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Béla Uitz
Béla Uitz (8 March 1887, Mehála, Kingdom of Hungary (today part of Timișoara, Romania) – 26 January 1972, Budapest, Hungary) was a Hungarian painter and communist activist. In 1907 he studied at the Hungarian National School of Applied Arts before moving on to the Hungarian Academy of Fine Arts in 1908. He was a contributor to the anarchist-pacifist magazine '' A Tett'', published by Lajos Kassák 1915-1916. After ''A Tett'' was suppressed by the authorities, Kassák launched '' MA'' in 1917 and Uiotz joined the editorial team. He attended the "Russian Evening" organised by ''MA'' on 20 November 1920 in Vienna. This led him to rethink his political-artistic stance. In "Jegyzetek a 'Ma' orosz estélyéhez" (Notes on MAs Russian evening) an article published in MA he was very critical of the Russian Proletkult movement which he viewed as an obstacle to the parallel progress of the material and spiritual revolution he envisaged. Nevertheless he later developed a more sympa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proletkult
Proletkult ( rus, Пролетку́льт, p=prəlʲɪtˈkulʲt), a portmanteau of the Russian words "proletarskaya kultura" (proletarian culture), was an experimental Soviet artistic institution that arose in conjunction with the Russian Revolution of 1917. This organization, a federation of local cultural societies and avant-garde artists, was most prominent in the visual, literary, and dramatic fields. Proletkult aspired to radically modify existing artistic forms by creating a new, revolutionary working-class aesthetic, which drew its inspiration from the construction of modern industrial society in backward, agrarian Russia. Although funded by the People's Commissariat for Education of Soviet Russia, the Proletkult organization sought autonomy from state control, a demand which brought it into conflict with the Communist Party hierarchy and the Soviet state bureaucracy. Some top party leaders, such as Lenin, sought to concentrate state funding and retain it from such artistic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1972 Deaths
Year 197 ( CXCVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Magius and Rufinus (or, less frequently, year 950 '' Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 197 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * February 19 – Battle of Lugdunum: Emperor Septimius Severus defeats the self-proclaimed emperor Clodius Albinus at Lugdunum (modern Lyon). Albinus commits suicide; legionaries sack the town. * Septimius Severus returns to Rome and has about 30 of Albinus's supporters in the Senate executed. After his victory he declares himself the adopted son of the late Marcus Aurelius. * Septimius Severus forms new naval units, manning all the triremes in Italy with heavily armed troops for war in the East. His soldiers embark ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1887 Births
Events January–March * January 11 – Louis Pasteur's anti-rabies treatment is defended in the Académie Nationale de Médecine, by Dr. Joseph Grancher. * January 20 ** The United States Senate allows the Navy to lease Pearl Harbor as a naval base. ** British emigrant ship ''Kapunda'' sinks after a collision off the coast of Brazil, killing 303 with only 16 survivors. * January 21 ** The Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) is formed in the United States. ** Brisbane receives a one-day rainfall of (a record for any Australian capital city). * January 24 – Battle of Dogali: Abyssinian troops defeat the Italians. * January 28 ** In a snowstorm at Fort Keogh, Montana, the largest snowflakes on record are reported. They are wide and thick. ** Construction work begins on the foundations of the Eiffel Tower in Paris, France. * February 2 – The first Groundhog Day is observed in Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania. * February 4 – The Interstate Commerce Act ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aladár Komját
Aladár Komját (11 February 1891, Kassa – 3 January 1937, Paris) was a Hungarian poet and communist activist. Komját broke with Lajos Kassák and the circle of artists around '' MA'' in 1917 and participated in the founding of the Communist Party of Hungary in 1918. In 1919 he worked with Gyula Hevesi to launch the first Hungarian communist journal, ''Internationálé''. He joined Béla Uitz in editing'' Egység'', a journal they launched in 1922 while in exile in Vienna. In 1931 Komját was involved in debates amongst the German literary avant-garde allying himself with Karl Biro-Rosinger and Hans Marchwitza in advocating a more proletarian approach to writing which challenged the positions of Karl August Wittfogel Karl August Wittfogel (6 September 1896 – 25 May 1988) was a German-American playwright, historian, and sinologist. He was originally a Marxist and an active member of the Communist Party of Germany, but after the Second World War, he was an e .... Refe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berlin
