' by the Marquis de Sade. Biography Reportedly, she was a successful and internationally known courtesan before she opened the first of several brothels. For twenty years from about 1730, she operated a well-known brothel at Rue de Bagneux, Faubourg Saint-Germain, described as the perhaps most exclusive in contemporary Paris. In 1750, following a riot, she opened a brothel at Hotel du Roule which acquired fame and which was later taken over by Madame Carlier. Her brothel at Hotel du Roule was described by Casanova. It was located outside the city of Paris, near Chaillot, which meant that the clients could not go there b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles O'Brien, 7th Viscount Clare
Charles O'Brien, titular 7th Viscount Clare and 9th Earl of Thomond (1757-1774) was a Franco-Irish nobleman. He was born on 18 October 1757 in Paris, France, the son of Charles O'Brien, 6th Viscount Clare Charles O'Brien, (17 March 16999 September 1761), 6th Viscount Clare (titular 9th Earl of Thomond) was an Irish military officer in French service, known to posterity as the Maréchal de Thomond. Charles O'Brien was the son of Charles O'Brie ..., ''maréchal'' de Thomond and Marie Genevieve Louise Gauthier de Chifreville. He was Colonel-proprietor of the Clare Regiment after his father, but died before assuming effective command. O'Brien died unmarried at 17 of natural causes on 29 December 1774 in Paris. 1757 births 1774 deaths O'Brien dynasty Irish chiefs of the name Earls in the Jacobite peerage {{Ireland-earl-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
François Quesnay
François Quesnay (; 4 June 1694 – 16 December 1774) was a French economist and physician of the Physiocratic school. He is known for publishing the " Tableau économique" (Economic Table) in 1758, which provided the foundations of the ideas of the Physiocrats. This was perhaps the first work attempting to describe the workings of the economy in an analytical way, and as such can be viewed as one of the first important contributions to economic thought. His ''Le Despotisme de la Chine'', written in 1767, describes Chinese politics and society, and his own political support for enlightened despotism. Life Quesnay was born at Méré near Versailles, the son of an advocate and small landed proprietor. Apprenticed at the age of sixteen to a surgeon, he soon went to Paris, studied medicine and surgery there, and, having qualified as a master-surgeon, settled down to practice at Mantes. In 1737 he was appointed perpetual secretary of the academy of surgery founded by François ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicolas-François Dupré De Saint-Maur
Nicolas-François Dupré de Saint-Maur (1695, Paris – 30 November 1774) was a French economist and statistician. Biography From a family of jurists and financial figures, he was the son of a correcteur in the Chambre des comptes and cousin of Jean-Baptiste-Henri de Valincour. He became treasurer of France at the Bureau de la généralité de Paris and was made a conseiller du roi. Works *''Le Paradis perdu de Milton. Poème heroique, traduit de l'anglois, avec les remarques de Mr. Addisson'' (1729) (3 volumes) - a prose translation of '' Paradise Lost'' and ''Paradise Regained'' by the English poet John Milton, this work was first published by Saint-Maur and was often reissued. Though his authorship of it is uncertain, it was doubtless the reason for his election to the Académie française four years later, in 1733. *''Essai sur les monnaies, ou réflexions sur le rapport entre l'argent et les denrées'' (1746) Online extracts - A treatment of European coinage and relationship ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1745
Events January–March * January 7 – War of the Austrian Succession: The Austrian Army, under the command of Field Marshal Károly József Batthyány, makes a surprise attack at Amberg and the winter quarters of the Bavarian Army, and scatters the Bavarian defending troops, then captures the Bavarian capital at Munich * January 8 – The Quadruple Alliance treaty is signed at Warsaw by Great Britain, Austria, the Dutch Republic and the Duchy of Saxony. * January 20 – Less than two weeks after the disastrous Battle of Amberg leaves Bavaria undefended, the electorate's ruler (and Holy Roman Emperor) Karl VII Albrecht dies from gout at the age of 47, leaving the duchy without an adult to lead it. His 17-year-old son, Maximilian III Joseph, signs terms of surrender in April. * February 22 – The ruling white colonial government on the island of Jamaica foils a conspiracy by about 900 black slaves, who had been plotting to seize control an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salmonsens Konversationsleksikon
''Salmonsens Konversationsleksikon'' is a Danish encyclopedia that has been published in several editions. The first edition, ''Salmonsens Store Illustrerede Konversationsleksikon'' was published in nineteen volumes 1893–1911 by Brødrene Salmonsens Forlag, and named after the publisher Isaac Salmonsen. The second edition, ''Salmonsens Konversationsleksikon'', was published in 26 volumes 1915–1930, under the editorship of Christian Blangstrup (volume 1–21), and Johannes Brøndum-Nielsen and Palle Raunkjær (volume 22–26), issued by J. H. Schultz Forlagsboghandel. Editions * ''Salmonsens Store Illustrerede Konversationsleksikon'', 19 volumes, Copenhagen: Brødrene Salmonsen, 1893–1911 * ''Salmonsens Konversationsleksikon'', 2nd edition, editors: Christian Blangstrup (I–XXI), Johannes Brøndum-Nielsen and Palle Raunkjær (XXII–XXVI), 26 volumes, Copenhagen: J. H. Schultz Forlagsboghandel, 1915–1930. * ''Den Lille Salmonsen'', 3rd edition, 12 volumes, Copen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of French Monarchs
France was ruled by monarchs from the establishment of the Kingdom of West Francia in 843 until the end of the Second French Empire in 1870, with several interruptions. Classical French historiography usually regards Clovis I () as the first king of France, however historians today consider that such a kingdom did not begin until the establishment of West Francia. Titles The kings used the title "King of the Franks" ( la, Rex Francorum) until the late twelfth century; the first to adopt the title of "King of France" (Latin: ''Rex Franciae''; French: ''roi de France'') was Philip II in 1190 (r. 1180–1223), after which the title "King of the Franks" gradually lost ground. However, ''Francorum Rex'' continued to be sometimes used, for example by Louis XII in 1499, by Francis I in 1515, and by Henry II in about 1550; it was also used on coins up to the eighteenth century. During the brief period when the French Constitution of 1791 was in effect (1791–1792) and a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Marie De La Condamine
Charles Marie de La Condamine (28 January 1701 – 4 February 1774) was a French explorer, geographer, and mathematician. He spent ten years in territory which is now Ecuador, measuring the length of a degree of latitude at the equator and preparing the first map of the Amazon region based on astro-geodetic observations. Furthermore he was a contributor to the ''Encyclopédie''.'' Biography Charles Marie de La Condamine was born in Paris as a son of well-to-do parents, Charles de La Condamine and Louise Marguerite Chourses. He studied at the Collège Louis-le-Grand where he was trained in humanities as well as in mathematics. After finishing his studies, he enlisted in the army and fought in the war against Spain (1719). After returning from the war, he became acquainted with scientific circles in Paris. On 12 December 1730 he became a member of the Académie des Sciences and was appointed Assistant Chemist at the Academy. In 1729 La Condamine and his friend Voltaire expl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paris
Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the List of cities proper by population density, 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. Since the 17th century, Paris has been one of the world's major centres of finance, diplomacy, commerce, Fashion capital, fashion, gastronomy, and science. For its leading role in the arts and sciences, as well as its very early system of street lighting, in the 19th century it became known as "the City of Light". Like London, prior to the Second World War, it was also sometimes called Caput Mundi#Paris, the capital of the world. The City of Paris is the centre of the Île-de-France Regions of France, region, or Paris Region, with an estimated population of 12,262,544 in 2019, or about 19% of the population of France, making the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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