Berlin ( , ) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. One of Germany's sixteen constituent states, Berlin is surrounded by the State of Brandenburg and contiguous with Potsdam, Brandenburg's capital. Berlin's urban area, which has a population of around 4.5 million, is the second most populous urban area in Germany after the Ruhr. The Berlin-Brandenburg capital region has around 6.2 million inhabitants and is Germany's third-largest metropolitan region after the Rhine-Ruhr and Rhine-Main regions. Berlin straddles the banks of the Spree, which flows into the Havel (a tributary of the Elbe) in the western borough of Spandau. Among the city's main topographical features are the many lakes in the western and southeastern boroughs formed by the Spree, Havel and Dahme, the largest of which is Lake Müggelsee. Due to its l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Egység
''Egység'' was a communist Hungarian art magazine published in Vienna and Berlin between 1922 and 1924. The full title was ''Egység, Irodalom, Müvészet'' which means "Unity, Literature, Art". Éva Forgács, Tyrus Miller, (2013) "The Avant-Garde in Budapest and in Exile in Vienna: ''A Tett'' (1915-6), ''Ma'' (Budapest 1916-9; Vienna 1920-6), ''Egység'' (1922-4), ''Akasztott Ember'' (1922), ''2x2'' (1922), ''Ék'' (1923-4), ''Is'' (1924), ''365'' (1925), ''Dokumentum'' (1926-7), and ''Munka'' (1928-39)", in ''The Oxford Critical and Cultural History of Modernist Magazines, Vol. 3: Europe, 1880-1940'', Oxford University Press, 2013, pp 1128-1156. It was edited by Béla Uitz and Aladár Komját. They had previously been aligned with Lajos Kassák and his journal '' MA''. Whereas Kassak advocated an ideologically autonomous artistic avantgarde, ''Egység'' advocated that artistic activity should be more closely aligned with other aspects of class struggle and was critical of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jolán Szilágyi
Jolán Szilágyi (15 June 1895, Székelyudvarhely - 8 July 1971, Budapest), was a Hungarian painter, graphic artist and cartoonist. She married Tibor Szamuely. During the Hungarian Soviet Republic Tibor was People's Commissar for Military Affairs and Jolán produced political posters, such as ''Minden gyárnak legyen munkászászlóalja!'' (Every factory should have a workers' battalion!). When the Republic was overthrown, she went into exile spending time in Italy, Germany and the Soviet Union, before returning to Hungary in 1948. In 1921-1922 she was studying at VKhUTEMAS, the art and technical school founded in 1920 in Moscow. When Béla Uitz and Alfréd Kemény attended the 3rd Congress of the Communist International in Moscow, they met with Szilágyi who introduced them to El Lissitzky Lazar Markovich Lissitzky (russian: link=no, Ла́зарь Ма́ркович Лиси́цкий, ; – 30 December 1941), better known as El Lissitzky (russian: link=no, Эль Лис ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moscow
Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million residents within the city limits, over 17 million residents in the urban area, and over 21.5 million residents in the metropolitan area. The city covers an area of , while the urban area covers , and the metropolitan area covers over . Moscow is among the world's largest cities; being the most populous city entirely in Europe, the largest urban and metropolitan area in Europe, and the largest city by land area on the European continent. First documented in 1147, Moscow grew to become a prosperous and powerful city that served as the capital of the Grand Duchy that bears its name. When the Grand Duchy of Moscow evolved into the Tsardom of Russia, Moscow remained the political and economic center for most of the Tsardom's history. When th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communist International
The Communist International (Comintern), also known as the Third International, was a Soviet-controlled international organization founded in 1919 that advocated world communism. The Comintern resolved at its Second Congress to "struggle by all available means, including armed force, for the overthrow of the international bourgeoisie and the creation of an international Soviet republic as a transition stage to the complete abolition of the state". The Comintern was preceded by the 1916 dissolution of the Second International. The Comintern held seven World Congresses in Moscow between 1919 and 1935. During that period, it also conducted thirteen Enlarged Plenums of its governing Executive Committee, which had much the same function as the somewhat larger and more grandiose Congresses. Joseph Stalin, leader of the Soviet Union, dissolved the Comintern in 1943 to avoid antagonizing his allies in the later years of World War II, the United States and the United Kingdom. It was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
3rd World Congress Of The Comintern
The 3rd World Congress of the Communist International (Comintern) was held in Moscow on 22 June–12 July 1921. The third official meeting of the Communist International included delegations from more than 50 different national structures and took place in the back-drop of two major events; the failure of the German revolution and the introduction of New Economic Policy in Soviet Russia. The main language of the congress was German, with three further working languages: French, English and Russian (of the three, French being predominant). Agenda The agenda was circulated in several languages from March 1921: # Report of the Executive Committee. # The world economic crisis and the new rôle of the Communist International. # Tactics of the Communist International during the revolution. # The period of transition (partial actions and the final revolutionary struggle). # The campaign against the Yellow Trade Union International of Amsterdam. # The International Council of Red Tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
